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Topic: The Protectorate

	Oliver Cromwell - The Founding of the Protectorate
		On the morning of Monday 19 December the Council gathered for what appears to have been quite a brief meeting which decided various procedural matters, including the form of address to be used by petitioners, ambassadors and others, and the appointment of Henry Lawrence as chairman and president of the Council.
		The newspapers reported that “this day with sound of Trumpet and great solemnity, his Excellence was proclaimed Protector of the Three Nations…by a Serjeant at Arms at the Exchange in London, the Lord Mayor, Aldermen and Common Councel being present, and in several other places of the City of London and in Westminster”.
		Oliver, Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland, considering that whereas the exercise of the chief Magistracy and the administration of Government within the said Commonwealth is invested and established in his Highnesse assisted with a Councel.
	www.olivercromwell.org /protectorate/protectorate_4.htm (754 words)

	The Protectorate Military
		Protectorate warships are capable of striking orbital targets from safe jump distance and with a different take on jump technology are capable of more mobility than that of any other fleet.
		The dress uniform of the Protectorate Marine Corps is similar to that of the Navy except that the color is dark blue instead of fl.
		The dress uniform of the Protectorate Army is a yellow shirt with a necktie, grey trousers, and a peaked hat.
	www.geocities.com /lightsenshi/military.html (1564 words)

	Protectorate - LoveToKnow 1911
		Protectorate may mean no more than what it says: " One state agrees to protect or guarantee the safety of another." The term is also employed to describe any relation of a political superior to an inferior state.
		The creation of a protectorate is convenient for the superior and the inferior; it relieves the former from the full responsibilities incident to annexation; it spares to some extent the feelings of the latter.
		Protectorates also exist in the Western Pacific group of islands (including the Friendly Islands, the Ellice and Gilbert group, and the British Solomon Islands).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Protectorate (3209 words)

	Protectorate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Protectorates differ from League of Nations Mandates, and similar United Nations Trust Territories, which gave in practice similar authority to "responsible" Western powers or Japan in various areas of the non-European world over former colonial possessions (including protectorates) of the losers in World Wars I viz.
		Persons connected with former British protectorates, protected states, mandated or trust territories may still be British protected persons if they did not acquire the nationality of their country at independence.
		Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (not colonial, a nazi puppet regime in Czechia)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Protectorate (1090 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Protectorate of Missions
		The object of the protectorate may be more or less extensive, according as it embraces only the missionaries who are subjects of the protecting power, or applies to the missionaries of all nations or even to their neophytes, the native Christians.
		In 1848 the Austrian Protectorate was extended to the mission of the Sudan and Nigritia, which was in the care of Austrian priests; apparently for this reason, when the Coptic Catholic hierarchy was restored in Egypt by Leo XIII (1895), the new patriarch and his suffragans placed themselves under the protection of Austria.
		The protectorate, it is said, is unwillingly tolerated by the authorities of infidel countries; it embitters the antipathy and hatred excited by the Christians in those countries, and causes the missionaries, who rely on its support, to be insufficiently mindful of the sensibilities of the natives and on their guard against excessive zeal.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/12488a.htm (3653 words)

	Bechuanaland Protectorate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bechuanaland Protectorate (BP) was a protectorate established on March 31, 1885 by Britain in southern Africa.
		In 1891 administration of the protectorate was given to the High Commissioner for South Africa; in 1895 the British South Africa Company attempted to acquire the area, but three Tswana chiefs visited London to protest and were successful in fending off the BSAC.
		Three stamps in 1960 commemorated the 75th anniversary of the protectorate, then in 1961 Bechuanaland converted to the South African rand, necessitating surcharges on the existing definitives in February, followed by a new definitive series in October that was mostly pictures of birds, with some showing people at work.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bechuanaland_Protectorate (669 words)

