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Topic: Proprioception

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	Proprioception Training for Avoidance of ACL Incidence in Soccer Players
		Proprioception training can be used by youth soccer coaches and college soccer coaches to reduce the incidence of ACL injuries in soccer players.
		At the start of the study, it was known that proprioceptive training had been shown to reduce the incidence of ankle sprains, and to speed rehabilitation from ACL injuries.
		Proprioception - sense of joint position, is defined, and the effect of injuries on proprioception is explained.
	www.brucebrownlee.com /coaching/fitness/proprioceptiontraining.htm (2041 words)

	Proprioception - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Proprioception (from Latin proprius, meaning "one's own" and perception) is the sense of the relative position of neighbouring parts of the body.
		The proprioceptive sense is believed to be composed of information from sensory neurons located in the inner ear (motion and orientation) and in the stretch receptors of joints and muscles (stance).
		Standing on a wobble board is often used to retrain or increase proprioception abilities, particularly as physical therapy for ankle or knee injuries.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Proprioception (1442 words)

	Proprioception: how and why?
		Proprioception is "the process by which the body can vary muscle contraction in immediate response to incoming information regarding external forces," by utilizing stretch receptors in the muscles to keep track of the joint position in the body (1).
		Proprioception and kinesthesia, the sensation of joint motion and acceleration, are the sensory feedback mechanisms for motor control and posture.
		Proprioception, also often referred to as the sixth sense, was developed by the nervous system as a means to keep track of and control the different parts of the body.
	serendip.brynmawr.edu /bb/neuro/neuro02/web2/slee.html (2657 words)

	The Physician and Sportsmedicine: Refining Rehabilitation With Proprioception Training
		Proprioceptive challenge can be applied to the shoulder using techniques such as quadruped stabilization on a balance board (figure 4), which can stimulate proper stabilization of the scapula in a closed-kinetic-chain position.
		Proprioception is one of the somatic senses—nervous system functions that collect sensory information from the body but are not one of the special senses of sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell, or vestibular equilibrium.
		Proprioception is a key component of dynamic joint stability, because afferent input indirectly produces and modulates the efferent response that allows the neuromuscular system to maintain a balance of stability and mobility.
	www.physsportsmed.com /issues/1997/10oct/laskow.htm (3621 words)

	Proprioception
		Proprioception - one's ability to sense joint position and joint motion - is affected by factors such as age, muscle fatigue, and osteoarthritis.
		This study compared the proprioception levels of a group of 117 patients who were scheduled for total knee arthroplasty due to severe arthritis (mean age, 67.9 years) to a control group of forty patients who were recruited from a hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation program and did not have knee arthritis (mean age, 68.3 years).
		Such loss of proprioception is independent of the severity of knee arthritis, and may foretell the development of arthritis.
	www.aori.org /research/kneestuf/proprio.htm (397 words)

	Training for Proprioception
		Of a handful of terms recently used in the fitness industry, proprioception and kinesthetic awareness are the most widely recognized in relation to body awareness.
		A common example of loss of proprioception can be seen in any athlete who is required to use the arms and shoulders with precision, such as shooters, boxers, throwers (baseball), archers, and even people who throw darts in the bar or shoot pool, says Chek.
		Proprioceptive trace is an after-effect of the immediate proprioceptive experience.
	www.coachr.org /proprio.htm (1264 words)

	05/01 BioMechanics: Put To The Test: Oscillatory devices accelerate proprioception training
		Proprioception contributes to the muscle reflex by providing dynamic joint stability, and also contributes to motor programming for the neuromuscular control required for precision movements.
		Proprioception has been defined as the specialized variation of the sensory modality of touch that encompasses joint position sense and sensation of joint movement (kinesthesia).
		Since no significant difference was found in the control group (no proprioceptive training) before and after training, but was found in the experimental group, the use of oscillatory training devices for improving proprioception in the subject population is supported.
	www.biomech.com /db_area/archives/2001/0105.puttest.bio.shtml (2305 words)

	Exploratorium: Science Snacks: Proprioception
		On a lined sheet of paper, write the word "proprioception" or some other vocabulary word of the day.
		You are using proprioceptors in your muscles, tendons and joints to judge your body positions in all of these activities.
		Since most of us are highly dependent on visual cues for judging distance, position, etc. proprioception alone is not enough to give us the fine detail of position, such as needed to complete these activities accurately.
	exploratorium.com /snacks/proprioception (422 words)

