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Topic: Prussian language

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List of Baltic languages

Old Prussian language

Baltic languages

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Sudovian language

Prussian people

Prussian King

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Lithuanian language

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Origins of Prussia

Etruscan language

Celtiberian Language

	Prussian Language Reconstructions
		All testified Prussian words are provided with references to their sources, all reconstructed words having references to authors of the reconstruction.
		The latter became to be generalized on the stressed positions, too, in Prussian of the 13th c., and coincided with the back open /ā/ tending to be diphthongized under the stress parallelly to the diphthongized pronunciation of the stressed long /ē/ (Klusis, cf.
		In this section Prussian words are represented in the same generalized achronical spelling, as in the Dictionary; supposed forms are marked with the asterisk; for the attested spellings cf.
	poshka.bizland.com /prussian/reconstructions.htm (3036 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Sudovian language
		Closely related to the Old Prussian language, it was formerly spoken in Galindia and Sudovia in Prussia.
		The southern Prussian districts of Sudovia and Galindia were partially overtaken and conquered by Slavs around present-day Bialystok and Suwalki in north-eastern Poland and nearby Hrodna (formerly Grodno) in Belarus.
		Some elements of the Baltic language are still retained in the Belarus and Ukraine territory due to settlements of refugees and prisoners from Prussia.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Sudovian-language (200 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Old Prussians
		The land of the Old Prussians consisted approximately of central and southern East Prussia — the present-day Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship of Poland, the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia, and the southern Klaipėda Region of Lithuania.
		Records of the Old Prussian language therefore survive; along with the little-known Galindian and the better-known Sudovian, these records are all that remain of the West Baltic language group.
		Because of the assimilation of the Old Prussians by Germans, Poles, and Lithuanians, the Old Prussian language probably became extinct with the decimation of the rural population by the plague of 1701, but translations of the Bible, Old Prussian poems, and some other texts survived and have enabled scholars to reconstruct the language.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Prussian_people (1352 words)

	Old Prussian language - Biocrawler
		Old Prussian is an extinct Baltic language spoken by the inhabitants of the area that later became East Prussia (now in north-eastern Poland, Lithuania and the Kaliningrad oblast of Russia) prior to Polish and German colonization of the area beginning in the 13th century.
		These new immigrants caused a slow decline in the use of Old Prussian as Prussians began to adopt the languages of the newcomers.
		Old Prussian probably ceased to be spoken around the end of the 17th century with the great plague.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Old_Prussian_language (332 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Prussian
		Old Prussian denotes a now-extinct Baltic language spoken by the inhabitants of the area that later became East Prussia (now in north-eastern Poland and the Kaliningrad oblast of Russia) prior to Polish and German colonization of the area beginning in the 13th century.
		Old Prussian is closely related to the other extinct western Baltic languages, Galindan (formerly spoken in the territory to the south) and Sudovian (to the east).
		Old Prussian probably ceased to be spoken around the end of the 17th century.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/pr/Prussian (266 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		The Baltic languages are a group of related languages belonging to the Indo-European language family and spoken mainly in areas extending east and southeast of the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe.
		Historically the languages were spoken over a larger area: West to the mouth of the Vistula river in present-day Poland, at least as far East as the Dniepr river in present-day Belarus, perhaps even to Moscow, perhaps as far south as Kiev.
		With the establishment of a German state in Prussia, and the relocation of much of the Baltic Prussian population in the 13th century, Prussians began to be assimilated, and by the end of the 17th century, the Prussian language had become extinct.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Baltic_languages (958 words)

	Old Prussian language
		Old Prussian is an extinct Baltic language spoken by the inhabitants of the area that later became East Prussia (now in north-eastern Poland, Lithuania and the Kaliningrad oblast of Russia) prior to Polish and German colonization of the area beginning in the 13th century.
		These new immigrants caused a slow decline in the use of Old Prussian as Prussians began to adopt the languages of the newcomers.
		Old Prussian probably ceased to be spoken around the end of the 17th century with the great plague.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/o/ol/old_prussian_language.html (315 words)

