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Topic: Proto-Baltic language

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Slavonic languages Each branch of Slavic originally developed from Proto-Slavic, the ancestral parent language of the group, which in turn developed from an earlier language that was also the antecedent of the Proto-Baltic language. The Slavic languages are most closely related to the languages of the Baltic group (Lithuanian, Latvian, and the now-extinct Old Prussian), but they share certain linguistic innovations with the other eastern Indo-European language groups (such as Indo-Iranian and Armenian) as well. The original vocabulary of general terms common to Baltic and Slavic is still retained in most of the Slavic languages. www.rkp-montreal.org /en/05slavoniclanguages.html

Where do Finns come from? The ‘contact theory’, again, suggests that the proto languages of the language families of today developed as a result of convergence caused by close interaction between speakers of originally different languages: the notion of a common linguistic birthplace thus goes against its premises. The linguistic evolution leading to the genesis of proto-Sámi occurred in the eastern, northern and inland regions of Finland, where the Baltic and German influence was weak, but the east European influence was comparatively strong. As a commonly spoken language and a language of trade, proto-Sámi spread from the Kola Peninsula as far as Jämtland in the wake of late Iron and Bronze age migrations. virtual.finland.fi /finfo/english/where_do.html

Slavic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia According to some historical linguistics theories, Proto-Slavic in turn developed from the Proto-Balto-Slavic language, a common ancestor of Proto-Baltic, the parent of the Baltic languages. The Baltic language speakers once lived in a much larger area along the Baltic Sea and south. Slavic and Baltic speakers share at least 289 words which could have come from that hypothetical language. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Slavic_languages

Baltic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Several of the extinct Baltic languages have a limited or nonexistent written record, their existence being known only from the records of ancient historians and personal or place names; all of the languages in the Baltic group (including the living ones) were first written down relatively late in their probable existence as distinct languages. With the establishment of a German state in Prussia, and the relocation of much of the Baltic Prussian population in the 13th century, Prussians began to be assimilated, and by the end of the 17th century, the Prussian language had become extinct. The Baltic languages are a group of genetically-related languages spoken in the Northern Europe and belonging to the Indo-European language family. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Baltic_languages

An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Role of Uralic Hunters and Gatherers A similar scenario has been constructed for Finland and the eastern Baltic area, with the important difference that the Proto-Sami in Finland were only assimilated culturally (changed their subsistence economy to agriculture), while they retained the core of their Uralic language (thus becoming the modern Baltic Finnic group) (Sammallahti 1989; Strade 1992). Fortunately Baltic Finnic shows some traits that make it possible to set an upper time limit for this development: As L. Posti described, the Finnic sound system is the result of strong Baltic and especially Germanic influence on the Proto-Finnic(/Sami) inventory (Posti 1954). While the influence by Germanic on Baltic Finnic during Bronze Age shows that Germanic was a fully developed branch at that time, the earlier contacts give the lower limit in the relative sequence for the development of this branch. users.cwnet.com /millenia/hunters.html

LookSmart - Directory - Guides to Baltic Languages This is a reconstructed language, the ancestor of the Baltic languages. Article on the history of the Baltic languages discusses what is known about the reconstructed parent language. Learn about the Baltic language which appears close to the Slavic subfamily. lsxml.looksmart.com /p/browse/us1/us317836/us317911/us53831/us1164425/us562148/us562160/us562570/us920950

IELan7 The Slavic languages developed late, not diverging from proto-Slavic until the beginning of the period of Slavic expansion from around 400 to 900 CE. Although a Baltic language is not attested to until the sixteenth century CE, historical and place-name evidence indicates a Baltic presence for well over a millenium. Although Baltic and Slavic are distinct subgroups, they have enough similarities to be grouped together. www.unlv.edu /faculty/jmstitt/Eng480/IndoEuropean/IEL7/IEL7.html   (183 words)

