Where results make sense

About us   |   Why use us?   |   Reviews   |   PR   |   Contact us

Topic: Proto-Italic

    Note: these results are not from the primary (high quality) database.

Ads by Google

In the News (Wed 30 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

The Paleolithic Indo-Europeans, 3 It seems quite possible that Lusitanian was a survivor of the proto-Celtic spoken in the late Ice Age. This would suggest that the speakers of proto-Slavic were simply the people who stayed behind when their proto-Baltic-speaking cousins moved north. The separation of these three language families may have become final as a result of their various migrations, but it must have begun some thousands of years earlier, when they were isolated from one another during the Last Glacial Maximum. www.enter.net /~torve/trogholm/wonder/indoeuropean/indoeuropean3.html   (2454 words)

Indo-European Proto-Dialects: an article by Cyril Babaev This theory supports the idea that all European languages are descendants of the "Proto-European" language, which in its turn used to be on of the two major dialects of Proto-Indo-European. Both Tocharic languages (Tocharic A or Agnean, Tocharic B or Kushitian) demonstrate the number of forms and etyiomologies different from its neighbours Celtic, Italic, Illyrian languages. But sooner it became clear that we cannot judge about the Proto-IE dialects on the basis of the modern geographical distribution of the groups, neither basing on the ancient geography. indoeuro.bizland.com /archive/article13.html   (2180 words)

The sci.lang FAQ: 8 All the Germanic languages have a common ancestor, Proto-Germanic; farther back, this ancestor was descended from Proto-Indo- European, as were the ancestors of the Italic, Slavic, and other branches. A language family is a group of languages that have been proven to have descended from a common ancestral language. LANGUAGE ISOLATES: A number of languages around the world have never been successfully shown to be related to any others-- in at least some cases because any related languages have long been extinct. www.zompist.com /lang8.html   (2180 words)

Indo-European Proto-Dialects: an article by Cyril Babaev This theory supports the idea that all European languages are descendants of the "Proto-European" language, which in its turn used to be on of the two major dialects of Proto-Indo-European. Both Tocharic languages (Tocharic A or Agnean, Tocharic B or Kushitian) demonstrate the number of forms and etyiomologies different from its neighbours Celtic, Italic, Illyrian languages. But sooner it became clear that we cannot judge about the Proto-IE dialects on the basis of the modern geographical distribution of the groups, neither basing on the ancient geography. indoeuro.bizland.com /archive/article13.html   (2180 words)

Classification of the Languages The Italic languages are all descended from a hypothetical single language, Proto-Italic, which in turn is but one member of the Indo-European language family. This group had a good number of members in ancient Italy; in fact, Italic languages were spoken in most of the peninsula. Venetic is quite certainly an Indo-European language, but the current question as to whether it belonged to the Italic group or not has not been satisfactorily answered. www.evolpub.com /LCA/VTLfacts.html   (1322 words)

AncientScripts.com: The Alphabet This Proto-Arabian script eventually evolved by the 5th century BC into the highly elegant South Arabian script. As for Greek itself, all but one of the variant scripts were replaced by the Ionian, which is what you see on Classic inscriptions, as well as modern texts. This alphabet, though, eventually disappeared from the mainstream, and survived as the Samaritan script. www.ancientscripts.com /alphabet.html   (1322 words)

Indo-European Proto-Dialects: an article by Cyril Babaev Many linguists offered versions in favour of the so-called "European languages" theory, opposing such groups as Baltic, Slavic, Germanic, Celtic, Italic (i.e. But sooner it became clear that we cannot judge about the Proto-IE dialects on the basis of the modern geographical distribution of the groups, neither basing on the ancient geography. And the close similarities between such languages as for example Baltic and Slavic are obvious even for an ordinary person, not only for sophisticated linguists. indoeuro.bizland.com /archive/article13.html   (1322 words)

INDOEUROPEAN EVOLUTION The Indo-European languages of the Tarim Basin in far western China known as Tokharian have some Celtic sound qualities -- leading some to suggest that a branch of early proto-Celts wandered all the way to China. This is another commonality, then, between the Italic family and the Celtic family. Albanian may be the sole survivor of the Illyrian languages, its many variant features due to long contact with a variety of neighbors. www.ship.edu /~cgboeree/indoeuropean.html   (2134 words)

Indo-European Proto-Dialects: an article by Cyril Babaev This theory supports the idea that all European languages are descendants of the "Proto-European" language, which in its turn used to be on of the two major dialects of Proto-Indo-European. With the increasing number of people - speakers of the Proto-Indo-European language - the area of the language was gradually and constantly widening, and as people were living in isolated tribes and had little contact with each other, dialectal differences appeared. But sooner it became clear that we cannot judge about the Proto-IE dialects on the basis of the modern geographical distribution of the groups, neither basing on the ancient geography. indoeuro.bizland.com /archive/article13.html   (2180 words)

