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Topic: Proxemics

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	Proxemics in the ESL Classroom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Proxemics is the study of one's perception and use of space.
		Proxemics is one of the most important aspects of non-verbal communication.
		Then they might compare these people's proxemic behavior in relation to the situation, culture, sex of participants, etc. It is very important for students to observe without judging; they need to understand that these behaviors are just different, not better or worse.
	www.au.af.mil /au/awc/awcgate/state/proxemics.htm (1834 words)

	Language in India
		Proxemic research looks for patterned distinctions while studying individual differences; it aims to identify the role of proxemic behaviour in an unconscious behaviour, it resembles the phenomena akin to tone of voice, or even stress and pitch in a human language.
		Proxemic behaviour used for communication can be looked at from the point of view of proxemic communication in and with cultural artifacts, proxemic communication in social groups or proxemic communication predominantly governed by and for social group axioms/dicta, and proxemic communication between individuals.
		Proxemic communication in and with cultural artifacts also modulate the proxemic behaviour generally prescribed by social dicta in the sense that the former reflects not only the social dicta but also the ideals of the social dicta, along with varying values attached to adherence to social dicta as well as deviations from them.
	www.languageinindia.com /nov2003/proxemicbehavior.html (9878 words)

	The Significance of Body Proxemics
		A fascinating area in the nonverbal world of body language is that of spatial relationships, or proxemics, the study of man's appreciation and use of space.
		The term "proxemics" was coined by a researcher E.T. Hall in 1963 when he investigated man's use of personal space in contrast with "fixed" and "semi-fixed" feature space.
		The proxemics of the furniture itself and how it defines our use of distance establishes a key factor in what we consider to be a cozy, comfortable, family atmosphere.
	members.aol.com /katydidit/bodylang.htm (1508 words)

	Proxemics Research
		Over a period of time this could enable researchers to build up a commensurable body of results, using proxemic behavior as a dependent variable, where the magnitude and nature of the effect of these different types of influences could be directly compared.
		My own feeling is that proxemic behavior is deeply rooted and not fundamentally affected by the scenario (except perhaps by the stress produced by the "different" environment, which appears to dissipate fairly quickly).
		The methods described here are general enough to permit the simultaneous analysis of the sequential relational variables and attribute variables (such as sex of actors or emotional status of the dyad) recorded on either the dyad or the actors.
	sharktown.com /proxemics/intro.html (1965 words)

	Getting Through Customs
		Proxemics includes not only personal distances, but also the unstated rules for laying out houses and towns.
		In addition to charting conversational distances, proxemics researchers study the layout and design of the spaces in which we live.
		But, when it comes to proxemics issues, this is easier said than done.
	www.getcustoms.com /2004GTC/Articles/iw0100.html (1025 words)

	Proxemics
		The term ``proxemics'' was coined by researcher Edward Hall during the 1950's and 1960's and has to do with the study of our use of space and how various differences in that use can make us feel more relaxed or anxious.
		But these are only two of more than twenty major aspects of proxemics such as eye-contact, facial expression, smells, body warmth, gender, number of people involved, subject matter, and goals of the communication, for which we continuously and automatically adjust our use of space.
		In conclusion, it is my hope that I have made you more aware of the ways in which proxemics can affect the success of our interpersonal communication.
	www.cs.unm.edu /~sheppard/proxemics.htm (711 words)

	CSISS Classics - Edward T. Hall: Proxemic Theory, 1966
		Hall is most associated with proxemics, the study of the human use of space within the context of culture.
		In The Hidden Dimension (1966), Hall developed his theory of proxemics, arguing that human perceptions of space, although derived from sensory apparatus that all humans share, are molded and patterned by culture.
		Edward Hall's theory of proxemics suggests that people will maintain differing degrees of personal distance depending on the social setting and their cultural backgrounds.
	www.csiss.org /classics/content/13 (667 words)

	Roman Tokarczyk Homepage - Essay
		While defining legal proxemics, one should indicate that it is concerned with describing the influence of different aspects, different spaces and diverse space patterns upon legally essential types of human behavior, both lawful and unlawful.
		The most manifest are the connections of legal proxemics with such legal disciplines as legal archeology, history of law, and legal cultures, because these disciplines provide legal proxemics with descriptions of objects in legal space and its patterns.
		Legal proxemics can in turn broaden the subject of legal archeology, history of law, and legal cultures by showing the driving force of legal space and its patterns in the historical and present-day processes of making, applying and enforcing the law.
	temida.umcs.lublin.pl /users/rtokarcz/proxem/prox10.htm (524 words)

