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Topic: Prothonotary Warbler

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	Prothonotary Warbler — Birdhouse Network
		Prothonotary Warblers are frequently parasitized by the Brown-headed Cowbird.
		Prothonotary Warblers migrate to parts of Central and South America and the West Indies.
		Prothonotaries roost communally on the wintering ground, and pair bonds between males and females persist.
	www.birds.cornell.edu /birdhouse/bios/sp_accts/prwa (908 words)

	Prothonotary Warbler
		As in many passerine birds, the plumage of the female Prothonotary Warbler is similar to the male’s, albeit less bright and less orange.
		On their return to their breeding grounds, Prothonotary Warblers arrive in the vicinity of the Gulf of Mexico around late March to early April, rarely as early as late February.
		These warblers may be declining in some areas due to the combined effects of parasitism, habitat destruction, and competition with other species for nest sites.
	www.shawcreekbirdsupply.com /prothonotary_warbler_info.htm (870 words)

	Wildlife Mississippi Magazine Spring/Summer 2001 Species Profile
		This bird is the Prothonotary Warbler, one of two wood warblers found in the United States that nest in the cavities of trees.
		The Prothonotary Warbler is a small neotropical migratory bird, reaching approximately 5 inches in length.
		The preferred habitat of the Prothonotary Warbler is wooded swampy areas and forested bottomlands near slow moving or standing water.
	www.wildlifemiss.org /magazine/ss01/species.html (499 words)

	The Prothonotary Warbler in Canada: On the Road to Recovery? – Canadian Wildlife Service, Ontario Region
		The Prothonotary Warbler is the quintessential “Carolinian” species, breeding throughout the eastern U.S. and north to southwestern Ontario.
		Prothonotaries have been known to use some pretty strange nesting sites, including a tool box, the pocket of an old coat, a paper sack, a coffee can, a tin pail, a mail box, a box on a moving ferry, a Chinese lantern, an old hornet’s nest, a glass jar, and a tea cup.
		The goals of the plan are to ensure that the Prothonotary Warbler does not become extirpated in Canada, and to increase the population to at least 25 mated pairs.
	www.on.ec.gc.ca /wildlife/factsheets/fs_pro_warbler-e.html (3085 words)

	The Prothonotary Warbler in Canada
		The Prothonotary Warbler may be confused with the Yellow Warbler, which is almost all yellow, with rusty streaks on its breast.
		Simply put, the goals of the plan is to ensure that the Prothonotary Warbler does not become extirpated in Canada, and to increase the population to at least 20 mated pairs by the end of 2001.
		The Prothonotary Warbler is one of the most beautiful of all songbirds, and is understandably much sought after by birders and wildlife photographers.
	www.bsc-eoc.org /prowmain.html (3344 words)

	Audubon WatchList - Prothonotary Warbler
		Prothonotary Warblers can be found nesting across much of the eastern United States, ranging from Florida and eastern Texas north to Wisconsin, western New York, and northern New Jersey.
		Prothonotary Warblers eat mostly insects and snails during the breeding season; the bulk of the food taken includes caterpillars, flies, midges, spiders, and mayflies.
		Destruction of mangroves on Prothonotary Warblers' wintering grounds is probably the greatest threat to these birds; coastal development, highway construction, agriculture, and aquaculture have eliminated 50 to 70% of the original mangroves in Colombia and Ecuador.
	audubon2.org /webapp/watchlist/viewSpecies.jsp?id=165 (898 words)

	Prothonotary Warbler Species Account - Florida Breeding Bird Atlas
		Called the Golden Swamp Warbler by John James Audubon, the Prothonotary Warbler is a familiar breeder in forested wetlands of the eastern United States from Minnesota to south Florida.
		In Florida the Prothonotary Warbler is common throughout the Panhandle and the northern peninsula and is becoming increasingly less common southward.
		During the breeding season, the Prothonotary Warbler is restricted to cypress swamps, flooded river bottoms, and deciduous woodlands near slow-moving or standing water.
	myfwc.com /bba/POWA.htm (344 words)

