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	Wikipedia: Trabzon
		Trabzon, formerly known as Trebizond, is a city on the Black Sea coast of north-eastern Turkey.
		Alexius I, a grandson of Byzantine emperor Andronicus I Comnenus and Georgian King David the Builder, made Trebizond the seat of an empire, and because of this connection the polity was sometimes referred to as the Comnenan Empire.
		Trebizond controlled an area across the southern Black Sea coast, and parts of the Crimean peninsula and Kerch briefly in the thirteenth century.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/t/tr/trabzon.html (714 words)

	CONK! Encyclopedia: Trabzon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The city was pillaged by the Goths in 258, and, although it was afterwards re-built, Trapezus did not recover until the trade route regained importance in the 8th to 10th centuries.
		Trebizond was captured during World War I by forces under the command of the Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolayevich of Russia.
		Within the province itself, the main attractions are the Sumela monastery and Uzungol.
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=Trabzon (869 words)

	Pontus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pontus - a province of Asia Minor, stretching along the southern coast of the Euxine Sea, corresponding nearly to the modern province of Trebizond.
		In the time of the apostles it was a Roman province.
		Strangers from this province were at Jerusalem at Pentecost (Acts 2:9), and to "strangers scattered throughout Pontus," among others, Peter addresses his first epistle (1 Pet.
	www.biblelearn.com /east2981.htm (80 words)

	The [True] ORDER OF SAINT EUGENE OF TREBIZOND - NEW BYZANTIUM
		THE establishment of the Empire of Trebizond is based on a branch of the prestigious Anatolian family of the Comnenus of Komana in Pontus who due to a dispute with the Byzantine Emperor sought refuge in Georgia.
		The churches of Trebizond and of the surrounding area have a different appearance due to their walls which are constructed from soft rock that is very well shaped.
		It was constructed in a cave at an altitude of 1,628 meters in the valley of Macka in the mountains of Zigana, 54km to the south of Trebizond.
	www.new-byzantium.org /trebizon.html (3881 words)

	Jere's Ars Magica Saga: Trebizond
		As significant as it is in the grain trade, Trebizond is more important as a commercial center in which converged trade routes coming by sea from Cherson and by land from the Caucasus, Central Asia, Syria, Constantinople and from throughout Anatolia.
		Trebizond flourished because of its fine harbor and location at the head of the best routes from the sea to the interior and Iran.
		Trebizond is the main city of the Eastern Black Sea area.
	www.geocities.com /TimesSquare/Labyrinth/2398/bginfo/geo/trebizon.html (1190 words)

	ANDROS (ISL.) - LoveToKnow Article on ANDROS (ISL.) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		He was removed from court, but received the province of Cilicia.
		Into that province Andronicus, with a body of adventurers, made frequent and successful incursions.
		While he was absent upon one of them, his castle was surprised by the governor of Trebizond, and Theodora with her two children were captured and sent to Constantinople.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AN/ANDROS_ISL_.htm (1348 words)

	Andronicus I Comnenus Information - TextSheet.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Failing in his principal enterprise, an attack upon Mopsuestia, he returned, but was again appointed to the command of a province.
		Being still under the displeasure of the emperor, Andronicus fled to the court of Raymond, prince of Antioch.
		While Andronicus was on one of his incursions, his castle was surprised by the Governor of Trebizond, and Theodora with her two children were captured and sent to Constantinople.
	sparrow.sferahost.com /encyclopedia/a/an/andronicus_i_comnenus.html (1044 words)

	Trabzon Province - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Trabzon is a province of Turkey on the Black Sea coast.
		Its adjacent provinces are Giresun to the west, Gumushane to the southwest, Bayburt to the southeast and Rize to the east.
		An important Roman and Byzantine centre, it was the capital of the Empire of Trebizond from 1204 to 1461.
	www.hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Trabzon_Province (265 words)

	TREBIZOND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In the Armenian campaign of Nero's reign Trebizond, the gate of Armenia, was the port through which the Roman army conveyed its supplies; and in the civil wars which followed his death this “illustrious,” this “long famous city,” as Mela and Tacitus
		Among those present at the Council of Nice was the Bishop of Trebizond; the Bishop in the eighth century became a Metropolitan; in the reign of Justinian one of his successors became Patriarch at
		Trebizond was naturally an important position in Justinian's Persian war, and a portrait of Belisarius long adorned the church of St. Basil, while to that great general is ascribed the restoration of the famous monastery of Soumela, a conspicuous landmark of history, founded in the reign of Theodosius the Great by two monks from
	www.orthodoxchristianity.net /texts/TrebizondCh1.html (1342 words)