	Proxemics
		The important aspect of proxemics is that areas very close to our body is usually reserved for people we are intimate with, whereas space further away from our body is open to persons one is less intimate with.
		The importance of proxemics in business communication is important for a number of reasons: Through the distance that is chosen when communicating to one another, people express their degree of intimacy and trust towards that person.
		Therefore, for a person from a culture where the personal distance is generally close, a person from a culture where personal distance is generally greater may appear as evading and possibly mistrusting.
	stephan.dahl.at /nonverbal/proxemics.html (345 words)

	invenção
		Proxemics as "the interrelated observations and theories of man's use of space as a specialized elaboration of culture" could be a prolific theoretical sphere to be explored in what concerns interactive languages.
		As part of a more global system -where proxemics chats with culture and is, at some point, animated by human behaviors-, it would be yielding to make this particular notion of proxemics intersect with the more general one, which defines the general communication system.
		At the same time she is working in her installation's project about proxemics -supported by the Hypermedia Studio of the University of California, Los Angeles, which would be performed next year- and in a CD ROM project about cultural identity.
	www.itaucultural.org.br /invencao/papers/195.htm (570 words)

	Termpapers on Proxemics
		A clear explanation of spatial relations is easily understood with the study of proxemics.
		Proxemics is the study of the nature, degree, and effect of the spatial separation individuals naturally maintain (as in various social and interpersonal situations) and of how this separation …
		The study of proxemics shows that people are more on a defense then offense.
	www.custompapers.net /research/Proxemics-26660.html (159 words)

	Gender
		Just by simply looking at proxemics in these contexts, one could easily infer whether the subway passengers were particularly leery of a bum asleep in the corner of the train, which of the students were best friends, or even determine whether the old couple had just had an argument.
		That may be another reason why the males that were included in my experiment were more willing to share their space with me. Since they were taller than me, even when I did come close to them, they were still standing over me and therefore appeared more dominant.
		In relation to the violators of proxemic norms, it would be interesting to investigate whether college students at Penn have a predisposition image of a proxemic violator.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /plc/communication/shivana.htm (3208 words)

	:: come closer - proxemics and mobile communication :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		But the three dimensions of the body, even as seen in egocentric space, are not directly relevant (clothing details, not garments, are found back or front, to the left or to the right); instead, it is distance from the body which counts.
		The several layers of clothing may indeed be compared to protective shells, not dissimilar to those of proxemics, but located inside the latter (for which cf.
		Proxemics is a term used to describe the study of the social uses of space.
	people.interaction-ivrea.it /d.agnelli/comecloser (2164 words)

	What She Wrote : Don’t stand so close to me!
		Proxemics and kinesics together are popularly known as "body language".
		The term ``proxemics'' was coined by researcher Edward Hall in 1963.
		In plainer English, proxemics is the study of positioning, both of bodies and of objects.
	site-essential.com /kathyk/index.php?p=542 (831 words)

	FirstAndLast ProxemicS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		According to proxemics an individual seeks the balance between spatial crowdedness and emptiness in his surroundings and interacts with his environment to maintain this balance.
		Often quoted example is the density of tables in a Mediterranean cafeteria vs. the density in a Scandinavian one.
		To overcome these limits a human observer uses two strategies: One, shifting the focus of proxemic or attention spheres, as in choosing where to sit in a new environment or observing a distant incident.
	studio.kyperjokki.fi /FirstAndLast/ProxemicS (1077 words)

	Mid Frame
		Proxemics, derived from the Latin term Proxemus meaning "nearest" is how people communicate non-verbally through the use of territory and spatial relationships.
		Having a better understanding of Proxemics will enable the user to indentify these mechanisms at work, thereby breaking down the objects blocking their path.
		Other examples of proxemic customs of this area of the world, include smells, size to power ratio, and placement of ego concept.
	www.colostate.edu /Depts/Speech/rccs/theory07.htm (1144 words)