	THE PROTHONOTARY WARBLER AT LAKE OKOBOJI, IOWA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		TIlE PROTHONOTARY WARBLER 111 The head, throat, and breast appeared to be a bright lemon yellow (the orange tinge was not noticeable at this distance); the wings and tail were dark, the former appearing to have a distinctly bluish east.
		THE PROTHONOTARY WARBLER 113 I was very evident from the old bird's actions that she was twing to coax the young one out of the nest.
		The distribution of the Prothonotary Warbler in Iowa does not seem to be fully known.
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/Wilson/v026n03/p0109-p0116.html (3167 words)

	Georgia Wildlife Web Site; birds: Protonotaria citrea
		The Prothonotary Warbler moves among the lower branches of trees and shrubs searching for prey among the leaves and in rotten wood.
		During the breeding season, the Prothonotary Warbler occurs in appropriate habitat through most of Georgia, except in the mountainous regions.
		Prothonotary Warbler populations have declined in some areas because of the drainage of bottomland hardwood forests and elimination of floodplain forests.
	museum.nhm.uga.edu /gawildlife/birds/passeriformes/pcitrea.html (506 words)

	WARBLER HOUSES & PROTHONOTARY WARBLERS - Providing a warbler house for the only warbler that nests in a manmade ...
		The other is Lucy's Warbler of the Southwest, and it is not known to live in artificial habitats.
		The Prothonotary Warbler is a user of birdhouses, and a pair will even use one to raise more than one brood in a year.
		During the peak of the breeding season, many warblers, including this one, may be seen bursting into the air, and fluttering about singing a canary-like song.
	www.coveside.com /merchant/warblers.html (311 words)

	Prothonotary Warbler
		It was the fourth most-frequently confirmed of the 19 warblers recorded during the Atlas Project.
		Although it is generally easier to confirm the breeding of cavity nesters, Prothonotary Warbler nest sites are often situated in swamps and lakes and are difficult to approach.
		Prothonotary Warblers are considered a frequent host of Brown-headed Cowbird Eggs: and young according to Ehrlich et al.
	mdc.mo.gov /nathis/birds/birdatlas/maintext/0400339.htm (430 words)

	Prothonotary Warbler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria citrea) is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.
		The Prothonotary Warbler is 13 cm long and weighs 12.5 g.
		The preferred foraging habitat is dense, woody streams, where the Prothonotary Warbler forages actively in low foliage, mainly for insects and snails.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Prothonotary_Warbler (283 words)

	The Prothonotary Warbler
		The Prothonotary Warbler has a breeding range that extends from the mid-Atlantic coast south to northern Florida, and then west to eastern Texas and Oklahoma.
		Prothonotarys like wooded swamps, flooded bottomland forest, and riparian corridors along streams with lots of willows, maples, ash, fl oak, cypress, gum or tupelo trees.
		The name of Protonotaria citrea (the Prothonotary Warbler) was given to it by early French trappers and pirates in what is now Louisiana.
	www.birdingamerica.com /Maryland/Prothonotary.htm (176 words)

	Birds: The Prothonotary or Golden Swamp Warbler
		Golden Swamp Warbler is one of the very handsomest of American birds, being noted for the pureness and mellowness of its plumage.
		Baird notes that the habits of this beautiful and interesting warbler were formerly little known, its geographical distribution being somewhat irregular and over a narrow range.
		It is found in the West Indies and Central America as a migrant, and in the southern region of the United States.
	www.birdnature.com /may1897/prothon.html (394 words)