	Pontus
		Most of Pontus was for administrative purposes united by the Romans with the province of Bithynia, though the eastern part subsisted as a separate kingdom under Polemon and his house, 36 BC to 63 AD, and the southwestern portion was incorporated with the province of Galatia.
		In 1461 Trebizond was taken by Mohammed the Conqueror, since which date Pontus, with its conglomerate population of Turks, Armenians, Greeks and fragments of other races, has been a part of the Ottoman empire.
		A province of Asia Minor, stretching along the southern coast of the Euxine Sea, corresponding nearly to the modern province of Trebizond.
	holycall.com /biblemaps/pontus.htm (1304 words)

	The History of the Decline and Fall of The Roman Empire - Vol 4 - Chapter XLVIII Part VI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The governor of Trebizond succeeded in his attempt to surprise the person of Theodora: the queen of Jerusalem and her two children were sent to Constantinople, and their loss imbittered the tedious solitude of banishment.
		The provinces were forgotten, the capital was in flames, and a century of peace and order was overthrown in the vice and weakness of a few months.
		He prohibited the inhuman practice of pillaging the goods and persons of shipwrecked mariners; the provinces, so long the objects of oppression or neglect, revived in prosperity and plenty; and millions applauded the distant blessings of his reign, while he was cursed by the witnesses of his daily cruelties.
	www.worldwideschool.org /library/books/hst/roman/TheDeclineandFallofTheRomanEmpire-4/chap48.html (4537 words)

	Chapter Emperors Decius, Gallus, Æmilianus, Valerian And Gallienus. of History of The Decline And Fall of The ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Trebizond, celebrated in the retreat of the ten thousand as an ancient colony of Greeks, derived its wealth and splendor from the magnificence of the emperor Hadrian, who had constructed an artificial port on a coast left destitute by nature of secure harbors.
		The city was large and populous; a double enclosure of walls seemed to defy the fury of the Goths, and the usual garrison had been strengthened by a reenforcement of ten thousand men.
		The robust youth of the sea-coast were chained to the oar; and the Goths, satisfied with the success of their first naval expedition, returned in triumph to their new establishment in the kingdom of Bosphorus.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/1/62/109/25652/11.html (835 words)

	Empire of Trebizond (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Empire of Trebizond was a successor state of the Byzantine Empire founded in 1204 after the Fourth Crusade.
		When Constantinople fell to European armies in 1204, three smaller Greek "empires" emerged from the wreckage: the Empire of Nicaea, the Despotate of Epirus, and the Empire of Trebizond.
		Trebizond controlled a contiguous area across the southern Black Sea coast, and, briefly in the thirteenth century, even parts of the Crimean peninsula and Kerch on the Black Sea's northern shore.
	www.information-and-answers.com /resource-Empire_of_Trebizond.html (551 words)

	CSDirectory.com - Bible Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Gadara was captured by Vespasian on the first outbreak of the war with the Jews, all its inhabitants were massacred, and the town itself, with the surrounding villages, was reduced to ashes.
		[E] a province of Asia Minor, stretching along the southern coast of the Euxine Sea, corresponding nearly to the modern province of Trebizond.
		Strangers from this province were at Jerusalem at Pentecost (Acts 2:9), and to "strangers scattered throughout Pontus," among others, Peter addresses his first epistle (1 Peter 1:1).
	www.csdirectory.com /biblestudy/places-09-19-04.html (2329 words)