Articles - Indo-European languages Northern Europe enters the Pre-Roman Iron Age, the formative phase of Proto Germanic. Thus, geographically, the "eastern" languages are Satem (Indo-Iranian, Balto-Slavic, but not including Tocharian and Anatolian), and the "western" languages are Centum (Germanic, Italic, Celtic). Celtic languages — Gaulish inscriptions date as early as the 6th century BC; Old Irish texts from the 6th century AD. www.gaple.com /articles/Indo-European_languages?mySession=534ecf000caa2d5c1b574daad96142af   (2180 words)

Proto-Italic Proto-Italic refers to the putative ancestor of the Italic language family, or to our reconstruction of it. Celtic), Raetic, Venetic, Messapic, Sicel/Siculan and East Italic. The family comprises the Romance group, Oscan, Umbrian, Paelignian, Marsian, Marrucinian, Vestinian and Volscian; but there is also evidence of "Pre-Italic" speech-forms spoken in Italy which may have some more distant connection with the family: Ligurian, www.chiark.greenend.org.uk /~marisal/ie/italic.html   (74 words)

Indo-European - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The languages are traditionally separated into a Satem group in the east (Baltic, Slavic, Indo-Iranian, Armenian) and a Centum group in the west (Greek, Italic, Celtic, Germanic), according to their different treatment of PIE velar sounds. India has the largest single Indo-European speaking population on the planet where 75% of the non-Dravidian population (some 700 million people) speak many different Indo-European languages and dialects, which are descendents of a language called Proto-Indo-Aryan by linguists. The hypothetical PIE religion was centered on sacrificial rituals where animals were slaughtered to establish good relations with the gods. www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Indo-European   (801 words)

Read about Phoenician alphabet at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Phoenician alphabet and learn about Phoenician alphabet here! The Greek alphabet is thought to have developed either directly from the Phoenician alphabet, or to share a common parent in Proto-Canaanite. Also, the old runes were likely derived from an early form of the Latin alphabet. Indic alphabets are derived from this script as well, which would make it the ancestor of almost all major writing systems in use today, with the exception of the encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Phoenician_alphabet   (468 words)

Reginheim Language: the Proto-Celtic language was of Indo-European origin and descended from the same root as Italic (Italo-Celtic), the Proto-Celtic language was later divided into Q-Celtic (which was spoken on the Iberian peninsula and the British isles) and P-Celtic (which was spoken on the mainland). History: the Celtic culture and language came into existence around 1200BC and probably originated from the Indo-European Bronze Age cultures of central Europe and the Balkans, the cradle of this early Celtic culture is believed to have been in western Rumania and Hungary. Nowadays Celtic languages are only being spoken in the more remote areas of Ireland and Great Britain where they are called "Gaelic", Irish Gaelic and Scottish Gaelic are very similar because the Scottish Highlanders are direct descendants of the Irish. www.geocities.com /reginheim/celts.html   (1125 words)

Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Celtic languages Within the Indo-European family, the Celtic languages have sometimes been placed with the Italic languages in a common "Italo-Celtic" subfamily, a hypothesis that is now largely obsolete. Celtic languages are the languages spoken by the ancient Celts and their modern descendants, the Gaels, the Welsh, and the Bretons. When referring only to the modern Celtic languages, 'Q-Celtic' and 'P-Celtic' may be taken as synonymous with Goidelic and Brythonic, respectively (although this terminology usually implies acceptance of the overall P-Celtic hypothesis). www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Celtic_language   (717 words)

The Study of Celtic Languages Once the Indo-European nature of the Celtic languages (and especially their close connection with the Italic branch) had been discovered by Bopp and Zeuss in the early 19th century, scholarly study began at German universities and elsewhere on the continent, and in the British Isles (Oxford and Cambridge). The Celtic languages that survived into the modern period, Welsh, Irish, Breton, Scottish Gaelic, Manx, and Cornish (the last two only recently extinct), are spoken as primary languages by about a million people, although easily twice that number might be counted as fluent speakers. Great impetus was given to Celtic Studies by the founding of the Royal University of Ireland in 1880, later (1908) renamed the National University of Ireland, and, after Ireland became independent (1922), by the establishment of the Irish Folklore Commission and the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. ls.berkeley.edu /dept/celtic/celtic_lang_study.html   (549 words)