	Article : Proprioception
		Proprioception, the body’s ability to react appropriately to external forces, is the keystone to a functional rehabilitation program.
		Without reestablishing proprioception, the other components of the rehabilitation program (flexibility, strength, and endurance) cannot be orchestrated in the goal of the athlete’s return to participation.
		Lower extremity deficits in proprioception are easily determined by using static and dynamic balance.
	www.fitter1.com /article_proprioception.html (340 words)

	Proprioception in dreams - Dream Views Lucid Dreaming Forum
		Proprioception is the sense (not one of the 5 human senses) that tells us where our body parts are positioned without having to see them or feel them.
		Proprioception-the sense that tells you where all your limbs are placed, without it we would have to literally look where we were putting our feet to walk-is something totally unrelated to touch.
		Proprioception occur's within the cerebellum, which is facilitates by monoamine cells.
	www.dreamviews.com /forum/viewtopic.php?t=11889 (1537 words)

	E-Budo.com - Proprioception
		In a nutshell proprioception is how the brain understands and senses the position of the body in space and how it reacts to the changing environment that the body finds itself in.
		A lot of study is being made of proprioception, largely of cases where people have lost it.
		So - as the outsider 'messing with' another person's proprioception, what you have is something that you may manipulate in certain ways in order to elicit certain responses which are - to a degree - predictable.
	www.e-budo.com /forum/showthread.php?t=19495 (3419 words)

	Using Proprioception to Enhance Rehabilitation \| Injury A to Z \| PhysioRoom.com: Sports Injury Shop, News & Advice
		Proprioception refers to the body's ability to sense movement within joints and joint position.
		The proprioceptive system is made up of receptor nerves that are positioned in the muscles, joints and ligaments around joints.
		Proprioceptive ability can be trained through specific exercises and, in the case of the injured athlete, the improvement can compensate for the loss caused by injury.
	www.physioroom.com /injuries/supplements/proprioception.php (389 words)

	Scoliosis and Proprioception
		Which indicates that proprioception usually improves in life and might therefore be open for further improvement, e.g.
		The result of the study by Keesen et al was that there was a significant difference in the average accuracy between scoliotic patients and others.
		Except that in their case it is not the sagitally oriented inaccurate proprioception which is the problem, but the lateral ‘banana deviation’ of the spine, which is inaccurately perceived as straight.
	www.somatics.de /ScoliosisPropriocept.html (2581 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Proprioception (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		While the conventional five senses of sight, taste, smell, touch and hearing advise us of the world beyond ourselves, proprioception is the sense that looks inward.
		It is the force behind touch typing, ballet, and the DWI test for which we must touch our noses with our eyes closed.
		Without proprioception, the artist would not be able to brush paint onto a canvas without looking at his hand's action, and it would be impossible to drive an automobile, because a motorist would not be able to steer or use the foot pedals while looking at the road ahead.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/pr/Proprioception (186 words)

	U-M Life Sciences Institute - News & Events (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Proprioception allows you to touch your nose with your eyes closed.
		Proprioception helps you balance and how to put one foot in front of the other to walk without looking at your feet.
		Scientists at the University of Michigan have made insights into proprioception by discovering a gene encoding an ion channel protein that regulates "stretch receptors," which are cells responsible for mediating proprioception.
	www.umich.edu /~lsi/institute/news032906.html (381 words)

	GSAPP Proprioception
		Actually, when you lose your sense of proprioception (and Sacks describes such a case) you can only slightly make up for it by pure, conscious attention.
		So, proprioception is nothing but your sense of movement related to posture.
		An architect would say space is outside the body and there lies the possibility of movement, but movement is first and foremost part of the structure of the body.
	www.arch.columbia.edu /gsap/1945 (418 words)

	overuse injuries \| proprioception
		Rarely will you find a mention of proprioception, but this article argues that this factor is an extremely important component in the development of overuse injuries, which needs to be addressed in injury rehabilitation to prevent recurrences.
		Proprioception is the ‘accuracy of joint position sense or the threshold for detecting joint movement’
		Yet amid this consensus, the literature is almost silent on the concept of proprioception in relation to the development and subsequent management of overuse injuries.
	www.sportsinjurybulletin.com /archive/overuse-injuries-1.html (1372 words)

	Proprioception Information
		Proprioception as it relates to exercise is the ability of the brain to recruit the proper muscle groups needed to counteract any outside force.
		The brain is able to propriocept, or assess, how the body is positioned and properly process that information in order to control the body into the next position.
		The appropriate muscles were incapable of contributing to proper proprioception because of fatigue.
	www.jumpusa.com /proprio2.htm (332 words)