	PROTECTORATE - LoveToKnow Article on PROTECTORATE (Site not responding. Last check: )
		What the idea of a protectorate excludes, and the idea of annexation, on the other hand, would include, is that absolute ownership which was signified by the word dominium in Roman law, and which, though not quite satisfactorily, is sometimes described as territorial sovereignty.
		The creation of a protectorate is convenient for the superior and the inferior; it relieves the former from the full responsibilities incident to annexation; it spares to some extent the feelings of the latter.
		Strictly speaking, a protectorate cannot exist over a domain uninhabited or ruled by no organized state; in such cases the elements of the true protectorates are wanting.
	28.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PR/PROTECTORATE.htm (2800 words)

	Pyramid: The Protectorate-American War, Part III
		Orbital assaults on Protectorate holdings were suspended, U.S. and Protectorate surface fleets set course for widely-separated friendly bases, and Protectorate regulars on U.S. soil surrendered to await repatriation to their homeland.
		As Protectorate generals well knew, there was not much chance of success if the war went that direction; the United States had won in both military and economic conflicts (World War II and the Cold War) by simply out-producing its opponents, a strategy that was very likely to work again.
		The Protectorate attempted to "hedgehog," drawing in on itself and depending upon "neutral" nations that had been economically pressured into joining forces with the Protectorate for supply, hoping that the U.S. would not fire on neutral vessels.
	www.sjgames.com /pyramid/sample.html?id=644 (3104 words)

	protectorate on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		PROTECTORATE [protectorate] in international law, a relationship in which one state surrenders part of its sovereignty to another.
		A protectorate is distinguishable from the relation of home country and colony, for the protected state retains its sovereignty (though often only nominally), its territory remains distinct from that of the protector, and its citizens do not become nationals of the protecting state.
		The former trust territories of the United Nations (see trusteeship, territorial) were distinguished from protectorates in that they were being prepared for ultimate independence and that the control of the dominant state was subject to scrutiny by the UN Trusteeship Council.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/p1/protecto.asp (867 words)

	Protectorate articles on Encyclopedia.com
		protectorate PROTECTORATE [protectorate] in international law, a relationship in which one state surrenders part of its sovereignty to another.
		Protectorate PROTECTORATE [Protectorate] in English history, name given to the English government from 1653 to 1659.
		He first rose to prominence during the protectorate of Edward Seymour, duke of Somerset, and he served as secretary of state (1550-53) during the ascendancy of John Dudley, duke of Northumberland.
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=Protectorate (422 words)

	The protectorate, a way to dominate, by Andeja Zivkovic
		Yet the protectorate, a modern form of colonialism, risks putting a seal of approval on the ethnic partitioning of the province.
		Yet taking the outcome in Bosnia alone, the most recent of the protectorates set up by the West after the Dayton accords of November 1995, we see that where peace and democracy are concerned things do not always work out as they are meant to.
		Any protectorate placed under the sovereignty of an independent state and at the same time cut off from that state by the actions of external forces has always been bound to create more than merely an autonomous province - possibly an independent state, though one bereft of sovereign attributes.
	mondediplo.com /1999/07/04balk (1865 words)

	AN INTERNATIONAL PROTECTORATE FOR THE WEST BANK AND GAZA STRIP?
		Among the protectorate's specific tasks would be to assist the Palestinians in restoring basic services, reviving civil society, and rebuilding national institutions, with the explicit end of fostering the establishment of an independent, democratic Palestinian state after, say, three-to-five years.
		The third tier, the Protectorate administration, would be divided between the civil and security tasks, with military personnel drawn from countries assented to by both the Palestinians and the Israelis.
		Failing this, the Protectorate idea should be further developed and held in reserve against the future collapse of the roadmap.
	www.chicagopeacenow.org /rr-43.html (3597 words)