The Paleolithic Continuity Theory: An Introduction More over, on the Ligurian coast and the Piedmont Alps, the frontier between Occitan and Gallo-Italic dialects corresponds to the prehistoric frontier between Chassey and the VBQ culture of the Po Valley. Alinei, Mario (fc.b), Interdisciplinary and linguistic evidence for Palaeolithic continuity of Indo-European, Uralic and Altaic populations in Eurasia, with an excursus on Slavic ethnogenesis, in Proceedings of Kobarid conference (2003). On the other, the Russian word kurgan itself is not of Russian, or Slavic, or IE, origin, but a Turkic loanword, with a very wide diffusion area in Southern Europe, which closely corresponds to the spread of the kurgan culture (Alinei 2000, 2003). www.continuitas.com /intro.html   (549 words)

Dienekes' Anthropology Blog: May 2003 Archives The non-Indo-European linguistic substrata of the autochthonous populations of ancient Europe facilitated the graduate differentiation of the Ancient European dialects and the rise of the separate Celtic, Italic, Illyrian, Germanic, Baltic, and Slavic linguistic groups. The speakers of the ancient European languages could have been a dark-eyed population which was assimilated by the indigenous population. We have analyzed its mutation frequency spectrum in 94 European, North African and SW Asian populations taken from the literature. dienekes.ifreepages.com /blog/archives/2003_05.html   (9836 words)

Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Indo-European The languages are traditionally separated into a Satem group in the east (Baltic, Slavic, Indo-Iranian, Armenian) and a Centum group in the west (Greek, Italic, Celtic, Germanic), according to their different treatment of PIE velar sounds. The Indo-European language family is attested in twelve branches, some of them extinct, with a historical distribution over most of Europe, Anatolia, Iran, India and parts of Central Asia (East Turkistan). The language group was briefly referred to as "Indo-Germanic", until it became apparent that the group included most of the other languages of Europe, as well. www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Indo-European   (713 words)

Latin - Psychology Central Latin is a member of the family of Italic languages, and its alphabet, the Latin alphabet, is based on the Old Italic alphabet, which is in turn derived from the Greek alphabet. In addition, some nouns have a locative case used to express location (otherwise expressed by the ablative with a preposition such as in), but this survival from Proto-Indo-European is found only in the names of lakes, cities, towns, small islands, and a few other words related to locations, such as "house", "ground", and "countryside". Latin was first brought to the Italian peninsula in the 9th or 8th century BC by migrants from the north, who settled in the Latium region, specifically around the River Tiber, where the Roman civilization first developed. psychcentral.com /psypsych/Latin   (2201 words)

Indo-European Proto-Dialects. - www.ezboard.com This theory supports the idea that all European languages are descendants of the "Proto-European" language, which in its turn used to be on of the two major dialects of Proto-Indo-European. But sooner it became clear that we cannot judge about the Proto-IE dialects on the basis of the modern geographical distribution of the groups, neither basing on the ancient geography. Many linguists offered versions in favour of the so-called "European languages" theory, opposing such groups as Baltic, Slavic, Germanic, Celtic, Italic (i.e. p083.ezboard.com /fbalkansfrm53.showMessage?topicID=50.topic   (2201 words)

Prussian, an Aboriginal A-language As for Germanic, a language usually lumped together simplistically with Celtic, Italic, and Greek as Western Centum Indo-European, there is no internal evidence whatever for long and short o separate from long and short § in its earliest stages. Slavic's special native cognate lexical ties with Albanian (which does not have this dative plural -m-) which suggest the southernmost position for Pre-Slavic, that is, the one farthest from Pre-Germanic, give that impression. Specialists believe that with respect to centum versus satem the centum languages with reflexes of k, g, gh as opposed to those of k*, g*, g*h* of the satem ones are more conservative and are, at the same time, geographically peripheral. www.lituanus.org /1989/89_4_04.htm   (3617 words)

Indo-European origins When I was in highschool in the sixties I bought a copy of the new American Heritage Dictionary, which traced each word's etymology back to its proto-Indo-European (pIE) roots, with an appendix that allowed these roots to be retraced forwards to the modern words. Recent western history is mostly the story of the warring within and between the Germanic and Italic language groups, as adopted by previously Celtic peoples. It's very likely that one or more Nostratic language groups close to pIE dominated eastern and central Europe in 4500 BC, but as the pIE horse-culture moved west, these were overlaid by the Baltic, Slavic, Germanic, Celtic, Italian and Greek groups. robotwisdom.com /science/pie   (1493 words)