	Proprioception in Parkinson's disease is acutely depressed by dopaminergic medications -- O'Suilleabhain et al. 71 (5): ...
		Proprioception in Parkinson's disease is acutely depressed by dopaminergic medications -- O'Suilleabhain et al.
		Proprioception in Parkinson's disease is acutely depressed by dopaminergic medications
		Proprioception deteriorated as hypothesised, reaching significance by one tailed t test for each of the three tasks.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/71/5/607 (2592 words)

	Charles Wolfe
		The view I am associating with "proprioception" has been taken by a variety of thinkers, including Maurice Merleau-Ponty, J.J. Gibson, and most recently Andy Clark: "the body is a great system of reasons, a war and a peace..." (Nietzsche, Thus Spoke Zarathustra).
		It cannot be "reduced" in the sense of chemical purification to a pure consciousness; and it cannot be "reduced" to a more physical level in which action itself is not present.
		However, this does not affect the position of 'embodied cognition' or 'incarnation' (here termed "proprioception"), since the debate on the existence of consciousness is an ontological one, unlike our descriptive or methodological stance.
	www.artbrain.org /journal/wolfe.html (2272 words)

	A Matter of Balance
		Proprioceptive information is transmitted to the spinal cord via afferent or sensory pathways.
		Balance and proprioception training must not only prime a patient to react to his or her environment but also perform preparatory activities.
		Balance and proprioception training is truly important to enable the patient with lower extremity orthopedic injury to return to activity.
	www.orthopedictechreview.com /issues/mayjun01/pg30.htm (2086 words)

	Bodyblade Exercise Equipment - Oscillatory devices accelerate proprioception training
		The shoulder is an inherently unstable joint based on the anatomical relationship of the glenoid and the humeral head.
		A paired-sample t-test22 was performed on the proprioceptive parameters of an angular shoulder position replication index (in degrees) of three rotator measurements (external rotation <45Â°, external rotation >45Â°, and internal rotation) to determine whether differences occurred before and after training.
		Which adaptations of the receptors and neurological pathways bring about improvement in proprioception is not entirely clear.7,13,23-26 Intuitively, we suspect that this proprioceptive improvement could allow these athletes to have better neuromuscular control, and prevent injury by maintaining proper joint congruency.
	www.bodyblade.com /index.cfm?page=articles_Oscillatory (2192 words)

	Effect of strength and proprioception training on eversion to inversion strength ratios in subjects with unilateral ...
		Effect of strength and proprioception training on eversion to inversion strength ratios in subjects with unilateral functional ankle instability * Commentary -- Kaminski et al.
		Effect of strength and proprioception training on eversion to inversion strength ratios in subjects with unilateral functional ankle instability
		The contributions of proprioceptive deficits, muscle function, and anatomic laxity to functional instability of the ankle.
	bjsm.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/37/5/410 (4011 words)

	Touch and Proprioception
		By and large, we tend to take proprioception for granted, thinking it completely unremarkable that, for example, we know at all times where our hands and feet are -- even if we cannot see them.
		For the most part, proprioception is a deeply individual experience and one which cannot easily be studied or described.
		The problems encountered in understanding the experience of proprioception in others multiply immeasurably when we contemplate it in other species.
	www.elasmo-research.org /education/white_shark/touch.htm (930 words)

	Article : More Proprioception
		Proprioceptive movements in your classes and training sessions can enhance your clients' body awareness and movement efficiency.
		For instance, he says, "After an injury to the shoulder joint, I have seen many people complain of a loss of accuracy and performance, which I have corrected using exercises to improve proprioception." Have your clients try this: With both arms, pick up a chair and feel its weight.
		Proprioceptive trace is an aftereffect of the immediate proprioceptive experience.
	www.fitter1.com /article_moreproprioception.html (1174 words)

	The effects of static friction and backlash on extended physiological proprioception control of a powered prosthesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This proprioceptive feedback occurs because the control cable directly relates the position and velocity of an anatomical joint to the position and velocity of a prosthetic joint.
		As currently implemented, externally powered prostheses do not take advantage of the proprioceptive abilities of the remaining anatomy and thus require users to rely on vision as their main source of feedback.
		Theoretically, Simpson's proposed extended physiological proprioception (EPP) control is advantageous because it provides feedback on the state of the prosthesis in a manner that is physiologically appropriate, and this feedback allows the user to use subconscious pathways, thus reducing the mental load required to operate the device.
	www.vard.org /jour/05/42/3/farrell.html (7123 words)

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