	VCU Rice Center – Long-term Studies of the Prothonotary Warbler Along the Lower James River
		Cathy Viverette, research associate at VCU, with the assistance of a dedicated group of faculty, students and volunteers, is continuing the work of Charles Blem, Ph.D., ornithologist and ecologist from the VCU Department of Biology (retired) on the breeding biology of Prothonotary Warblers along the lower James River.
		Once known as the Golden Swamp Warbler due to its striking yellow color and preference for flooded forests, the Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria citrea) is a Neotropical migrant songbird that breeds throughout the eastern U.S. and southern Canada.
		The Prothonotary Warbler is the only eastern warbler to nest in tree cavities.
	www.vcu.edu /rice/research/research-warbler.html (356 words)

	Prothonotary Warblers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		This is the 2nd year that a pair of Prothonotary warblers have ignored bluebird houses to nest in a wooden butterfly shelter.
		Prothonotary Warblers nest in small cavities in trees that are located in water.
		One bird that wrecks havoc with the Prothonotary warblers is the House wrens.
	www.bestofbbml.audubon-omaha.org /prothonotary.htm (6464 words)

	All About Birds
		A brilliant yellow-orange bird of southeastern wooded swamps, the Prothonotary Warbler is a striking sight.
		The Prothonotary Warbler is one of only two warbler species that breed in holes.
		The name "Prothonotary" refers to clerks in the Roman Catholic church, whose robes were bright yellow.
	www.birds.cornell.edu /programs/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Prothonotary_Warbler.html (136 words)

	THE OTTER SIDE - New World Wood-Warbler Images (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Prothonotary Warblers breed throughout the eastern US in woodlands near streams or surrounded by water.
		This Prothonotary Warbler was photographed at at the Willows, Anahuac NWR, TX.
		This Swainson's Warbler was photographed in spring at an arboretum along the central New Jersey coast.
	www.otterside.com /htmfiles/warbler9.htm (336 words)

	Spring Warbler
		The Blackpoll Warbler is the king of migrant warblers.
		Once called the Golden Swamp Warbler for its color and its preference for swampy habitats, this species is unusual among warblers for its habit of nesting in tree cavities.
		The Golden-winged Warbler is closely related to and often interbreeds with the Blue-winged Warbler, producing the dominant Brewster’s and the recessive Lawrence’s Warbler.
	www.wbu.com /chipperwoods/photos/spwarb.htm (829 words)

	Coveside Warbler Houses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The borders of creeks and rivers seem to be their favorite nesting places, but nesting over still water is not uncommon. Their nests are close to the ground.
		The Prothonotary Warbler's range covers most of the southeastern states, north to Minnesota, Michigan and New York. It appears occasionally in New England in the spring and during migration periods may appear anyplace coast to coast.
		Cowbirds, which lay their eggs in other species' nests for the other birds to incubate and raise the young, frequently parasitize the nests of Prothonotary Warblers. The small entrance hole size of this house will discourage this practice by cowbirds, which are larger birds.
	www.abirdshome.com /covesidewarblerhouses.html (347 words)

	Prothonotary - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The word prothonotary is recorded in English since 1447, as "principal clerk of a court," from L.L. prothonotarius (c.400), from Greek protonotarios "first scribe," originally the recorder of the court of the Byzantine empire, from Greek πρῶτος protos "first" + Latin notarius (see notary); the -h- appeared in Medieval Latin.
		The prothonotary is the chief court clerk in certain courts of law in certain Anglo-American jurisdictions, including the American states of Pennsylvania and Delaware, the Federal Court of Canada, the Canadian provinces of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, and the Supreme Courts of the Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria.
		U.S. President Harry S. Truman was introduced to a prothonotary during a campaign stop in Pittsburgh in 1948.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Prothonotary (458 words)

	Warbler Watch: Warbler Identification Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Warblers are active little songsters whose plumages include dramatic combinations of blues, yellows, chestnut, orange, gray, and rich greens.
		Warblers occur in virtually all habitats throughout North America, from dry shrubby fields to wet, bottomland forests.
		To view warbler images, listen to their songs, and learn more about their distribution, use the pull-down menu (below) to select a warbler, and click on the go button.
	www.birdsource.org /warblers/idguide.html (101 words)

