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Topic: Proto Italic

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Italic languages

italic type

Old Italic alphabets

italicizing or bolding

Italic Romans

Italic family

Proto Italic

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	Italic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hypothetical distribution of languages in Iron Age Italy, 6th century BC The Italic subfamily is a member of the Centum branch of the Indo-European language family.
		The Italic speakers were not native to Italy, but migrated into the Italian Peninsula in the course of the 2nd millennium BC, and may have been originally an offshoot of the Celts.
		The Italic languages are first attested in writing from Umbrian and Faliscan inscriptions dating to the 7th century BC.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Italic_languages (396 words)

	Indo-European languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Italic languages, including Latin and its descendants (the Romance languages), attested from the 7th century BC.
		The Satem-Centum isogloss runs right between the Greek (Centum) and Armenian (Satem) languages (which a number of scholars regard as closely related), with Greek exhibiting some marginal Satem features.
		Genesis of the Greek and Old Italic alphabets.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Indo-European_languages (2229 words)

	Classification of the Languages
		Medial vowels tended to be dropped in the later phases of the language: e.g.
		The Italic languages are all descended from a hypothetical single language, Proto-Italic, which in turn is but one member of the Indo-European language family.
		This group had a good number of members in ancient Italy; in fact, Italic languages were spoken in most of the peninsula.
	www.evolpub.com /LCA/VTLfacts.html (1322 words)

	Languages
		According to the reconstruction of the Italian scholar G. Devoto, this is a second IE wave, besides the Osco-Umbrian or Eastern Italic, to have crossed the whole peninsula.
		The name "Western Italic" is actually given by Devoto to the branch that I prefer to call "Liguro-Sicanian", to which he includes the language of the Siculi.
		The placenames of this branch can be distinguished from the Eastern Italic or Osco-Umbrian ones because the IE aspirated voiced remain as unaspirated voiced in the middle of the word, while become f in the beginning.
	xoomer.virgilio.it /asciatopo/languages.html (1831 words)

	Runic alphabet - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The most likely candidates for the origins of runic scripts are the 5th to 1st century BC Northern Italic alphabets, Lepontic, Rhaetic and Venetic, all closely related to each other and themselves descended from the Old Italic alphabet.
		The Northern Italic alphabet is usually quoted as a candidate for the origin of the runes.
		Their angular shapes are generally interpreted as an adaptation to the practice of carving in wood (rather than writing with a reed or a brush).
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Rune (3168 words)

	The Paleolithic Indo-Europeans, 3
		At this time, Latin -- the ancestor of all the modern Italic languages -- was still native only to Italy, while the Germanic languages were restricted to northern Germany and Scandinavia.
		The separation of these three language families may have become final as a result of their various migrations, but it must have begun some thousands of years earlier, when they were isolated from one another during the Last Glacial Maximum.
		Italic would have been cut off first by the glaciation of the Alps -- presumably before 20,000 BC, since the Solutrean culture never reached Italy.
	www.panshin.com /trogholm/wonder/indoeuropean/indoeuropean3.html (2454 words)

	Latium
		It can also be related, as a their (Proto-)Latin counterpart, with Eastern Italic names like Corfinium and Cerfennia (Samnium), for which a derivation from the IE root *(s)kerbh- 'to turn, curve' is an alternative explaination to what written in the Samnium page.
		Etymology: The name is likely related to an Italic appellative derived from the IE root *aidh- 'to burn' and thus meaning 'burned (clearance in the wood)' or similar.
		It is likely an Eastern Italic word for 'piece of land', derived from the IE root (s)ter- 'stiff, solid' or, less likely for phonetic reasons, from ters- 'dry, thirst' like the Latin terra 'earth, land'.
	digilander.libero.it /toponomastica/latium.html (6360 words)

	..:: LES DRUIDES DU QUéBEC /\|\ ::..
		Venetic speakers are often confused with Italics, or Illyrians, but even though closely related to these groups, they evidently formed a family of their own.
		True that the Italic and Celtic languages were still close enough to be understood by one another.
		Although distantly related to Iranian and Indic, they were closer related to the Celtic and Italic languages with with they form a branch of their own.
	www.angelfire.com /folk/boutios/timeline.html (3530 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Italic languages — including Latin and its descendants, the Romance languages, attested from the 1st millennium BC.
		Thus, geographically, the "eastern" languages are Satem (Indo-Iranian, Balto-Slavic, but not including Tocharian and Anatolian), and the "western" languages are Centum (Germanic, Italic, Celtic).
		The Satem-Centum isogloss runs right between the Greek (Centum) and Armenian (Satem) languages (thought to be related by a number of scholars), with Greek exhibiting some marginal Satem features.
	koz.vianet.ca /boshist6.htm (1662 words)

