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Topic: Protocol II

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	Protocol II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Protocol II: Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts.
		Protocol II is an amendment to the Geneva Conventions.
		The protocol enters into force on either December 7, 1979 (six months after its adoption by the conference), or six months after each party's ratification.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Protocol_II (122 words)

	Multilateral treaties deposited with the Secretary-General- TREATY I-XXVI--4.asp
		It is the understanding of the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium that the provisions of Protocol II as amended which by their contents or nature may be applied also in peacetime, shall be observed at all times.
		The provisions of amended Protocol II such as those concerning the marking, monitoring and protection of zones which contain anti-personnel mines and are under the control of a party, are applicable to all zones containing mines, irrespective of the date on which those mines were laid.
		However, provisions of the Amended Protocol II, such as those regarding marking, monitoring and protection of areas containing mines under the control of a high contracting party, shall apply to all areas containing mines, regardless of when the mines were emplaced.
	untreaty.un.org /ENGLISH/bible/englishinternetbible/partI/chapterXXVI/treaty4.asp (3251 words)

	Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of ...
		Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II), 1125 U.N.T.S. 609, entered into force Dec. 7, 1978.
		Nothing in this Protocol shall be invoked for the purpose of affecting the sovereignty of a State or the responsibility of the government, by all legitimate means, to maintain or re-establish law and order in the State or to defend the national unity and territorial integrity of the State.
		The original of this Protocol, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic shall be deposited with the depositary, which shall transmit certified true copies thereof to all the Parties to the Conventions.
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/instree/y6pagc.htm (2596 words)

	The Armed Conflict in Chechnya before the Russian Constitutional Court (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Court determined that at the international level the provisions of Protocol II were binding on both parties to the armed conflict and that the actions of the Russian armed forces in the conduct of the Chechen conflict violated Russia's international obligations under Additional Protocol II to the 1949 Geneva Conventions.
		It should be noted that states parties to Protocol II tend normally to do their utmost to avoid admitting the applicability of this Protocol to conflicts within their borders.
		It is important to emphasise the determination by the Court that the Russian Parliament had failed to pass legislation to implement Protocol II, and that this failure was one of the grounds - probably even the primary ground - for non-compliance by Russian military authorities with the rules embodied in the Protocol.
	www.ejil.org /journal/Vol7/No4/art7-02.html (1739 words)

	3 May 1996 Amendment, Protocol II - Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons
		This Protocol shall apply, in addition to situations referred to in Article I of this Convention, to situations referred to in Article 3 common to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949.
		The application of the provisions of this Protocol to parties to a conflict, which are not High Contracting Parties that have accepted this Protocol, shall not change their legal status or the legal status of a disputed territory, either explicitly or implicitly.
		(ii) with respect to remotely-delivered anti-personnel mines, comply with either the requirements for self-destruction or the requirements for self-deactivation and, with respect to other anti-personnel mines comply with at least the requirements for self-deactivation.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/policy/int/convention_conventional-wpns_prot-ii-3may1996.htm (4661 words)

	International Law and Internal Armed Conflicts: Clarifying the Interplay between Human Rights and Humanitarian ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Similarly, the Protocol II provisions that are set out in Article 6 regarding standards for the prosecution and punishment of criminal offences related to armed conflict, all have their unrestrictable, non-derogable equivalents, inter alia, under the ICCPR and the Torture Convention.
		[29] Second, Protocol II is notoriously difficult to apply both because the threshold for material application of Protocol II is considered quite high, and because states that are engaged in internal armed conflicts almost always refuse to accept that the Protocol applies to their situation.
		[30] Thus Protocol II, which was established in order to supplement the very rudimentary protections of Common Article 3, often proves a very unreliable source of protection for victims of internal armed conflict.
	www.jha.ac /articles/a059.htm (2672 words)

