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Topic: Proto-human

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Man - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The term "man" (from Proto-Germanic mannaz "man, person") and words derived from it can designate any or even all of the human race regardless of their gender or age. A man is a male human adult, in contrast to an adult female, which is a woman. This article is about human males; for other uses, see Man (disambiguation). en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Man   (1119 words)

Khanty Language Structure of language is determined by the structure of the human mind, the universality of certain properties characteristic of language is evidence that at least this part of human nature is common to all members of the species, regardless of their race or class and their undoubted differences in intellect, personality and physical attributes All languages are intimately interlinked with the culture of their speakers, and all languages and cultures represent specific expressions of human thought and social organisation. Cultures are closely identified with languages, and languages survival is often used to indicate cultural survival. www.policy.hu /filtchenko/khanty_language.htm   (2053 words)

dunbar.etal.html In theory, a modern human language faculty could pass intact through thousands of years in a totally silent community (assuming the community itself could somehow survive); with the lifting of the vow of silence, the children of the new generation would be as ready as any others to acquire any language they were exposed to. The massive expressive power of human languages (not a topic centrally addressed by syntactic theorists) is, of course, fitness-enhancing. In the case of Language, the genotype is the features of the genome relevant to language acquisition and use, while the phenotype is the brain, vocal tract and behaviour involved in actual processes of language acquisition and use during the lifetimes of individuals. www.ling.ed.ac.uk /~jim/dunbar.etal.html   (7920 words)

DRUUIDICA PRINNION (Druidical Astrology) by Michel-Gerald Boutet We are not speaking here of an animistic world of anarchy where the individual human soul must negotiate with a greater animal spirit, but of a world order in which human and godly spirits coexist, compete and cooperate in accordance with the universal plan of creation. [32] The etymology of the name hints at a pun on a Celtic name with a Romanised rendering of a Greek/Aramaic name Bartholomaeus for "son of Ptolemy", that is, from Aramaic Bar for "son" and Greek Ptolemaios. The dolphin, which is also present in Greek myths and in Celtic myths as the porpoise or merman. cura.free.fr /xv/14boutet.html   (7920 words)

Resource Type Index Of Resources Tolkien's Endorsement of Esperanto - A letter that J.R.R. Universal Declaration of Human Rights Translation Database - The Universal Declaration of Human Rights translated into over 300 languages. Model Languages (Conlangs) - This group is for conlangers who wants to share their languages with another members and learn conlangs from another conlangers. Test Sentences at Conlang Wiki - This is a list of simple translation exercises, intended to focus on grammatical constructions as opposed to vocabulary. www.langmaker.com /db/rsc_index_resourcetype.htm   (7920 words)

yourDictionary.com • Advisory Council of Experts "On the distribution of instrumental and agent markers for human and non-human agents of passive verbs in some Indo-European languages." Indogermanische Forschungen, 1986. Glagol v aggliutinatovnom iazyke (The Verb in Agglutinative Languages) Moscow: Linguistic Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1992. Putevoditel' po diskursivnym slovam russkogo iazyka (Guide to Discursive Words in Russian, with A. Baranov and E. Rakhilina). www.yourdictionary.com /about/experts.html   (7920 words)

22) The Proto-Germanic language; Grimm and Bopp. There is a logic how the languages and dialects change their word-sound and spellings according to human psychology, behavior, environment, migration, adaptation and social needs related to culture, trade and religion, and the ups and downs of their living patterns. ‘Proto’ word is used for a presumably existing unknown language when its form is reconstructed on the basis of available material of a later date. Grimm advanced his work mainly towards reconstructing Proto-Germanic language and then to its speculated source, the Proto-Indo-European language. encyclopediaofauthentichinduism.org /articles/22_the_proto_germanic.htm   (983 words)

Eye - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia However, the development of the eye is considered to be monophyletic; that is, all modern eyes, varied as they are, have their origins in a proto-eye believed to have evolved some 540 million years ago (Mya). The differences are useful; apart from enabling sight in both dim and light conditions, humans have given them further application. It is largely responsible for colour vision in humans, and enables high acuity, such as is necessary in reading. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eye   (983 words)