Proto-Balto-Slavic -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article Proto-Balto-Slavic is a hypothetical language from which the (additional info and facts about Baltic) Baltic and (A branch of the Indo European family of language) Slavic languages emerged. There is also a contemporary hypothesis that proposes the Slavic languages developed from the Baltic languages. The actual existence of such a Proto-Balto-Slavic language is fiercely debated, but the linguists who support it seem to outnumber those who refute it. www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pr/proto-balto-slavic2.htm   (80 words)

We, the Balts Proto - Indo - Europeans was so realistic to Schleicher that he wrote even a fable about a horse and a sheep in this first proto - language, which he reconstructed on the basis of the linguistic facts of the living Indo - European language. Although Baltic - Finnish relations continue to interest Finnish, Estonian, Swedish and other scalars, the greatest contribution to these studies was made by the Danish linguist and philologist Vilhelm Thomsen in his book Relations between the Finnish and Baltic (Lithuanian - Latvian) Languages published in 1890. It is a matter of interest that among the arguments which the proponents of the European hypothesis would offer was a fact that on the Baltic coast live Lithuanians who speak the most archaic of all the living Indo - European languages. postilla.mch.mii.lt /Kalba/baltai.en.htm   (80 words)

Baltic Languages The Baltic languages form one branch of the Indo-European language family. As for Satem, Baltic languages are Latvian and Lithuanian, while Slavic languages are Russian, Ukrainian, Byelorussian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Serbo-Croatian... However, writing in those languages was not widespread until the middle of the 19th century, partly due to the fact that Latvia and Lithuania were not independent at that time and the countries which ruled them attempted to impose their languages as the languages for writing.) www.wikiverse.org /baltic-languages   (80 words)

Language Kinship vs. Language Union: an article by Cyril Babaev The statement of close origins of Baltic and Slavic founded a new wave in comparative linguistics - the theory of the common "Balto-Slavic language" was born in Europe. First Baltic languages were touched in the beginning of the comparative era - in the middle of the 19th century when Rasmus Rask and Franz Bopp first attempted to write a comparative Baltic grammar. This is partly witnessed by archaeological research: Slavic and Baltic settlements in the 1st millennium BC and the 1st millennium AD were mixed in modern Belorussia, Poland and Eastern Russia. indoeuro.bizland.com /archive/article20.html   (80 words)

The Republic of Lithuania lies in the center of Europe(the Geometrical center of the continent is in Eastern Lithuania, near vi It belongs to the Baltic group of Indo-Eurropean language family and closely related to the Latvian language. The Republic of Lithuania lies in the center of Europe(the Geometrical center of the continent is in Eastern Lithuania, near village of Bernotai, 25 km north of Vilnius), on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea(the length of the Lithuania coastline is 99 km). You can read the news of the Baltic in the fastest way. baltic.netian.com /lithuania_eng.htm   (80 words)

Germanic Ethnohistory    In the center, the Baltic cultures retained many of the elements of the pre-IE, Finno-Ugric culture that was an influence on the proto-IE formations, and served as a model to later developments that altered IE. As an example of the language cross sections, illustration 3.3 demonstrates the reflexes of the number 6 in IE (Satem and Centum), Proto IE, and several non-IE languages as well. , the Proto Indo Europeans were among the first to be able to utilize the higher abstract reason in a large social manner. www.normannii.org /guilds_lore/lore/germanic_ethnohistory.htm   (80 words)

Stormfront White Nationalist Community The original Baltic dialect (the Proto-Baltic language) was a distinct form of the Proto-Indoeuropean language. It is assumed that the Baltic Ursprache began to divide into sub-languages around 1600 years prior to our time of reckoning. There are many essential similarities, but also many differences due to the onward development of the Baltic languages during which some of the most archaic forms were abandoned. www.stormfront.org /archive/t-139987European_heritage:_the_Baltic_languages.html   (80 words)