	British Rule - Culture and History - Tourism of Botswana
		Whilst they agreed to their land becoming a protectorate, they also made it clear that they did not want the British to interfere with their laws and government, nor did they want any of their land to be sold.
		Eventually the protectorate status was accepted by all the Tswana kings.
		Botswana remained a protectorate for the next 80 years, during which time a number of autonomous but related Tswana states were forged into one country.
	www.botswana-tourism.gov.bw /culture_and_his/british.html (681 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Environment \| Protecting the protectorates (Site not responding. Last check: )
		As of 1989, the EU had cooperated with the Egyptian government in the administration of the protectorates, providing an advanced operation system for emergencies as well as the most advanced technology and facilities.
		According to Rabie, the protectorate management coordinates with both the airport and the seaport to make violation control more efficient: "Tourists who are arrested with corals can face a fine of up to LE5,000, as well as a court case." But money shortage will often result in a shortage of manpower, he says.
		While protectorate brochures instruct the tourists to take nothing with them and leave nothing behind, solid waste is nonetheless accumulating.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2005/749/en1.htm (2117 words)

	Madagascar Protectorate (1885-1896)
		The flag is a horizontal blue-white-red tri-band, with a red crescent facing the fly and shifted to the hoist in the white band.
		During this period, Madagascar was a de facto protectorate (not formally recognized by England for instance) although de jure a kingdom.
		Since the Tricolor was definitively adopted as the French flag in 1830, it is highly probable that French colonists imposed a flag inspired by their national flag before the official establishment of the Protectorate.
	www.fotw.net /Flags/mg-prot.html (390 words)

	Faction:Andolian Protectorate - VsWiki (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In particular, there are Klk'k, Purth, and non-Andolian human citizens of the Protectorate (the non-Andolian humans mostly being non-integrationist members of annexed entities or yet to be integrated immigrants to the Protectorate from other polities).
		The Andolian Protectorate was created by the Andolians as the political entity controlling both Andolian and Klk'k interests.
		During the formation of the Confederation, there was some consolidation of minor factions, bringing an influx of non-Andolian humans into the Protectorate (an extremely small minority of the human population born into the Protectorate remains non-Andolian - less than 1% of the total human population).
	vegastrike.sourceforge.net /wiki/Faction:Andolian_Protectorate (204 words)

	The British and the Benin Bronzes
		By 1895 the Protectorate government had established its authority, frequently by use of force, over all the major trading centres except the ancient kingdom of Benin which insisted on retaining sovereignty and trading independence.
		Ralph Moor, the Consul General of the Niger Coast Protectorate, felt hampered by the Foreign Office's reluctance to allow him to mount an armed expedition against the kingdom of Benin.
		Protectorate and it was becoming a perfect disgrace that in the Protectorate...
	www.arm.arc.co.uk /britishBenin.html (1768 words)

	Chapter 9: Tribes and Their Stock
		There has been a marked drift to the towns during the recent war, and too many young people have left their stock and gardens to live in townships: but the towns are necessary market and cultural centres.
		It is noteworthy, however, that when entry into the Protectorate was invariably by ship from Aden to Berbera, there was a preponderance of Habr Yunis Musa Arreh and Habr Awal Esa Musa personal servants, and to some extent interpreters.
		There are more diseases of man and beast, and though the individual trader or raider may do will in the southern lowlands, the northern nomad and his herds seem to lose something of their hardiness and virility when they leave their healthy highland semi-desert.
	www.civicwebs.com /cwvlib/africa/somalia/1951/general_survey/chapter_9.htm (4097 words)

	The Persian Protectorate (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Life in the Persian Protectorate: The Persian Protectorate is an odd mixture of industrial factories and slapdash slices of human heritage.
		Unknown to the population of the Protectorate and the world around them the crash of the station at the nexus, combined with the still surging ley lines and wild magical energies of the Coming of the Rifts created a rip in the fabric of space and time.
		Representatives from Angrar sit on the Protectorate’s ruling council and are lobbying for Angrar to become the chief weapons provider for the nation.
	mywebpages.comcast.net /jacksonsdc/middleeast/persia.htm (1831 words)