	Nearctica - Natural History - Birds of Eastern North America - Warblers - Prothonotary Warbler
		Breeding Male: The head and underside of the Prothonotary Warbler is yellow-orange.
		Behavior: The Prothonotary Warbler is a very active bird and is rarely seen far from water.
		Reproduction: The Prothonotary Warbler nests in tree holes, birdhouses, or other man-made equivalents.
	www.nearctica.com /birds/warbler/Pcitrea.htm (279 words)

	Birds of Nova Scotia - Prothonotary Warbler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The rest have been reverse fall migrants, between 10 August and 28 October, with 12 birds in August,14 in September and 7 in October.
		Remarks This is a brilliantly costumed, golden-yellow warbler with blue-gray wings without wing bars.
		It nests north to northern New Jersey, central New York State and southern Ontario, and its conspicuousness probably contributes to its relatively frequent detection as a vagrant.
	museum.gov.ns.ca /mnh/nature/nsbirds/bns0334.htm (190 words)

	Prothonotary Warbler 2 (TX) — Birdhouse Network
		Prothonotary warbler clutches usually range from 3 to 5 eggs.
		Prothonotary warbler nests are unique among cavity-nesting species in that they contain a lot of moss, which may enhance hatching success.
		June 9 - The prothonotary warblers are making progress on their nest.
	www.birds.cornell.edu /birdhouse/nestboxcam/06_archives/pro_warb_tx (517 words)

	Prothonotary Warbler nest eggs etc.
		The Prothonotary Warbler or Golden Swamp Warbler (Protonotaria citrea) or PROW is the only cavity nesting warbler in the eastern U.S. and southwestern Canada.
		See Prothonotary Warbler Habitat and Diet, nest and egg ID, nest site, nestboxes, nestbox placement, nesting timetable, problems, monitoring, and resources.
		Destruction and degradation of breeding and wintering areas and competition from other birds threaten the warbler's population, which is declining.
	www.sialis.org /prow.htm (1144 words)

	Robert Bateman - Prothonotary Warbler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		It is leaping now, a little bit, as I write this, thousands of miles away from prothonotary territory.
		This is because it brings me back to some of the most joyous times of my life...birding with friends along the north shore of Lake Erie in the middle of May.
		But the little bird that carries the most weight with me is the prothonotary warbler.
	www.swoyersart.com /robert_bateman/prothonotary_warbler.htm (284 words)

	Latest 5/22/05 - Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Image # 20359 : Latest 5/22/05 - Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea - Nikkor VR 80-400mm lens with a Nikon D100.
		Image # 20403 : Latest 5/22/05 - Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea - Nikkor VR 80-400mm lens with a Nikon D100.
		Image # 20396 : Latest 5/22/05 - Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea - Nikkor VR 80-400mm lens with a Nikon D100.
	www.1000birds.com /latest20050522PW.htm (115 words)

	Eagle-Eye Tours Point Pelee, Algonquin & Kirkland's Warbler
		Warbler, a young jack-pine specialist that breeds in central Michigan, and finally we look for Boreal Chickadee, Spruce Grouse, Black-backed Woodpecker and other northern specialties in Algonquin Park while keeping an eye out for moose, otter, maybe even wolf!
		The endangered Kirtland's Warbler is found only in central Michigan, specifically in young Jack Pine stands.
		The Kirtland's Warbler is currently enjoying a population increase which will further help our chances of fine viewing.
	www.eagle-eye.com /Locations/PointPelee.html (1424 words)

	Prothonotary Swamp-Warbler
		It often perches upon the rank grasses and water plants, in quest of minute molluscous animals which creep upon them, and which, together with small land snails, I have found in its stomach.
		It does not, perform sorties, or sally forth after flying insects, as many other Warblers are in the habit of doing.
		It has a few notes for its song, which possess no interest.
	www.audubon.org /bird/BoA/F8_G4c.html (745 words)

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