Virittäjä-lehden hakemistot The language of the Battle-axe people was still a highly archaic Indo-European dialect, which did not develop into Proto-Baltic until it spread into the Baltic Sea region. For this reason, the proto languages must still have been relatively uniform language forms during the period of the oldest loan contacts. Also, loan contacts between the Balts and the Baltic Finns definitely seem to have taken place on both sides of the Gulf of Finland, which suggests that the cultural independence which prevailed in the coastal areas of Finland after the battle-axe culture was also at least partly linguistic. www.kotikielenseura.fi /virittaja/hakemistot/jutut/vir95kallio.html   (80 words)

Balto-Slavic languages The Balto-Slavic language group is a hypothetical language group consisting of the Baltic and Slavic language subgroups of the Indo-European family. Baltic and Slavic languages were not written down until 15th and 9th centuries A.D.; thus, the historical record tracing the development of the languages is limited. Szemerényi in his 1957 re-examination of Meillet's results concludes that the Balts and Slavs did, in fact, share a "period of common language and life", and were probably separated due to the incursion of Germanic tribes along the Vistula and the Dnepr roughly at the beginning of the Common Era. www.worldhistory.com /wiki/B/Balto-Slavic-languages.htm   (564 words)

Semantic Histories: Multitude Its place in proto-Slavic is guaranteed by the broad analogy of tolpa in the varied modern Slavic languages that must have branched from this common parent such as the Belorussian tolpa, the Czech tlupa and tlum, and the Polish tlum, all of which carry the semantic meaning of some gathered body of people. A similar root is found in the neighboring Baltic languages, but a semantic shift is already quite obvious, as seen in the Lithuanian talpá (capacity, volume) or telpú, tilpau, and tilpti (to be located, to enter) and the Latvian talpa (place, location) or tìlpt, telpu, tilptsu, tilpu (to be located, to enter, to reach). From the Baltic languages, the leap backward to the ancient Indian tálpas or talpa (bed, seat) is easy enough to conceive, the idea of location providing a common bond. www.stanford.edu /group/shl/Crowds/hist/tolpa.htm   (1215 words)

Indo-European Proto-Dialects: an article by Cyril Babaev And the close similarities between such languages as for example Baltic and Slavic are obvious even for an ordinary person, not only for sophisticated linguists. Already in the 19th century linguists noticed that Baltic, Germanic and Slavic languages have very much in common in morphology, vocabulary and phonetics. Many linguists offered versions in favour of the so-called "European languages" theory, opposing such groups as Baltic, Slavic, Germanic, Celtic, Italic (i.e. indoeuro.bizland.com /archive/article13.html   (1215 words)

Common structural features and vocabulary — Virtual Finland The oldest Baltic and Germanic loanwords are so old that their sources had not yet diverged considerably from Proto-Indo-European; we should remember that the break-up of Proto-Indo-European is surmised to have happened only 1,000 years before the appearance of the ‘hammer-axe’ culture. In Finnish, the impact of these cultures is evident in a substantial stratum of Baltic and Germanic loanwords; the latter, in particular, exist in a number of different strata in Finnish and its closest related languages (the Baltic-Finnic languages), as well as in Saami. Regardless of how old we consider the Finno-Ugrian-speaking culture on the shores of the Baltic Sea (or the Finnish language) to be, it is clear that the roots of Finnish lie farther east, where related languages are still spoken. virtual.finland.fi /netcomm/news/showarticle.asp?intNWSAID=25830   (1215 words)

Lithuanian language biography .ms The Eastern Baltic languages split from the Western Baltic ones (or, perhaps, from hypothetic proto-Baltic language) between 400 – 600s. However, the exact manner by which the Baltic languages have developed from the Proto-Indo-European langage is disputed, though the possession of many archaic features is undeniable. The Baltic languages form their own distinct branch of the Indo-European languages. lithuanian.biography.ms   (1215 words)

Prussian Language Reconstructions In Baltic Prussia this face may be formed only on the basis of the land and its history by common efforts of modern and previous inhabitants, of all neighboring peoples which thus may be united by call of the ancient earth. The third generation born in the land of Baltic Prussia has its own right to live and not to be deported from their tragical homeland. German propped up development of some purely Baltic processes in Prussian, although its influense also resulted in such barbarisms which were authentic in their turn and not “mistakes of translators”, as e.g. www.suduva.com /prussian/reconstructions.htm   (1215 words)