	Falkayn.com - Member States of the Julian Protectorate
		This Vargr-majority state of the Protectorate was originally formed by Vargr escaping from the Second Empire of Gashikan, and specifically the area now encompassed by the Commonwealth of Mendan.
		The Hegemony of Lorean is the only active proponent within the Protectorate of pursuing relations with the K'kree outposts to trailing; Lorean efforts at promoting the K'kree trade have generally been met with disinterest by both the Protectorate and the K'kree.
		The Commonwealth of Mendan is the conservative voice in the Protectorate Council, urging restraint in relations with other states, and generally arguing against expansion of the Protectorate.
	www.falkayn.com /traveller/jp/states.html (2733 words)

	The Antarian Protectorate Guild of New Aurora
		Welcome to the beginning of The Antarian Protectorate guild's online mall.
		This shop will be used to help generate the funds necessary to maintain the AP website.
		Use of this web site constitutes acceptance of the Terms of Service.
	www.cafepress.com /theprotectorate (208 words)

	New Left Review - David Chandler: The Bosnian Protectorate and the Implications for Kosovo
		The Bosnian Protectorate and the Implications for Kosovo
		The international Contact Group proposals for the future of Kosovo, put forward at the Paris/Rambouillet talks, in February 1999â”advocating an international Implementations Mission in Kosovoâ”were based on the provisions of the Dayton Peace Agreement of November 1995, which ended the Bosnian conflict.
		While international armies of monitors, peacekeepers and administrators appear to be ever more necessary for Balkan stability, there is less and less of a role for the people of the region in deciding their own futures.
	www.newleftreview.net /?page=article&view=1994 (266 words)

	The Protectorate (Avengers foes) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Recognizing them as mutants with their Sentinel technology, the Protectorate deemed all of the Avengers mutants, and refused to acknowledge them as the true Avengers, as Fabian had programmed them to believe the Avengers dead.
		The Protectorate assaulted the Avengers and managed to hold their own, briefly containing them in the Ant-Man unit's cocoon.
		When Fabian realized that the Avengers were alive and that he was "the bad guy", he asked Jarvis to free him from the CPU and destroy the Protectorate's motherboard.
	www.marvunapp.com /Appendix/protectorate.htm (486 words)

	Falkayn.com - The Julian War
		The cluster is today largely sympathetic to the Protectorate, and, although Imperial domination of the cluster is complete, no attempt to revoke autonomy or to reintegrate the cluster by force has been made, largely because of the certainty of a response from the Protectorate.
		With peace between the Protectorate and the Imperium, the Protectorate's defensive alliance against the Imperium waned as a binding force between the members.
		The Imperium resorted to clandestine operations in Protectorate space, and in spite of Protectorate efforts to prevent it, most of the area had been surveyed to Imperial Class III standards by the time of the publication of the Survey, in 420.
	www.falkayn.com /traveller/jp/julwar.html (1203 words)

	East European Constitutional Review
		Albanian refugees returned home in record-breaking time and, thanks to the combined efforts of international-aid agencies and the resourcefulness of the local inhabi-tants, the reconstruction of destroyed homes has been infinitely more rapid than it was in Bosnia.
		If, however, the goals were more long-term, if the inter-national community hoped to establish a climate of internal security, the rule of law, and respect for minorities, then the operation remains a partial failure, even in the eyes of the international authorities- KFOR, the NATO-led peacekeeping force, and UNMIK, the UN administration-which run the region.
		Finally, neighboring Montenegro, under President Milo Djukanovic, oscillates between flirtations with secession (witness the adoption of the deutsche mark as a parallel currency and calls for a referendum on a confederal status) and the threat of a military coup staged by Milosevic's army.
	www.law.nyu.edu /eecr/vol9num_onehalf/special/srjacquesrupnik.html (1864 words)

	French Protectorate of Morocco (1912-1946)
		Morocco was theoretically an independent state under protectorate, with its own flag and administration, “advised” by a Resident-General.
		According to Neubecker’s Flaggenbuch [neu92], the flag with the French Tricolore in canton was the civil ensign, not the national flag.
		This is not illogical, since the French protectorates of Morocco and Tunisia were theoretically independent states which had “required” the generous protection of France (as opposed to Algeria, which was part of the French Republic and had not required anything).
	flagspot.net /flags/ma_fr.html (1347 words)

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