	OHCHR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		No reservation is admissible to the present Protocol, except for a reservation made at the time of ratification or accession that provides for the application of the death penalty in time of war pursuant to a conviction for a most serious crime of a military nature committed during wartime.
		For each State ratifying the present Protocol or acceding to it after the deposit of the tenth instrument of ratification or accession, the present Protocol shall enter into force three months after the date of the deposit of its own instrument of ratification or accession.
		The present Protocol, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations.
	www.unhchr.ch /html/menu3/b/a_opt2.htm (718 words)

	Angiotensin II induces insulin resistance independent of changes in interstitial insulin -- Richey et al. 277 (5): 920 ...
		Two separate protocols were performed on different dogs, with each protocol consisting of a basal period and two 3-h clamp periods.
		In protocol II (n = 5; B and D), insulin was infused from 0 to 180 min, and from 180 to 360 min ANG II was not infused; instead the insulin infusion rate was increased by 30% (to 1.3 mU · kg
		In protocol II, insulin infusion was increased from 180 to 360 min to mimic the modest hyperinsulinemia caused by ANG II in
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/277/5/E920 (3893 words)

	Army Lawyer December
		Protocol II of the convention covers land mines (including APL), booby traps, and "other devices" such as command detonated mines.
		Protocol II of the UNCCW addresses land mines generally; the United States is now considering ratifying the amended Protocol II that will further regulate the use of APL.
		Protocol On Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps and Other Devices, 10 Oct. 1980, 19 I.L.M. 1529 [hereinafter Protocol II].
	lawofwar.org /Barfield_landmines_army_lawyer.htm (2652 words)

	The Danish EU Presidency - eu2002.dk - Indlæg på vegne af EU: "Fjerde årskonference for deltagerlandene til ændrede ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Amended Protocol II also contributes to our general aim to reduce the humanitarian problems of landmines in general.
		While stressing the importance of Amended Protocol II, the EU welcomes the fact that 69 countries have now becomes States Parties to the Protocol.
		The EU welcomes this progress and urges in this respect all States Parties to adhere to the Amended Protocol II as soon as possible, as well as to any protocols to the CCW to which they are not yet party.
	www.eu2002.dk /news/news_read.asp?iInformationID=26011 (693 words)

	PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, Landmine Monitor Report 2000
		At the First Annual Conference for Amended Protocol II, China stated, “Amended Protocol II has provided the most appropriate ways and means to address the landmine issue.” China also regretted the lack of universality of Protocol II and said it is imperative to promote universality.
		On 22 April 1996, the Chinese government announced a moratorium on the export of mines not in conformity with the Amended Protocol II, and stated it would exercise the utmost restraint and strict control on the export of all AP mines.
		China’s Protocol II Article 13 report says operations were carried out from “the beginning of 1992 to the end of 1994 and from November 1997 to August 1999.” There are press accounts referring to ceremonies to note the end of the clearance operations dated 11 August 1999.
	www.icbl.org /lm/2000/china (3633 words)

	Case Law of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda: III) WAR CRIMES (Article 4)
		Protocol [II] can now be regarded as declaratory of existing rules or as having crystallized in emerging rules of customary law, but not all.” However, it did conclude that “[t]he list in Article 4 of the Statute.
		102-103: “[T]he requirements of Common Article 3 and Additional Protocol II apply in the whole territory where the conflict is occurring and are not limited to the ‘war front’ or to the ‘narrow geographical context of the actual theater of combat operations.’” See also Akayesu, (Trial Chamber), September 2, 1998, para.
		605-608: The enumerated Articles of Protocol II would protect “interned or detained persons, deprived of their liberty for reasons related to the armed conflict,” “wounded, sick and shipwrecked persons,” “religious and medical personnel,” as well as the civilian population and individual civilians.
	www.hrw.org /reports/2004/ij/ictr/5.htm (2898 words)