	Franco-Prussian War - MSN Encarta
		The underlying causes of the conflict were the determination of the Prussian statesman Prince Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck to unify Germany under Prussian control and, as a step toward this goal, to eliminate French influence over Germany.
		The French ambassador to the Prussian court, Comte Vincente Benedetti, was dispatched to Ems, a spa in northwestern Germany being visited by William I, king of Prussia.
		The Prussian statesman realized that this move would in all probability precipitate war, but he knew that Prussia was prepared, and he counted on the psychological effect of a French declaration of war to rally the south German states to Prussia's cause, thus accomplishing the final phase in the unification of Germany.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761578072/Franco-Prussian_War.html (1021 words)

	Old Prussian language
		Old Prussian denotes an extinct Baltic language spoken by the inhabitants of the area that later became East Prussia (now in north-eastern Poland, Lithuania and the Kaliningrad oblast of Russia) prior to Polish and German colonization of the area beginning in the 13th century.
		Old Prussian is closely related to the other extinct western Baltic languages, Galindan (formerly spoken in the territory to the south) and Sudovian (to the east).
		Old Prussian probably ceased to be spoken around the end of the 17th century with the great plague.
	www.abacci.com /wikipedia/topic.aspx?cur_title=Old_Prussian_language (378 words)

	Northeast Prussia
		Union of the Aristocracy and the Cities in the “Prussian Union”, submission to Poland.
		Treaty of Versailles: East Prussia is separated from the empire by the “Polish Corridor”.
		The Prussian state is dissolved by declaration of the USA, Great Britain, France and the Soviet Union.
	www.euronet.nl /~jlemmens/prussia.html (1040 words)

	Prussia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The union of the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia in 1618 led to the proclamation of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701.
		He is considered the creator of the vaunted Prussian bureaucracy and the standing army, which he developed into one of the most powerful in Europe, although his troops only briefly saw action during the Great Northern War.
		The imperial crown was hereditary in the House of Hohenzollern, the royal house of Prussia.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Prussia.htm (5317 words)

	Baltic languages
		The Baltic languages form one branch of the Indo-European language family.
		Prussian was spoken in Prussia (East and West-Prussia), since 1945 Kaliningrad and northern Poland.
		Today Latvian language is considered younger than East Lithuanian, although that greatly changed from its first recording in the 16th century.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ba/Baltic_language.html (184 words)

	Old Prussian language
		Old Prussian denotes a now-extinct Baltic language spoken by the inhabitants of the area that later became East Prussia (now in north-eastern Poland and the Kaliningrad oblast of Russia) prior to Polish and German colonization of the area beginning in the 13th century.
		Old Prussian probably ceased to be spoken around the end of the 17th century.
		It is called "Old Prussian" to avoid confusion through the adjective "Prussian", which relates also to the later German state.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ol/Old_Prussian_language.html (241 words)

	News \| Gainesville.com \| The Gainesville Sun \| Gainesville, Fla. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Old Prussian is an extinct Baltic language, once spoken by the inhabitants of the area that later became East Prussia (now north-eastern Poland and the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia) prior to the German colonization of the area beginning in the 13th century.
		Such immigration caused a slow decline in the use of Old Prussian, as the Prussians adopted the languages of the others, particularly German, the language of the German government of Prussia.
		The language is called 'Old Prussian' to avoid confusion with Low Prussian, a dialect of East Low German, and the adjective 'Prussian', which also relates to the later German state.
	www.gainesville.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Prussian_language (1228 words)

	Old Prussian language
		'''Old Prussian''' is an extinct Baltic languagesBaltic language spoken by the Prussiansinhabitants of the area that later became East Prussia (now in north-eastern Poland, Lithuania and the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia) prior to Polish and GermanyGerman colonization of the area beginning in the 13th century.
		Old Prussian is closely related to the other extinct western Baltic languages, Galindan languageGalindan (formerly spoken in the territory to the south) and Sudovian languageSudovian (to the east).
		A 16th century Warmian Prince-Bishop, Marcin Kromer, said the language of the Prussians was totally different from Slavic languagesSlavic.
	www.territoriopc.com /eng/old_prussian_language.php (308 words)

