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Topic: Proteidae

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Mudpuppy

Plethodontidae

Ambystomatidae

Dicamptodontidae

Sirenidae

Urodela

Salamander

Cryptobranchidae

Hellbender

Scientific classification

Giant salamander

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	Proteidae
		Salamanders of the family Proteidae are permanently aquatic, and maintain throughout life the large, filamentous gills and caudal fins characteristic of larvae.
		The family Proteidae extends temporally at least to the Upper Paleocene in North America and to the Middle Miocene in Europe and Kazakhstan (Estes, 1981).
		The Proteidae is a tentative grouping of the genera Necturus and Proteus, whose status as sister taxa is still questionable.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Proteidae&contgroup=Caudata (1320 words)

	Obligation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In biology, the opposite of obligate is facultative, meaning a species is able to behave in a certain way and may do so under certain circumstances, but that it can survive without having to perform this certain behavior.
		For example, species of salamanders in the family Proteidae are obligate paedomorphs, whereas species belonging to the Ambystomatidae are facultative paedomorphs.
		This page was last modified 06:30, 23 July 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Obligation (348 words)

	Caudata
		Monophyly of each of the 10 extant salamander families is well established, with the exception of the Proteidae, a tentative grouping of two genera (Necturus and Proteus) that may not be closely related phylogenetically.
		Because the arrangement shown here is the most parsimonious tree resulting from combined analysis of 209 molecular and morphological characters, it is recommended as the best current working hypothesis.
		The phylogeny presented here indicates strongly that the salamanders that retain at least some aquatic larval characteristics throughout life (families Amphiumidae, Cryptobranchidae, Proteidae, Sirenidae and parts of the Ambystomatidae and Plethodontidae) do not form a monophyletic group.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Caudata&contgroup=Living_amphibians (1664 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The evolutionary relationships and historical diversification of a group of organisms constitute essential knowledge for understanding the group's diversity, value as a natural resource and need for conservation.
		Nine major groups of salamanders are currently recognized as taxonomic families (Ambystomatidae, Amphiumidae, Cryptobranchidae, Dicamptodontidae, Hynobiidae, Plethodontidae, Proteidae, Salamandridae and Sirenidae); earlier results of this project suggest that the Dicamptodontidae as currently recognized incorrectly groups two very different evolutionary lineages.
		The evolutionary relationships of the salamander families to each other and the relationships of the major lineages contained within each family constitute the focus of this work.
	www.cs.utexas.edu /users/yguan/NSFAbstracts/Abstracts/BIO/DEB.BIO.a9106898.txt (368 words)

	[No title]
		The family Proteidae extends temporally at least to the Upper Paleocene in North America and to the Middle Miocene in Europe and Kazakhstan (Estes, 1981).'; TEXTNOTE ID=1001 TITLE=Discussion_of_Phylogenetic_Relationships TEXT='The Proteidae is a tentative grouping of the genera Necturus and Proteus, whose status as sister taxa is still questionable.
		Parental care of eggs is by males or females.
		The diploid number of chromosomes is 38 (see Morescalchi, 1975).'; TEXTNOTE ID=2 TITLE=Classification TEXT='The family Proteidae is part of the caudate suborder Salamandroidea, which contains all of the internally-fertilizing salamanders.
	ag.arizona.edu /ENTO/tree/eukaryotes/animals/chordata/caudata/Proteidae.nex (1086 words)

	Proteidae (Gray, 1825) Mudpuppies, Waterdogs, Olms
		amphibian, salamanders, caudata, caudate, proteidae, necturus alabamensis, necturus beyeri, necturus lewisi, necturus louisianensis, necturus maculosus, nectrus punctatus, alabama waterdog, gulf coast waterdog, neuse river waterdog, red river mudpuppy, mudpuppy,dwarf waterdog, proteus, proteus anguinus, olm, the olm, neoteny
		The family Proteidae contains a small group of paedomorphic, fully aquatic salamanders, commonly referred to as waterdogs or mudpuppies, and the Olm.
		The names "mudpuppy" and "waterdog" are thought to have arisen from a myth that these species make a barking sound when disturbed.
	www.livingunderworld.org /caudata/database/proteidae (376 words)

	NSiS: Florida Wildlife - Mudpuppies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Mudpuppies (family Proteidae) live entirely in water breathing via feathery external gills.
		The Alabama Waterdog, Necturus alabamensis, is found in muddy-bottomed streams in the western panhandle.
		It has four toes on each foot and a small ridge on its tail.
	www.nsis.org /wildlife/amph/sal-mudpup.html (50 words)

	Proteidae Terms and Definitions at www.MedicalGlossary.org
		Home > Organisms > Animals > Chordata > Vertebrates > Amphibia > Urodela > Proteidae Terms and Definitions
		The Proteidae family of permanently larval aquatic salamanders.
		Necturus - A genus of the Proteidae family with five recognized species, which inhabit the Atlantic and Gulf drainages.
	www.medicalglossary.org /urodela_proteidae_definitions.html (172 words)

	IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Proteus anguinus
		Arntzen, J.W. and Sket, B. Speak of the Devil: the taxonomic status of Proteus anguinus parkelj revisited (Caudata: Proteidae).
		Sket, B. Distribution of Proteus (Amphibia: Urodela: Proteidae) and its possible explanation.
		Sket, B. and Arntzen, J.W. A fl, non-troglomorphic amphibian from the karst of Slovenia: Proteus anguinus parkelj n.
	www.iucnredlist.org /search/details.php/18377/ref (414 words)

	[No title]
		Tree of Life Proteidae - Discusses classification, characteristics and phylogeny.
		Animal Diversity Web Family Proteidae (mudpuppies and waterdogs) - Provides information on metamorphosis, habitat and distribution.
		Amphibiaweb Proteidae - Discusses appearance, distribution and morphology.
	botw.org /new/Science/02222006.cfm (2032 words)

	MavicaNET - Proteidae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Catalogue / Nature / Vie / Animaux / Amphibies (Amphibia) / Salamanders (Caudata) / Proteidae
		This file contains a systematic overview of Proteidae, featuring links to books, other pages on the web about Proteidae, pictures etc. Common names in different languages may be also available as well as a short dutch description to the taxon.
		Results of a cytological study (Sessions and Wiley, 1985) differ only in placing N. beyeri closer to N. maculosus than to N. alabamensis; the allozymic data suggest that these species approximate a three-way split and that their exact relationships are not definitively resolved.
	www.mavicanet.com /lite/fra/32576.html (175 words)

	Amphibian Species of the World - Proteidae Gray, 1825 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Class: Amphibia > Order: Urodela > Family: Proteidae
		Croat., 12: 113-120, supported monophyly of the Proteidae on the basis of 12S rDNA sequence evidence.
		Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History.
	research.amnh.org /herpetology/amphibia/references.php?id=23042 (243 words)

	Definition of proteidae - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Click here to search for another word in the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
		For More Information on "proteidae " go to Britannica.com
		Get the Top 10 Search Results for "proteidae "
	www.bonus.com /contour/merriam_webster/http@@/www.m-w.com/dictionary/proteidae (56 words)

	Proteidae - Dictionnaire Français-Anglais WordReference.com
		We found no English translation for 'Proteidae' in our French to English Dictionary.
		Or did you want to translate 'Proteidae' from English to French?
		Forum discussions with the word(s) 'Proteidae' in the title:
	www.wordreference.com /fren/Proteidae (49 words)

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