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Topic: Proteinuria

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	Proteinuria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Proteinuria (from protein and urine) means the presence of an excess of serum proteins in the urine.
		Proteinuria may be a sign of renal (kidney) damage.
		With severe proteinuria general hypoproteinemia can develop and it results in diminished oncotic pressure (ascites, edema, hydrothorax).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Proteinuria (100 words)

	Proteinuria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Research shows that the level and type of proteinuria (whether the urinary proteins are albumin only or include other proteins) strongly determine the extent of damage and whether you are at risk for developing progressive kidney failure.
		Proteinuria in a person with high blood pressure is an indicator of declining kidney function.
		Proteinuria may be a sign that your kidneys are damaged and that you are at risk for end-stage renal disease.
	kidney.niddk.nih.gov /kudiseases/pubs/proteinuria (1596 words)

	Proteinuria
		Proteinuria can be caused by changes in the size of these filtering slits or by illness that damaged the kidney and its glomeruli.
		Proteinuria may be the first sign of renal disease and control of proteinuria has been shown to help maintain kidney function.
		Individuals who develop the symptoms of proteinuria or who are told that they have abnormal amounts of protein in their urine on screening tests should have their kidney function evaluated by their physician.
	www.hmc.psu.edu /childrens/healthinfo/pq/proteinuria.htm (690 words)

	Proteinuria and Microalbuminuria - nephrologychannel
		Proteinuria is an abnormally high amount of protein in the urine.
		Orthostatic proteinuria is a disorder seen occasionally in children and young adults who leak significant amounts of urine when they are upright (orthostatic).
		Proteinuria in people with diabetes may be a sign that kidney disease is worsening.
	www.nephrologychannel.com /proteinuria (429 words)

	Asymptomatic Proteinuria
		Proteinuria means the appearance of protein in the urine.
		Proteinuria is an indicator that the kidneys are damaged in some way.
		High levels of proteinuria are always important, however proteinuria that is small in amount and comes and goes is not as significant.
	renux.dmed.ed.ac.uk /EdREN/EdRenINFObits/ProteinuriaLong.html (782 words)

	Proteinuria
		Functional proteinuria may be seen in conditions such as high fever, emotional stress, cold exposure, strenuous exercise, infection and other acute medical illnesses.
		It is characterized by proteinuria on a routine urinalysis which then disappears on repeat testing and is found in a asymptomatic, healthy person with normal renal function.
		Any patient with proteinuria which is persistent or not associated with a functional cause should have their proteinuria quantified with a 24 hour urine collection.
	www-nmcp.med.navy.mil /Nephrology/proteinuria.asp (714 words)

	Proteinuria
		Proteinuria refers to the presence of protein in the urine.
		Proteinuria is often associated with casts on the microscopic examination of urine sediment exam because protein is necessary for cast formation.
		Postural proteinuria is a condition in which protein appears in the urine in otherwise healthy people who have been standing for a period of time.
	www.rnceus.com /ua/uapro.html (553 words)

	LetsFind Search Results for proteinuria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Proteinuria is leakage of protein from the blood into the urine.
		The frequency of proteinuria was assessed in a cohort of 1848 diabetic patients attending a diabetes...
		Proteinuria describes the presence of protein in the urine...
	www.letsfind.co.uk /transform.php?Keywords=proteinuria (320 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 17, Ch. 224, Glomerular Diseases
		Proteinuria is thought to occur through functional derangement of two mechanisms: the size-selective barrier leaks large protein molecules, and the charge-selective barrier fails to retain lower mol wt proteins.
		A patient with severe proteinuria should undergo bilateral nephrectomy; dialysis should be initiated early in the disease to ameliorate nutritional deficits and mitigate failure to thrive.
		Proteinuria, diabetic background retinopathy, hypertension, and a history of diabetes mellitus for >; 10 years suggest the diagnosis.
	www.merck.com /pubs/mmanual/section17/chapter224/224c.htm (4867 words)

	Virtual Naval Hospital: General Medical Officer Manual: Clinical Section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Although the prevalence of proteinuria on routine screening of healthy individuals has been as high as 3.5 percent, the incidence of renal disease in this population is very low.
		It is clear that the discovery of proteinuria necessitates a thorough evaluation to separate these healthy individuals from those with significant renal disease.
		It is characterized by proteinuria on a routine urinalysis that disappears on repeat testing and is found in asymptomatic, healthy individuals with normal renal function.
	www.vnh.org /GMO/ClinicalSection/104Proteinuria.html (640 words)

	Proteinuria - PetPlace.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Proteinuria is the presence of excessive protein in the urine, released from the glomerulus, the filtering unit of the kidney.
		Animals with glomerular proteinuria are described as having glomerulonephritis or a glomerulonephropathy.
		For the treatment of proteinuria, the rationale is to decrease the magnitude of urinary protein loss by feeding a moderately restricted protein diet.
	www.petplace.com /articles/artshow.asp?artID=4040 (577 words)