The Origin of the Lithuanian Language In earlier times the speakers of Baltic languages were referred to as Aistians, although it is not known whether this term denoted all the Baits or just the Old Prussians. Tacitus wrote, "Passing then to the east along the shore of the Suebic (Baltic — WRS) sea, we find the tribes of the Aestii, who have the same observances and general appearance as the Suebi, while their language is more like the British tongue. Latvian, also an East Baltic language, is less conservative than Lithuanian. www.lituanus.org /1982_1/82_1_01.htm   (1215 words)

Indo-European Proto-Dialects: an article by Cyril Babaev This theory supports the idea that all European languages are descendants of the "Proto-European" language, which in its turn used to be on of the two major dialects of Proto-Indo-European. With the increasing number of people - speakers of the Proto-Indo-European language - the area of the language was gradually and constantly widening, and as people were living in isolated tribes and had little contact with each other, dialectal differences appeared. Many linguists offered versions in favour of the so-called "European languages" theory, opposing such groups as Baltic, Slavic, Germanic, Celtic, Italic (i.e. indoeuro.bizland.com /archive/article13.html   (2180 words)

Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura According to this theory the proper noun was borrowed by Estonian from the Baltic languages, and became the name of an Estonian province situated in the northern part of present-day Tartumaa. In his opinion the same Baltic word (Lithuanian) zem-, (Latvian) zeme 'land', often considered to be at the origin of the words (Finnish) Häme and (Sami) N sabme 'Sami, Lapp; Lapland; Sami language', sabmelas 'Sami, Lapp(ish)', can also be seen in the origin of Suomi. Nevertheless, motivation for this ethnonym might be sought from the Finnic languages, since the original Germanic or Baltic reconstruction suggested for karja is difficult to connect chronologically with the rise of Old Karelia. www.sgr.fi /ct/ct51.html   (2180 words)

Pharaonic Egyptian Language - Nostratic - Baltic An analysis of Baltic shows that roots of the form CVC can be further broken down into two single-syllabic separate morphemes of meaning, e.g. Moreover, on the above evidence, the predominant position given by old school linguists to the letter E in Indo-European must be questioned on the basis of Baltic, rather supporting the Nostraticists, as below. Significantly,the Baltic schwa-forms are what we find in Hittite. www.lexiline.com /lexiline/lexi53.htm   (2180 words)

r01-ach Baltic is a branch of Indo-European, it's a very important language family, Dr. Steinbergs said, yet this is one branch that for some reason the scholarship just hasn't been done for it. Steinbergs notes that the Proto-Baltic dictionary will be an important, if overdue, contribution to linguistics. Whenever I tell a linguist what this project is about I get one of two responses. www.mun.ca /univrel/gazette/1994-95/Aug.25/research/r01-ach   (2180 words)

Valoda Latvian can be traced back to the old Baltic tribal languages. The Western Baltic languages, the most prominent of which was Prus- development of the language, the Baltic states escaped imposition of Cur- ai1.mii.lu.lv /valoda/veisb.htm   (2180 words)

Language and poetic metre Others claim that the trochaic and asyllabic metre of presumably Baltic origin, perhaps merging later on with an earlier Baltic-Finnic poetic metre, conformed into classical Kalevala metre that took into account linguistic peculiarities (e.g. The dominant poetic metre in oral folklore depends on the structure of the particular language, especially on its prosody (see, e.g., Korhonen 1994: 77). The present article aims at studying these aspects in poetry in Kalevala metre, a common phenomenon of Baltic Finnic peoples. haldjas.folklore.ee /folklore/vol7/maripar.htm   (2180 words)

BALTIC LANGUAGES & PROTO-BALTIC both formed a closely related Baltic language group The Western Baltic dialect that later gave rise to the migration to the Baltic region (via the Dnieper Rapids) from the " www.geocities.com /Athens/Ithaca/6623/proto.htm   (2180 words)

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