	A Comparative Latin Grammar - www.ezboard.com
		In the 12th century BC, the first wave of Italic population arrived to the Apennine peninsula.
		Anyway, the Latino-Faliscan subgroup of Italic is often considered as an ancient one.
		Italic tribes were the first who lost their original tongues and picked up Latin; then Gauls, Etruscans, and many other tribes of ancient Europe took it up.
	pub18.ezboard.com /fbalkansfrm53.showMessage?topicID=49.topic (5015 words)

	Indo-European Proto-Dialects: an article by Cyril Babaev
		But sooner it became clear that we cannot judge about the Proto-IE dialects on the basis of the modern geographical distribution of the groups, neither basing on the ancient geography.
		Both Tocharic languages (Tocharic A or Agnean, Tocharic B or Kushitian) demonstrate the number of forms and etyiomologies different from its neighbours Celtic, Italic, Illyrian languages.
		But certainly the number of such realtive stems in Tocharic and Celtic, Tocharic and Italic are much more numerous and reflect not just timely contacts, but the common past.
	indoeuro.bizland.com /archive/article13.html (2180 words)

	Little Humankind's History
		Italic languages, that lead to suppose that there was once a proto-Italic that might have been spoken around -1200.
		These were expelled by the Umbri [Italics], these again by the Etrurians, and these in their turn by the Gauls.
		by the Osci [Italic tribe], the Greeks, the Umbri [Italic tribe], the Tusci [Etruscans, -VI Century], and the Campani [Italic tribe].
	www.lhhpaleo.religionstatistics.net /LHHitalia.html (13985 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2000.11.08
		This work touchingly considers itself (9, 12) to be the third volume of a once-envisioned handbook of the Italic dialects begun by Emil Vetter's text-collection of 1953 (which included, however, Faliscan and dialectal Latin as well); indeed, JU's dissertation of 1954 was the beginning of the present volume.
		Physically, the difference between the two volumes could not be greater, the first being small and of flimsily bound post-war paper with tiny margins, whereas this large, sturdily sewn volume leaves plenty of space for marginal notes on its acid-free pages -- a healthy typographical reaction to Vetter's crammed pages.
		Although it is a delight to see the entire Italic material neatly arrayed before one, the presentation of large paradigms (see e.g.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2000/2000-11-08.html (1706 words)

	Straight Dope Staff Report: Many English words have Latin roots, but what are the roots of Latin?
		Old Latin didn't come from nothing either, but the language it and the other Italic languages descended from (called proto-Italic) was never written down.
		Linguists have had to reconstruct this language from clues found in Old Latin and the other Italic languages that were once spoken (and written) in Italy, such as Oscan, Umbrian, Sabine, and Faliscan.
		Many of these are things associated with the countryside, where the other Italic languages persisted the longest: asinus ("donkey"), caseus ("cheese"), bos ("ox"), and lupus ("wolf").
	www.straightdope.com /mailbag/mlatinroot.html (1830 words)

	Proto-Indo-European verbs conjugation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		These dialects, carried by migrating tribes to Europe and Asia, developed in time into separate languages, a number of which have left written records of their various stages.
		The well-attested languages of the Indo-European family fall fairly neatly into the following 10 main branches: Albanian, Anatolian, Armenian, Balto-Slavic, Celtic, Germanic, Greek, Indo-Iranian, Italic and Tocharian.
		By comparing the recorded Indo-European languages, especially the most ancient ones, much of the parent language from which they are descended can be reconstructed.
	www.verbix.com /languages/proto-indo-european.shtml (153 words)

	INDOEUROPEAN EVOLUTION
		This is another commonality, then, between the Italic family and the Celtic family.
		For the genitive singular of nouns, we have Greek, Armenian, and Indo-Iranian (Sanskrit) using -osyo, Slavic (OCS) and Baltic (Lithuanian) using -ó, Baltic and Germanic (Gothic) using -eso, and Celtic (OIR) and Italic (Latin) using -í.
		Later, the Celtic and Italic languages split off, followed by Greek and proto-Armenian.
	www.ship.edu /~cgboeree/indoeuropean.html (2134 words)

	More on Historical Linguistics
		Germanic and Latin (more precisely, Proto-Italic, the ancestor of Latin and a few of its neighbors) are themselves related, being co-descended from Proto-Indo-European, spoken perhaps 5000 years ago.
		Scholars have reconstructed Proto-Indo-European on the basis of data from its ten daughter branches, which are: Germanic, Italic, Celtic, Greek, Baltic, Slavic, Albanian, Armenian, Indo-Iranian, and the two dead branches Tocharian and Anatolian.
		The comparative method is used to distinguish true linguistic descent - that is, the passing of a language from parents to children, down through the generations - from accidental resemblance due to cultural contact.
	www.artilifes.com /historical-linguistics.htm (1270 words)