	CKD Update: Testing for Proteinuria: Time for a Change
		Proteinuria that results from glomerular injury is predominantly albumin, which has a molecular weight that is just above that of the glomerular ultafiltration barrier and constitutes the major component of plasma proteins that leak into urine.
		Other types of proteinuria, tubular or overflow, are less common and have not been shown to be associated with cardiovascular outcomes that have come to be associated with glomerular proteinuria, an indicator of microvascular injury.
		For the quantification of proteinuria, there is now convincing evidence that the urine protein to creatinine or albumin to creatinine ratio in a spot urine sample accurately predicts the level of protein excretion.
	www.imakenews.com /ckdupdate/e_article000125540.cfm (989 words)

	Proteinuria
		If this is positive, the diagnosis of orthostatic proteinuria may be made.
		Ahmed Z and Lee J. Asymptomatic Urinary Abnormalities: Hematuria and Proteinuria.
		Evaluation of Hematuria, Proteinuria and Hypertension in Adolescents.
	pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu /proteinuria.html (367 words)

	Proteinuria
		Proteinuria may be a sign that your kidneys...
		Proteinuria is the name of a medical condition...condition such as orthostatic proteinuria (see below).
		Proteinuria is thought to occur through...biochemical consequences of severe proteinuria are the main clinical problem...initial urinalysis shows marked proteinuria > 2 g/m 2/day or a random...
	www.health-nexus.com /proteinuria.htm (347 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 17, Ch. 224, Glomerular Diseases
		Mild proteinuria (< 1 g/day) is typical, but NS can develop in <= 20% of patients who have IgA nephropathy.
		Older age at onset of disease, hypertension, persistent severe proteinuria, absence of recurrent macroscopic hematuria, elevated serum creatinine levels, and advanced glomerular sclerosis or crescent formation and tubulointerstitial disease are unfavorable prognostic findings.
		Throughout the syndrome's course, gross hematuria (rarely) and proteinuria may recur, possibly representing progressive IgA nephropathy or other types of idiopathic renal hematuria, flare-ups of a slowly progressive illness, or unrelated episodes of acute nephritic syndrome.
	www.merck.com /pubs/mmanual/section17/chapter224/224b.htm (3656 words)

	Proteinuria
		Proteinuria has also been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease.
		Proteinuria in people with high blood pressure is an indicator of declining kidney function.
		People who have high blood pressure and proteinuria but not diabetes may also benefit from taking an ACE inhibitor or ARB.
	aaaaq.com /kidney_urologic/proteinuria (1537 words)

	Increased Risk of Proteinuria among a Cohort of Lead-exposed Pregnant Women
		Proteinuria was trichotomized as none, trace, and >=1+, representing a modification of the recommendations of the Committee of Terminology of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (29,30).
		For trace proteinuria, the estimated adjusted log odds was 1.2 (95% CI 0.8, 1.6) per log unit increase in BPb.
		Low-molecular-weight proteinuria would indicate damage to the proximal renal tubules, associated with the early stages of lead nephropathy, whereas proteinuria consisting of high-molecular-weight molecules would indicate increased glomerular permeability, indicative of later-stage lead nephropathy (23,24).
	ehp.niehs.nih.gov /members/1993/101-5/factor-full.html (3143 words)

	Proteinuria in Children -- familydoctor.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Proteinuria is the name of a medical condition.
		The word orthostatic means "upright." The condition is called "orthostatic proteinuria" because protein goes into the urine only when the child is in the upright position (standing up).
		If your child has orthostatic proteinuria, the morning sample won't have protein in it, but the urine collected during the day will have protein in it.
	familydoctor.org /329.xml (1032 words)

	Blood Pressure Control, Proteinuria, and the Progression of Renal Disease.: \\\The Modification of Diet in ...
		Greater baseline proteinuria is associated with steeper mean glomerular filtration rate decline and with a greater benefit from the low blood pressure goal (P equals 0.02 in study A; P equals 0.01 in study B).
		Three hundred five patients had baseline proteinuria of 0 to 0.25 g/d (mean, 0.08 g/d); 120 had baseline proteinuria of 0.25 to 1.0 g/d (mean, 0.58 g/d); 105 had baseline proteinuria of 1.0 to 3.0 g/d (mean, 1.8 g/day); and 55 had baseline proteinuria of 3 g/d or more (mean, 4.8 g/d).
		Three hundred five patients had baseline proteinuria of 0 to 0.25 g/d (mean, 0.08 g/d); 120 had baseline proteinuria of 0.25 to 1.0 g/d (mean, 0.58 g/d); 105 had baseline proteinuria of 1.0 to 3.0 g/d (mean, 1.8 g/d); and 55 had baseline proteinuria of 3.0 g/d or more (mean, 4.8 g/d).
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/123/10/754 (7420 words)