	An Overview of Reliable Multicast Transport Protocol II
		This has allowed the protocol to address more of the core features needed for reliable delivery without becoming overly complicated, and allows the "best of breed" of these separate components (both of which are the subject of very active research) to be used as they become mature.
		In a reliable multicast protocol, one of the major issues is deciding when to declare to a sender that all receivers have successfully received a packet so that it can be discarded from the sender's retransmission buffers.
		The protocol is designed to allow all receivers to continue to receive a data stream in the face of the failure of any single interior node.
	www.comsoc.org /ni/private/2000/jan/Whetten.html (10810 words)

	International Humanitarian Law - CCW Amended Protocol II
		Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps and Other Devices as amended on 3 May 1996 (Protocol II to the 1980 Convention as amended on 3 May 1996)
		This Protocol relates to the use on land of the mines, booby-traps and other devices, defined herein, including mines laid to interdict beaches, waterway crossings or river crossings, but does not apply to the use of anti-ship mines at sea or in inland waterways.
		Nothing in this Protocol shall be invoked for the purpose of affecting the sovereignty of a State or the responsibility of the Government, by all legitimate means, to maintain or re-establish law and order in the
	www.icrc.ch /ihl.nsf/385ec082b509e76c41256739003e636d/05e54e8fb1a42782c125641f002d5ee5 (4643 words)

	Additional Protocol No. 2 to Amend Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage ...
		Article IV As between the Parties to this Protocol, the Warsaw Convention as amended at The Hague in 1955 and this Protocol shall be read and interpreted together as one single instrument and shall be known as the Warsaw Convention as amended at The Hague, 1955, and by Additional Protocol No. 2 of Montreal, 1975.
		Article VI This Protocol shall be subject to ratification by the signatory States.
		This Protocol shall remain open for signature until 1 January 1976 at the Headquarters of the International Civil Aviation Organization and thereafter until it comes into force in accordance with Article VII at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the Polish People's Republic.
	www.jus.uio.no /lm/air.carriage.warsaw.convention.montreal.protocol.2.1975/doc (1259 words)

	Response of obligate heterozygotes for phytosterolemia to a low-fat diet and to a plant sterol ester dietary challenge ...
		Individual responses of LDL cholesterol to placebo spread and plant sterol ester spread in obligate phytosterolemic heterozygotes in Protocol I (A) and in Protocol II (B).
		Protocol I and Protocol II during the plant sterol ester spread
		Protocol II examined the effect of the plant sterol spread on
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/44/6/1143 (7513 words)

	MEMORANDUM TO DELEGATES OF THE FOURTH ANNUAL MEETING OF STATES PARTIES (Human Rights Watch Press release, )
		Only ten of the sixty-eight States Parties to Amended Protocol II are not signatories or party to the 1997 Mine Ban Treaty: China, Estonia, Finland, India, Israel, Latvia, Morocco, Pakistan, South Korea, and the United States of America.
		In addition, four States Parties to the original Protocol II have used antipersonnel mines in the last four years: Georgia, Israel (which is now a State Party to the amended protocol), Russia (in Chechnya and Tajikistan), and Uzbekistan.
		Article 5 of Amended Protocol II is intended to protect civilians from the impact of non-remotely-delivered antipersonnel mines.
	www.hrw.org /press/2002/12/ccwapii202.htm (2364 words)

	IT Architect \| Network Protocols Part Two \| January 1, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		High-level Data-Link Control (HDLC) is a protocol from ISO, which also conforms to the OSI model.
		To make matters more confusing, most middle-layer protocols on the market today do not fit neatly into the OSI model's transport and session layers, since many were created before the ISO began work on the OSI model.
		Where existing protocols are not incorporated, interfaces to the OSI model are being implemented.
	www.itarchitect.com /article/NMG20000726S0007 (2480 words)

	Society of Professional Journalists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts, 8 June 1977.
		If, however, on the expiry of six months, the denouncing Party is engaged in the situation referred to in Article 1, the denunciation shall not take effect before the end of the armed conflict.
		The depositary shall also inform the Secretariat of the United Nations of all ratifications, accessions and denunciations received by it with respect to this Protocol.
	www.globalissuesgroup.com /geneva/protocol2.html (1847 words)