Linguistic Society of America - Fields of Linguistics Although most historical linguists believe that human language probably arose just once, in a single place at a particular time, most of them also believe that language change is too rapid and too sweeping to permit the verification of family relationships older than about ten thousand years. All of them arose from a single language, called Proto-Germanic by linguists, which was spoken over 2500 years ago. Linguists still hope to connect many of these families, but the chances for reducing the number of separate language families to a handful are slim. www.lsadc.org /fields/index.php?aaa=variation.htm   (983 words)

Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. 2000 Language is a social fact; languages are not spoken in a vacuum but by human beings living in a society. The main outlines of the reconstructed language were already seen by the end of the 1870s, but it was only during the course of the 20th century that certain of these features received general acceptance. The transmission of language by conquest, assimilation, migration, or any other ethnic movement is a complex and enigmatic process that this discussion does not propose to examine—beyond the general proposition that in the case of Indo-European no genetic conclusions can or should be drawn. www.bartleby.com /61/8.html   (9441 words)

The Role of Language in Intelligence The expressive, information-encoding properties of real language are practically limitless (in at least some dimensions), and the powers that other species acquire in virtue of their use of proto-languages, hemi-semi-demi-languages, are indeed similar to the powers we acquire thanks to our use of real language. We human beings may not be the most admirable species on the planet, or the most likely to survive for another millennium, but we are without any doubt at all the most intelligent. The advent of language was an exactly parallel boon for human beings, a technology that created a whole new class of objects-to-contemplate, verbally embodied surrogates that could be reviewed in any order at any pace. ase.tufts.edu /cogstud/papers/rolelang.htm   (5675 words)

Computing the Sublime It has been argued that there is an aspect of art that is non-linguistic (whether supra-linguistic or proto-linguistic is a further question) but the sustenance of this argument depends on a narrow definition of what the linguistic, and by implication human consciousness, can be which, in itself, is a contentious issue. It therefore becomes impossible for the artist to achieve the velocity required to escape the linguistic and social body of which they are part and begin an approach to the sublime. If we accept the implication of Foucault's general argument about the relationship of the individual to the social, where each individual is regarded as an instance of language, instantiated from a linguistic body that is society as a whole, then we also have to accept a very generalised and expansive definition of the linguistic. hosted.simonbiggs.easynet.co.uk /texts/sublime.htm   (5675 words)

Language Evolution At some point, long ago, the vocabulary and the grammar apparently levelled off: All languages today, no matter how "primitive" the people, appear to be equal in their abilities to express the nuances and complexities of human life. The relationships among the Germanic languages are often obvious, and linguists have reconstructed what they call Proto-Germanic: Linguists have reconstructed other "Proto" languages for other language families. www.ship.edu /~cgboeree/langevol.html   (1568 words)

22) The Proto-Germanic language; Grimm and Bopp. ‘Proto’ word is used for a presumably existing unknown language when its form is reconstructed on the basis of available material of a later date. There is a logic how the languages and dialects change their word-sound and spellings according to human psychology, behavior, environment, migration, adaptation and social needs related to culture, trade and religion, and the ups and downs of their living patterns. Thus the word ‘ kuningaz ’ could be assumed by the linguists to be the logical term that would have been for ‘king’ in Proto-Germanic language. www.encyclopediaofauthentichinduism.org /articles/22_the_proto_germanic.htm   (1568 words)

Human Genome Sequenced As the "Journey into the Genome" article says, "The genome is a museum of the viral infections suffered by humanity and its ancestors. For one thing, the genome decoders reported that about 200 of our 30,000 genes appear to have been pretty much cribbed directly from bacteria that infected our proto-cells millions of years ago. While in simple creatures, like fruit flies, each gene tends to code for just one protein, many human genes can code for two, five or more proteins by combining their pieces-parts in different ways. www.microbe.org /news/human_genome.asp   (1091 words)