	The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire Chapter 48
		His subjects contributed, with zeal and alacrity, to chastise the guilt and presumption of a province which had usurped the rights of the senate and people; the young emperor sailed from the Hellespont with a powerful fleet; and the legions of Rome and Carthage were assembled under his standard in the harbor of Syracuse.
		In the character of a judge he was assiduous and impartial; desirous to save, but not afraid to strike: the oppressors of the people were severely chastised; but his personal foes, whom it might be unsafe to pardon, were condemned, after the loss of their eyes, to a life of solitude and repentance.
		Basil was the acknowledged sovereign of Constantinople and the provinces of Europe; but Asia was oppressed by two veteran generals, Phocas and Sclerus, who, alternately friends and enemies, subjects and rebels, maintained their independence, and labored to emulate the example of successful usurpation.
	www.ccel.org /g/gibbon/decline/volume2/chap48.htm (19171 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Europe
		In the States of Eastern Europe, Austria-Hungary, Russia, and the Balkan provinces, 57 percent belong to the Oriental Churches, 9.2 per cent are non-Christian, 6 per cent are Protestant, and 27 per cent are Catholic.
		The movement soon gained the northern countries, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and the Baltic provinces; these all gave their adherence (1530) to the so-called Augsburg Confession, while the upper German imperial cities, Strasburg, Constance, Lindau, Memmingen, held to the Tetrapolitan Confession of the so-called Reformed Church founded by Zwingli and especially strong in Switzerland.
		In the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy there are 3 provinces of the Oriental Greek Church: the Austrian, or Province of Czernowitz, with the suffragan Dioceses of Zara and Cattaro, the Archdiocese of Karlowitz (Patriarch-Archbishop), with 6 suffragans, and the Archdiocese of Herrmannstadt, with 2 suffragans.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/05607b.htm (7585 words)

	Articles - Alexius I of Trebizond (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Those three places all declared for Alexius, and while he remained cautiously in the neighbourhood of Trebizond, his brother Caesar David, aided by the Georgians and local mercenaries, made himself master of Pontus and Paphlagonia, including Kastamonu, said to be the ancestral castle of the Comneni.
		Cherson, Kerch and their hinterlands were governed as an overseas province called Perateia ('beyond the sea').
		Kai Khosrau I, the new Sultan of Iconium, besieged Trebizond in 1205 or 1206.
	www.gaple.com /articles/Alexius_I_of_Trebizond (1013 words)

	Trabzon, Trebizond, Trapezus, Trapezounta, Τραπεζούντα (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The see of Trapezus was supposedly founded by St. Andrew the Apostle; Eugenius, its patron saint, was martyred under the Roman emperor Diocletian (reigned 284-305).
		In the 9th century the city was made the capital of a new military province of Chaldia.
		After the sack of Constantinople by the crusaders in 1204, two grandsons of the emperor Andronicus I Comnenus escaped and founded an independent offshoot of the Byzantine Empire at Trapezus, with Prince Alexius Comnenus as emperor.
	www.karalahana.com /english/trebizond.html (939 words)

	Free Bible Dictionary:All P Contents Page - Wikichristian.org
		This province was subdivided into these districts, (1) Peraea proper, lying between the rivers Arnon and Jabbok; (2) Galaaditis (Gilead); (3) Batanaea; (4) Gaulonitis (Jaulan); (5) Ituraea or Auranitis, the ancient Bashan; (6) Trachonitis; (7) Abilene; (8) Decapolis, i.e., the region of the ten cities.
		He was a native of Tarsus, the capital of Cilicia, a Roman province in the south-east of Asia Minor.
		That city stood on the banks of the river Cydnus, which was navigable thus far; hence it became a centre of extensive commercial traffic with many countries along the shores of the Mediterranean, as well as with the countries of central Asia Minor.
	www.christianwiki.com /index.php?title=Free_Bible_Dictionary:All_P_Contents_Page (18877 words)

	Georgia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Sebasteia was the capital city of the former Byzantine province of Armenia Prima, and Sivas is today the capital city of the velyat of Sivas, in Turkey, in Cappodocia.
		I found a village Sebasteia in the province of Nabulus, ancient Samaria, renamed Sebastes (Augusta), and Sebastopol twice - one on the Crimea and one (now drowned) on the north-eastern shore of the Black Sea, and of course Sebastopol in Sonoma county,California.
		The Georgians were commonly known as "Christians of the Girdle", supposedly because their patron saint used his girdle to bind up the dragon's body after he had killed it with his lance.
	fotw.vexillum.com /flags/ge.html (2288 words)