	eMJA: The clinical utility of routine urinalysis in pregnancy: a prospective study
		If proteinuria was detected (≥ 1+ protein), the specimen was sent to the laboratory for a spot protein/creatinine ratio3 and, if a urinary tract infection was suspected (based on either clinical symptoms or the presence of nitrites and leukocytes on dipstick urinalysis), microscopic examination and culture were performed.
		Thus, 24 women, who did not have proteinuria at their first visit, developed pre-eclampsia: six had proteinuria diagnosed before the development of hypertension, six had proteinuria identified at the same time as hypertension was diagnosed, and the remaining 12 women developed proteinuria after the diagnosis of hypertension (Box 1).
		The detection of proteinuria may mean more intense clinical supervision; however, it is unlikely that cessation of routine urinalysis would have jeopardised the outcomes in these six women.
	www.mja.com.au /public/issues/177_09_041102/mur10814_fm.html (2768 words)

	Improvement of Lipid Abnormalities Associated With Proteinuria Using Fosinopril, an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme ...
		Diabetic nephropathy was diagnosed when overt proteinuria was
		the reduction in proteinuria that occurred in the fosinopril
		Davies RW, Staprans I, Hutchison FN, Kaysen GA. Proteinuria, not altered albumin metabolism, affects hyperlipidemia in the nephrotic rat.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/118/4/246 (5593 words)

	proteinuria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Proteinuria is an early manifestation of sickle nephropathy, but the prevalence of proteinuria and its clinical correlations in children with SCD are unknown.
		The proteinuria was sustained during the first and second renal biopsies in all but two of the patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome who experienced transient remission.
		Orthostatic proteinuria is a benign condition characterized by the presence of protein in urine samples collected in the upright position during the day and its absence in samples collected in the supine position.
	www.up.ac.za /asservices/ais/med/protein.htm (9030 words)

	Introduction: Proteinuria - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Researching symptoms of Proteinuria: Further information about the symptoms of Proteinuria is available including a list of symptoms of Proteinuria, or alternatively return to research other symptoms in the symptom center.
		Treatments for Proteinuria: Various information is available about treatments available for Proteinuria, prevention of Proteinuria, or research treatments for other diseases.
		Statistics and Proteinuria: Various sources and calculations are available in statistics about Proteinuria, and you can also research other medical statistics in our statistics center.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /p/proteinuria/intro.htm (249 words)

	Overload proteinuria is followed by salt-sensitive hypertension caused by renal infiltration of immune cells -- Alvarez ...
		Overload proteinuria is followed by salt-sensitive hypertension caused by renal infiltration of immune cells -- Alvarez et al.
		Proteinuria may be induced by the administration of BSA, ovalbumin, or homologous (rat) serum albumin.
		Proteinuria decreased after protein overload and reached normal levels 4 wk after discontinuation of BSA injections.
	ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/283/5/F1132 (5722 words)

	UK NKF - Kidney Disease
		The size and shape of the kidneys will be measured in the X-ray department with an ultrasound (sound wave) scan, or an IVU (X-rays of the kidneys after an injection).
		Sometimes, to make a firm diagnosis of the cause of proteinuria, it is necessary to perform a kidney biopsy.
		Many people with proteinuria turn out to have minor kidney disease with no problems in the long term, but some kidney disease can progress to kidney failure.
	www.kidney.org.uk /Medical-Info/kidney-disease/proturia.html (977 words)

	Diabetes Monitor - management of chronic kidney disease and pre-ESRD in the primary care setting
		This guideline applies to patients presenting with proteinuria or elevated serum creatinine and to patients being followed for chronic renal disease.
		The degree of proteinuria further defines the cause of the persistent elevated creatinine and/or the cause of the abnormal proteinuria.
		Evidence of kidney abnormalities (elevated serum creatinine, proteinuria and/or hematuria) in HIV infected individuals should prompt early evaluation by the nephrologist.
	www.diabetesmonitor.com /b251.htm (7668 words)

	CTF Full Text Review: Dipstick Proteinuria Screening and Renal Disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Sensitivity and specificity for proteinuria is between 95 and 99%, the latter reported in the laboratory setting.
		All patients who had persistent non-orthostatic proteinuria were designated as having "possibly significant renal disease" for the purpose of this review in order to give an overestimate of those with underlying renal disease at risk for developing ESRD.
		Proteinuria in these clinical settings is likely not benign – a re-analysis of data from the Framingham study has demonstrated that dipstick positive proteinuria was associated with a higher mortality risk from cardiovascular disease.
	www.ctfphc.org /Full_Text/Ch38full.htm (1605 words)

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