Maps The oldest modern human fossils in China date from between 35-60,000 YA from Salawusu in Inner Mongolia, Laishui in Hebei and Liujiang in Guangxi. Within the last forty years fossil human remains have been found throughout the length and breadth of China. These fossils span upwards of a million years in time and represent a succession of forms from archaic humans such as H. www.chineseprehistory.org /maps.htm   (421 words)

Earth-91112 (Invisible Girl's Child Brought Peace) The violence was stopped when Mary Richards floated into the air and projected a wave of energy from herself and then fell from the sky, where she was caught by the Human Torch. Mary Richards was the daughter of Reed and Sue Richards of the Fantastic Four. At the Unity Rally, while Mary Richards was speaking, "Captain America" walked onto the stage and stabbed Mary with a knife. www.marvunapp.com /Appendix3/earthffchildpeace.htm   (846 words)

Proto-World language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Many also question the underlying theory of monogenesis, the assumption that all known languages even do derive from a common ancestor, suggesting that language may have developed independently in different groups of early humans from proto-linguistic means of communication, thereby disputing the existence of Proto-World, or at least shifting focus to glottogonic issues. Furthermore, if they had a language, this would substantiate the claim for the existence of Proto-World, without making any prediction as to its form, because it would imply that the origin of language predates human phylogenetic separation. The concept is thus analogous to the widely accepted Proto-Indo-European language, the ancestor of all the Indo-European languages as reconstructed by historical linguistics. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Proto-World_language   (629 words)

Promising lead in prostate cancer diagnosis, new discovery The cancer-causing genes known as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have long been known to be major factors in the development of cancer cells, and mutation or altered expression of these genes has been identified in diverse human cancers. However, for prostate cancer, which is the most common non-skin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men in the U.S., the identification of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that are altered in most prostate cancer cells have eluded scientists thus far. This discovery provides a very promising addition to a select group of genes, whose expression is frequently altered in prostate cancer cells and could provide novel molecular targets for diagnosis, prognosis or therapy of prostate cancer in the future. www.medicalnewstoday.com /medicalnews.php?newsid=25940&nfid=mnf   (629 words)

Artificial Languages Láadan : language developed with idea that existing human languages are inadequate to express the perceptions of women It has a number of very interesting features: i.e., Speech Act Morphemes and Evidence Act Morphemes (reminds me of Korean and Japanese) and an interesting pronoun system. Eurial : takes its vocabulary mainly from Latin, the Romance languages and Greek in that order, with occasional forays into Slavic, Germanic and Celtic, at the same time striving for widely recognizable roots and avoiding a too mixed appearance. Esperanto : opening section of Confucian Analects in Esperanto www.redshift.com /~bul2mun/lingvoj/lingvoj.htm   (629 words)

Human Origins For the time being, suffice to say this Lulu was "manufactured" for the sole purpose of working in the gold mines and serving his "gods." This Lulu was a proto-type of what would subsequently be full-fledged human beings. No, they were not human beings, as we think of human beings. For one hundred and fifty thousand years, they mined the Earth's gold and other precious metals without the aid of human beings...for there were, as yet, no human beings on Planet Earth. www.karenlyster.com /sitchina.html   (2984 words)

Proto-World Language Chapter 14, "Global Etymologies," by John D. Bengtson and Ruhlen, includes along with these twenty-seven Proto-World roots a list of descendants in the various daughter languages of the world. Ultimately, all human languages could conceivably be traced back to a single origin, and this has been seriously proposed. He says we can now begin reconstructing proto-World, the basic vocabulary from which all the world's known languages have sprung." members.aol.com /yahyam/protoworld.html   (2984 words)