	Szirine Magazine - USA - Serafin Roldan-Santiago, Keeping Your Distance: American Proxemics (2005-07-01) - literary ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Apparently, it is this sense of cultural relativity that has attracted and intrigued anthropologists and psychologists to the study of proxemics.
		I lived in Austria for a few years and noticed that Austrians are very close talkers yet are less likely to hug or hold the hand of the stranger whose face is inches away.
		It would be interesting to see whether the breaking of another's proxemics automatically creates an antagonistic relationship or changes the interaction in any significant way.
	www.szirine.com /countrytemplate.php?id=97 (1379 words)

	Proxemics and the Communicative Aspects of Space
		Proxemics: The study of how groups and people systematically use space.
		The four proxemic distances and theories of personal space.
		Edward T. Hall has identified four proxemic distances that people tend to use to define the space around themselves.
	www.saintmarys.edu /~berdayes/vincehome/courses/comm200/notes/proxemicsf02.html (460 words)

	Proxemics and U.S. Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Have you ever heard anyone say "They're in the U.S. now, let them do it our way." This activity demonstrates how deeply ingrained our cultural behavior is and how difficult it would be to change it.
		Rules for Personal Space in the U.S. Proxemics is the study of the rules in a culture about space.
		The rules of space proxemics are well defined in all cultures.
	www.everythingesl.net /inservices/proxemics_elevator.php (551 words)

	Proxemics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bus shelter with seats with armrests, designed to deter proximity, as well as sleeping.
		The term proxemics was introduced by anthropologist Edward T. Hall in 1963 to describe the measureable distances between people as they interacted.
		Hall pointed out that social distance between people is reliably correlated with physical distance, and described four distances:
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Proxemics (347 words)

	triple j's unearthed 2004 \| NSW \| Proxemics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Proxemics originally started in early 2003, with Chris, Owen and Aaron being the founding members with Sarah approached just recently to sing.
		Proxemics mixes power, sound and melody to create a unique blend of flavourous ear candy.
		Proxemics attracts audiences who appreciate a full sound and emoitional songs.
	www.abc.net.au /triplej/unearthed/bands/6473.htm (129 words)

	About OCAD \| News & Events \| News Releases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The show, consisting of work from both schools, has been divided into two legs: the first taking place at the Anna Leonowens Gallery in Halifax, and the second at the OCAD Gallery in Toronto.
		Proxemics features a range of pieces that explore the concepts of proximity and space in relationships.
		From pieces that shroud the body in armor, to belly button jewels, edible rings and elaborate neck ware, Proxemics is a cerebral mix of work addressing ideas like self defense, romance, sex, pain and healing.
	www.ocad.on.ca /about/news_events/new_release_detail.cfm?newid=854&year=2002 (311 words)

	Communication Theory: A First Look
		Those who judge the validity of Hall’s proxemic theory by the rigor and vigor of his reported research usually relegate it to the category of idle speculation.
		The first four are obvious proxemic indicators, while the last four seem to be ways of either gauging distance or compensating for inappropriate spacing.
		Her nonverbal expectancy violations model predicts that in some cases, breaking the rules will even help the offender reach a communication goal, She begins with the same assumption as Hall-that there’s a culturally appropriate distance at which one should interact, Perhaps at your school the normal student-professor discussion occurs at a distance of three feet.
	www.afirstlook.com /archive/proxemic.cfm?source=archther (2803 words)

	Space and Culture: Proxemics
		"Proxemics [is] the study of the human use of space within the context of culture.
		I find it a bit odd that proxemics has received little attention by tech researchers or those interested in embodied interaction, especially given his propensity for systems-thinking.
		But for more on proxemics - one of several nonverbal communication theories - and distance (Halls' Hidden Dimension) see this page on Proxemic Theory.
	www.spaceandculture.org /2004/01/proxemics.php (287 words)

	Proxemics
		They are able to influence the behavior of others and “read” the messages others send to them through their use of space.
		Proxemics is an often-overlooked form of communication, but an important concept to master in the business world.
		Our choice of seats is another area of proxemics to consider.
	www.bremercommunications.com /Proxemics_How_We_Use_Space.htm (747 words)

	Nonverbal Communication Theories
		According to anthropologist Edward Hall, proxemics refers to the study of how humans construct and manage “microspace”--the distance between people in the conduct of everyday transactions, the organization of space in their houses and buildings, and the designof their towns.
		Humans’ use of space can be thought of as a specialized elaboration of culture.
		Proxemics is related to haptics - touching behavior; commmunication via touch.
	oregonstate.edu /instruct/comm321/gwalker/nonverbal.htm (416 words)

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