The Indo-European Homeland But this similarity between Greek and Italic is because “when Indo-European languages were brought to Mediterranean people unfamiliar with voiced aspirated stops, this element brought about the process of unvoicing”, The evidence of the oldest literary records of the Indo-European family of languages, the Rigveda and the Avesta, as we have seen, clearly and unambiguously depicts a movement of the “Indo-Iranians” from the east to the west and northwest. Other similarities between languages or branches which lie on opposite sides of the above dividing line are recognizable as phenomena which took place after the concerned branches had reached their historical habitats, and do not, therefore, throw any light on the location of the original homeland or the migration-schedule of the branches. www.bharatvani.org /books/rig/ch7.htm   (11268 words)

The Origin of the Lithuanian Language One of the oldest attested forms of the Italic language branch is Latin, the oldest attested form of Greek is Mycenean Creek, the oldest attested form of Indo-lranian is Vedic Sanskrit, the oldest attested form of Slavic is Old Church Slavic. The language of the Bible was the basis and model used by all authors in the 17th and 18th centuries; it influenced the choice of lexical items and syntactic constructions, and the use of Biblical idiomatic utterances; this translation also served to stabilize the" orthography. The Prussian language is the closest relative to Lithuanian and Latvian; www.lituanus.org /1982_1/82_1_01.htm   (5833 words)

Proto-Indo-European Some theories have also linked Italic and Celtic closely as Italo-Celtic, or Germanic and Balto-Slavic together, or Greek and Armenian; however, the similarities between these groups may well be due to contact rather than common ancestry after the break-up of PIE, or to dialect variations within PIE before its break-up. PIE seems to have been a highly-inflecting language, with eight noun cases, three genders, three numbers (singular, plural and dual), and several tenses, moods and voices (the exact number is disputed). This claim is largely based on the simplicity of the Hittite grammatical system compared with that of Sanskrit and Greek, which may represent an earlier system elaborated on in the ancestor of the Indo-European branch. www.chiark.greenend.org.uk /~marisal/ie/pie.html   (493 words)

Proto-Germanic It seems to have been spoken in north-west Europe in the later part of the first millennium BC, and is a descendant of Proto-Indo-European (PIE). Development of PIE voiceless stops to voiceless fricatives, thus PIE *treies "three" > Goth threis, Old Frisian thre:, ON thri:r : Lat tre:s, OIr tri:, Old Church Slavonic trije (also frequent change of *kw > f, perhaps indicating an earlier change of *kw > *p, as in some parts of Celtic and Italic, e.g. PrGmc refers to the putative ancestor of the Germanic language family, or to our reconstruction of it. www.chiark.greenend.org.uk /~marisal/ie/germanic.html   (493 words)

Indo-European Origin While the position of Germanic in the Indo-European tree is controversial, it has close affinities to Baltic and Slavic, and many theorists speak of a ``Germano-Balto-Slavic branch.'' Yet the single most important ``split'' in Indo-European is the Centum/Satem divide; Baltic and Slavic are Satem languages while Germanic is Centum like Italic. Yet, Baltic seems to be the Indo-European branch which most closely preserves the prehistoric proto-Indo-European language, while Germanic has undergone major changes in grammar, phonology, and lexicon. Do the prehistories of Battle-Axe/Corded-Ware culture and the early Germano-Balto-Slavic language shed light on each other? freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~jamesdow/Tech/lmindoe.htm   (493 words)

NEW BOOKS It deals with the problems of the archaeological cultures in Bactria, Margiana, Iran and India, the origins of the southern Indo-Iranian tribes, and the migrations of the Tocharians, the Scythians, and other ancient Europeans (the Balts, Slavs, Germans, Celts, and the Italic-speakers). Individual chapters discuss the various alphabets that have been used to write Slavonic languages, in particular, Roman, Cyrillic and Glagolitic alphabets, the relationship to one another through their common ancestor, Proto Slavonic, and the extent to which various Slavonic languages have survived in emigration." —From the publisher’s circular] Part two is on the origins of the southern Indo-Iranian cultures and cultural processes in northern Eurasia in the late Bronze Age. www.indo-european.org /page1d.html   (493 words)

The sci.lang FAQ: 8 All the Germanic languages have a common ancestor, Proto-Germanic; farther back, this ancestor was descended from Proto-Indo- European, as were the ancestors of the Italic, Slavic, and other branches. Icelandic and Norwegian are descended from Proto-North Germanic, a separate branch of Germanic. This list isn't intended to be exhaustive, even for families like Germanic and Italic. www.zompist.com /lang8.html   (493 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)

About us   |   Why use us?   |   Reviews   |   Press   |   Contact us   Copyright © 2005-2007 www.factbites.com Usage implies agreement with terms.