	Routers Protocols: Internet Protocol
		This protocol is used for transaction-oriented utilities such as the IP standard Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP).
		Internet Protocol Security Option (IPSO) The IP implementation supports the Department of Defense (DoD) IPSO on a per-interface basis, ensuring that the integrity of datagrams requiring a high level of security is not compromised when received or transmitted by a Bay Networks router.
		Priorities can be assigned to packets based on their protocol, source network, destination network, packet type, and other protocol-specific fields, as well as other fields that are identifiable by an offset in a packet.
	www.arvelo.net /net-bay-ip.html (9527 words)

	Neonatal-Mouse Infectivity of Intact Cryptosporidium parvum Oocysts Isolated after Optimized In Vitro Excystation -- ...
		To determine which of the three protocols (2, 3, 11) were capable
		Protocols I and II outlined by Black et al.
		I and II is consistent with the findings of Neumann et al.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/70/1/642 (2723 words)

	protocol1.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Namely, that by means of mistaken identities (possibly explained in the physiological terms of the senses, which are corrected at once), affinities and identities, the lasting reward of this error, establish a connection in a deeper sphere to which the error was a bridge.
		The test subject tells the protocol's transcriber that he prefers not to be addressed in the familiar "du" (you) form.
		The interpretation of II is given next as: Yakut women who are touching one another; I is seen as two poodles, the one in the foreground disappearing as a third poodle comes into view.
	www.wbenjamin.org /protocol1.html (18312 words)

	Intensive Treatment of Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia According to ALL-BFM-86 Without Cranial Radiotherapy: ...
		The treatment scheme is summarized in Table 1, while details of the protocol ALL-7 are given in Appendix II.
		Induction treatment according to protocol I could be evaluated in 217 of 218 patients: 1 RG patient was lost to follow-up
		II (110 patients in ALL-BFM-86 and 44 patients in DCLSG), the
	www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/94/4/1226 (5455 words)

	Protocol II - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It is also possible to receive news by email and three mailgroups have been established for that purpose; one for those interested in general news on Protocol II, one for SMEs and one for those interested in becoming consultants.
		Stephen Hagen of Interact International advised that Protocol 2 is breaking new ground and is new, innovative and having a great impact.
		A further five consultants were trained at this second training event held by BCC at Chesford Grange, near Kenilworth.
	www.protocol2.info (268 words)

	OST 512 Protocol--Neuromusculoskeletal II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Four written examinations, two web-based quizzes, one computer based examination and one computer case simulation will be used to determine the grade for NMS II.
		Such action may include giving a failing grade to the student in the course and/or referring the student for judicial review and possible disciplinary action which may include disciplinary suspension from the College.
		Evaluation of OST 512-NMS II faculty is not mandatory but is requested and strongly encouraged.
	www.com.msu.edu /aa/unitII/OST512/pr_ost512.shtml (1383 words)

	ScanTool.net Support Helpdesk
		All cars and light trucks built for sale in the United States after 1996 are required to be OBD-II compliant.
		US car manufacturers were not allowed to use CAN until model year 2003, and as of this writing (June 2005) ScanTool.net, LLC is working on a CAN-compatible interface.
		As a general rule, you can determine which protocol your vehicle is using by looking at the pinout of the DLC:
	www.scantool.net /support/index.php?_a=knowledgebase&_j=questiondetails&_i=3 (492 words)

	Disarmament Documentation: Fourth Annual Conference on CCW Amended Protocol II on Landmines, Geneva, December 11 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Protocol II was amended on 3 May 1996 at the First Review Conference of the States Parties to the CCW.
		The number of States Parties to Amended Protocol II rose from 45 at the time of the First Annual Conference in 1999 to the current number of 69.
		The Conference received national annual reports from 38 States Parties containing material on the dissemination of information on Amended Protocol II to armed forces and civilian populations.
	www.acronym.org.uk /docs/0212/doc10.htm (302 words)

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