The Tower of Babel Affair They still insisted that languages must have naturally evolved, but they had to admit to the evidence for Monogenesis of Language Ð- that there once was a single human language spoken by nearly all humanity. The secular professors of Semitic all agreed that Hebrew couldn't be older than the dead Semitic languages of Akkadian or Ugaritic, and saw nothing divine or even different about the amazingly unique Hebrew vocabulary that we will study here. The Biblical Hebrew or ancient Semitic root word (etymon) is most often only a slight deviation from their fictional "root". www.ldolphin.org /babel.html   (2984 words)

proto human oh the pathos of proto human organ meat will you be my proto husband… or… gan… brookezoid.web.aplus.net /id19.html   (2984 words)

Brief History of our Alphabet by Wendell Hall The alphabet is without doubt one of the greatest creations of the human mind. Runic alphabets were commonly referred to as the futhark for the sounds of the first six letters. Few people have a clue regarding the origin of the alphabet and would be surprised to know that it's the "oxhouse." Inscriptions recently discovered at Wadi el-Hol in upper Egypt may have set the invention of the alphabet at an earlier date than previously supposed. www.nuspel.org /alphabet.html   (2984 words)

Proto-World and the Language Organ I sometimes parody the Proto-World view as "The language organ evolved on Tuesday; language was invented on Wednesday; and everyone else in the world was eliminated on Thursday." This neatly summarizes the improbable assumptions of the theory. Of course, perhaps it is continuing, and we simply don’t notice over the mere milennia of human history. But many immigrants don’t really have to learn the national language-- the required level of national language competence in their work is often minimal, and they may live in an enclave (a family or a neighborhood) where it is not needed at all. www.zompist.com /langorg.htm   (5649 words)

Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. 2000 Language is a social fact; languages are not spoken in a vacuum but by human beings living in a society. The main outlines of the reconstructed language were already seen by the end of the 1870s, but it was only during the course of the 20th century that certain of these features received general acceptance. The transmission of language by conquest, assimilation, migration, or any other ethnic movement is a complex and enigmatic process that this discussion does not propose to examine—beyond the general proposition that in the case of Indo-European no genetic conclusions can or should be drawn. www.bartleby.com /61/8.html   (5649 words)

The Slavic Ethnogenesis The Proto-Slavic language was probably still common to all Slavs possibly as late as the 8th century AD, but by the 9th century AD, with the mass-migrations largely completed, the individual Slavic languages had begun to take place. Also, it is said that one you who speaks 'Slovakian', has the easiest time understanding the rest of the Slavic languages, as they are in the middle of the Slavic sea; one of the biggest 'human ethnographic seas', on the face of this earth. The "Slavic tribe" was and is part of the Indo-European family, and as consequence, the antiquity of the Slavs goes beyond the time of their first mention by historical sources, for "all modern nations must have had ancestors in the ancient world"- Czech historian Safarik, All-Slavic Conference, Prague (Curta 2001, p. www.users.bigpond.net.au /agbdesign/slavic   (4852 words)

A New Breed of Space Opera Of course this entire genre ignores, totally ignores, the astonishing impact ultra tech will have on human society. empire is modelled on Mandarin China, it is also clear that George Lucas' Galactic Empire is another one inspired by imperial Rome, with the republic becoming more and more corrupt and divorced from mainstream life (like certain politicians today), and then Caesar enters Rome with his legions. Asimov's crumbling galactic empire is an adaptation of Gibbon's www.orionsarm.com /intro/space_opera.html   (1782 words)

Refuting Racial Myths -- Correcting the misinformation at racial_myths Previous studies on human Y-chromosome polymorphisms in the European populations highlighted the high frequency of the 49a,f/TaqI haplotype 11 and of the Eu19 (M17) lineage in Eastern Europe. The Genetic Legacy of Paleolithic Homo sapiens sapiens in Extant Europeans: A Y Chromosome Perspective. Subsequent research has shown that Europeans largely descend from Paleolithic hunter-gatherers, and scientists have determined that Europeans mostly weathered the last ice age in refuges in Iberia and the Ukraine. www.white-history.com /refuting_rm/pcs.html   (2663 words)

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