	ARCS - LoveToKnow Article on ARCS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Plans and photoiphs of the shrines were taken in 1897 by Dr F. Sarre of Berlin ci published in 1901 (Denkmciler Persischer Baukunsl; 65 large io plates).
		European and Chinese merchants resided at Ardebil in the ddle ages, and for a lung time the city was a great emporium central Asian and Indian merchandise, which was forwarded Europe via Tabriz, Trebizond and the Black Sea, and also way of the Caucasus and the Volga.
		Since the beginning of 16th century, when Persia fell under the sway of the Safavis, place has been much frequented by pilgrims who come to It their devotions at the shrine of Shaikh Safi.
	64.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AR/ARCS.htm (2579 words)

	The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, by Edward Gibbon (chapter48)
		The Imperial troops, unwilling and unable to perpetrate the revenge of Justinian, escaped his displeasure by abjuring his allegiance: the fleet, under their new sovereign, steered back a more auspicious course to the harbors of Sinope and Constantinople; and every tongue was prompt to pronounce, every hand to execute, the death of the tyrant.
		By this hasty flight, the empress was left on the brink of the precipice; yet before she implored the mercy of her son, Irene addressed a private epistle to the friends whom she had placed about his person, with a menace, that unless they accomplished, she would reveal, their treason.
		Their patrimonial estate was situate in the district of Castamona, in the neighborhood of the Euxine; and one of their chiefs, who had already entered the paths of ambition, revisited with affection, perhaps with regret, the modest though honorable dwelling of his fathers.
	etext.library.adelaide.edu.au /g/gibbon/edward/g43d/chapter48.html (19539 words)

	Rize (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Here nature and man blend with geography and architecture in matchless harmony, as buildings seem to hang from the slopes of lush green valleys and delicate bridges span gushing streams that flow from snowy mountains down to the sea.
		On ground floor are displayed inscriptions and tombstones found in the province capital, while on the first floor there is carved wood of architectural provenance, weaving equipment and ethnographical artifacts.
		Castles in the province were built at strategic points with the purpose of guarding the country round about, facilitating communications, and lodging a sufficient quantity of soldiers.
	www.silkspicetravel.com /rize.htm (6096 words)

	TREBIZOND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		But the two brothers were not free from dangerous neighbours, and even rivals of their own race.
		The western frontier of Trebizond, which had been a few years earlier Erekli, and more recently Cape Kerembé, was now limited by the Rivers Iris and Thermodon, the modern Jeschil Yrmak and Terme, only 155 miles in a straight line from the capital.
		Nor was it altogether an evil that the loss of Sinope and his western provinces cut him off from direct contact with the rival Empire of Nicæa.
	www.orthodoxchristianity.net /texts/TrebizondCh2.html (1052 words)

	Bible Study on BibleStudyGuide.org. Study the Bible on the Internet. Topics include God, Christ, Bible, religions, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It was written from Babylon, on the Euphrates, which was at this time one of the chief seats of Jewish learning, and a fitting centre for labour among the Jews.
		It has been noticed that in the beginning of his epistle Peter names the provinces of Asia Minor in the order in which they would naturally occur to one writing from Babylon.
		Philippi - (1.) Formerly Crenides, "the fountain," the capital of the province of Macedonia.
	www.biblestudyguide.org /dictionary-encyclopedia/eastons/ebd/T0002900.html (13744 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - World Conquest for Dummies
		Trebizond, while grown to nine provinces, was struggling under a heavy financial burden with awful inflation.
		Whereas there are many orthodox provinces, there are far more catholic ones, and they are in the richer parts of the world.
		Then I was stupid enough to take some Venician provinces leaving me with all 4 known religions, which was almost certainly what killed me after waves of revolts.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?s=d6be02029999652ac79d661e2780562f&t=34402&page=3&pp=25 (4430 words)

	TABLE OF CONTENTS
		Bayazid the elder, who was governor of the province of Amasia, was a man of mild nature who cared for the arts of peace, and would have been well contented to rest upon the conquests which had been already achieved, and to enjoy the fruits of the labours of his fathers.
		From the province of Trebizond of which he was the governor, he marched to Europe at the head of an army, and appearing at the gates of Hadrianople, demanded to be assigned an European province.
		Until the empire began to decline and the system became established of leaving the provinces to be exploited by officials who had paid heavy sums for their posts, the condition of the subject Christian population as a whole was perhaps more prosperous under Turkish rule than it had been before.
	www.uni-mannheim.de /mateo/camenaref/cmh/cmh103.html (16720 words)

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