	IELan8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Two other closely related Indo-European languages, Oscan and Umbrian, were long taken to be Italic as well (that is, Latin and Osco-Umbrian all were thought to derive from proto-Italic).
		Another Indo-European language, Venetic, is seen by some as Italic, but by others as Germanic, and yet others see it as an independent Indo-European subgroup.
		A language of the southern peninsula attested to in inscriptions from the sixth to the first centuries BCE, Messapic, is Indo-European but apparently not Italic.
	www.unlv.edu /faculty/jmstitt/Eng480/IndoEuropean/IEL8/IEL8.html (293 words)

	Initial mutations in Indo-European languages: an article by Cyril Babaev
		The other mutation is even more interesting, for it has strange and mysterious analogues in Baltic, Slavic and Italic languages.
		The first one is concerned the word lacrima (a tear) that obviously comes from Italic *dacerma.
		We know that Italic languages suffered significant phonetic changes due to pre-Indo-European population of Italy, especially this influenced Umbrian, Picene and Volscian.
	indoeuro.bizland.com /archive/article6.html (2036 words)

	Proto-Italic
		Proto-Italic refers to the putative ancestor of the Italic language family, or to our reconstruction of it.
		The family comprises the Romance group, Oscan, Umbrian, Paelignian, Marsian, Marrucinian, Vestinian and Volscian; but there is also evidence of "Pre-Italic" speech-forms spoken in Italy which may have some more distant connection with the family: Ligurian,
		Celtic), Raetic, Venetic, Messapic, Sicel/Siculan and East Italic.
	www.chiark.greenend.org.uk /~marisal/ie/italic.html (74 words)

	The Truth Behind Rumulus And Remus! - Ancient Roman Empire Forums
		In the original story, according to reconstructed PIE theories, the first twin called Man sacrificed and carved up his brother Yemos (Twin) to produce mankind.
		The Italic offshoots of the PIE people changed the story a little bit — Romulus (little Rome) kills Remus (twin) in the dual over the founding of the city of the seven hills.
		Later a separate legend regarding Aeneas and survivors of the Trojan War was added as a prelude.
	www.unrv.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=1749&st=0 (479 words)

	Wikiwyg - Turn any HTML div into a wysiwyg and wikitext edit area.
		Wikiwyg is a Javascript library that can be easily integrated into any wiki or blog software.
		It takes two string arguments: the name of the new class, and optionally the name of the parent class.
		proto = new Subclass('Wikiwyg.Wikitext.Mine', 'Wikiwyg.Wikitext'); proto.markupRules = { bold: ['bound_phrase', "'''", "'''"], italic: ['bound_phrase', "''", "''"] }; proto.enableThis = function() { this.superfunc('enableThis').call(this); // Call the base enableThis this.textarea.height = '400px'; // alert(this.classname + ' is all set up!'); }
	www.wikiwyg.net /download/bleed/doc/html/Wikiwyg.html (974 words)

	GR Burgess's Old Norse Page
		Here is a chart of words from Italic languages compared to Germanic languages.
		So Germanic Old English was beaten by Germanic peoples who had switched to an Italic language.
		Well, it took awhile, but eventually English reasserted itself as the language spoken in England, but in recovering, it had to borrow a huge number of words from French, changing it so much that it is now known as Middle English, to distinguish it from Old English.
	odin.bio.miami.edu /norse (3036 words)

	Nemos Ognios
		"Indo-European" is the name of a family of languages that includes the Celtic, Germanic, Italic, Baltic, Slavic, Albanian, Hellenic, Armenian, and Indo-Iranian branches, as well as a number of smaller, dead branches such as Illyrian, Venetic, and Anatolian (OK, the last is not too small, but it is dead).
		If you are reading this, you can read at least one Indo-European language, since English is part of the Germanic branch.
		And we live amongst its branches, and our deeds are its fruit.
	www.geocities.com /nemosognios/Articles/protoie.htm (2309 words)

	sauvage noble: March 2004
		I tried to see whether Parsons-Mercado’s theory of Italic meter makes apparent traces of older inflection in archaic poetry, like restorable ϝ in Homer or distract readings in the Rigveda.
		Parsons-Mercado is attractive but not yet tried and true, and many synchronic and even more diachronic details remain to be worked out.
		Ignasi analyzed an Etruscan document and proposed a plausible interpretation on the basis of internal structures and comparison with Latin legal formulae.
	caelestis.info /sauvagenoble/2004_03_01_archive.html (2219 words)

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