	Kaliningrad Oblast at AllExperts
		The native Prussians formed the bulk of the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights, although Germans from the central Holy Roman Empire, as well as Flemish and Dutch pioneers colonized many villages and waste lands.
		The Baltic Prussian language is known to have survived into the early modern period (16th and 17th centuries) as some Lutheran Bibles from these periods (after the Protestant Reformation) were written in the Prussian language for people who did not speak German.
		Prussian kings were crowned at KÃ¶nigsberg Castle, although the area was briefly overrun by the Russian Empire during the Seven Years' War.
	en.allexperts.com /e/k/ka/kaliningrad_oblast.htm (1930 words)

	Lithuanian_language information. LANGUAGE SCHOOL EXPLORER
		Lithuanian is the state language of Lithuania and an official language of the European Union.
		The Lithuanian language is a highly inflected language in which the relationships between parts of speech and their roles in a sentence are expressed by numerous flexions.
		The majority of the loan words were found to have been derived from the Polish, Belarussian, and German languages, with some evidence that these languages all acquired the words from contacts and trade with Prussia during the era of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
	language.school-explorer.com /Lithuanian (2178 words)

	Language
		The Prussian language really belongs not to the Germanic but to the Baltic group of Indoeuropean languages and is cognate with living Lithuanian and Latvian languages.
		The Baltic group of languages in its turn is closest to the Slavic group of languages (Czech, Serbian, Polish, Russian etc.).
		Nevertheless it is unambiguously recognisable as Baltic Prussian.
	donelaitis.vdu.lt /prussian/lang.htm (746 words)

	Old Prussian language
		Old Prussian was westernmost of all Baltic tongues, this is why it was subject to constant invasions from the West.
		The language was suppressed by German and Polish.
		A few small dictionaries were composed in the 17th century, but by the end of the century the language was no longer spoken, it became extinct.
	indoeuro.bizland.com /tree/balt/prussian.html (455 words)

	SPSG Prussian Palaces and Gardens Foundation Berlin-Brandenburg
		For more than three centuries the rulers of Brandenburg commissioned the best artists of their time to enhance the Royal residences in and around Berlin with elaborate palaces and gardens.
		There was building activity under a long series of Prussian monarchs: from Joachim II to the Great Elector, from Frederick the Great to the last of the German emperors, William II.
		After Frederick became the first Prussian King in 1701, the Palace was extended into a stately building with a cours d'honneur...
	www.spsg.de /index.php?id=1&sessionLanguage=en (259 words)

	Ethnologue report for language code:prg
		Among other extinct Baltic languages are: Selonian, Yotvingian, Semigallian, Curonian.
		Became extinct the end of the 17th or beginning of the 18th century.
		This web edition of the Ethnologue contains all the content of the print edition and may be cited as:
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=prg (65 words)

	Language and Scripts
		Some languages are, or have historically been, written in more than one script.
		For less common languages it is often difficult to determine the precise list of characters used to write them.
		The "Notes" field lists some countries in which the language is used, especially for lesser-known languages, but is not intended to be exhaustive.
	www.unicode.org /onlinedat/languages-scripts.html (268 words)

	Old Prussian language
		Prussian tribes were located the westernmost among all Baltic peoples, that's why German invasions started in the 12th century first hit Prussians.
		Prussian is referred to the East Baltic subgroup, though all Baltic languages, both extinct and living, are very much alike.
		Prussian had a phonetic system similar to Lithuanian, but there was a great distiction between long and short vowels.
	members.tripod.com /babaev/tree/prussian.html (312 words)

	Language Log: Languages with Birthdays
		Since the problems with the notion that one language is older than another have come up yet again, I thought I'd mention that there are some exceptions to the principle that all languages are equally old.
		If it is correct to view pidgins and creoles as newly formed languages with no true parents rather than as descendants of the languages from which they derive their vocabularies, as is now widely, but by no means universally, held, they too can be said to have come into existence at a certain time.
		One such case that is well documented is that of Nicaraguan Sign Language, which came into existence in the 1970s and 1980s.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/004004.html (665 words)

	[No title]
		Prussians were originally a West Baltic tribe, of similar culture and language to that of Lithuanians or Latvians.
		Old Prussian is also considered to be a close relative of the Proto-Slavic language, though in many ways similar to Sanskrit, Gothic, and Ancient Greek.
		These "New Prussians" look for their identity in the culture they are now a part of, as well as with their past.
	www.alphalink.com.au /~wolf/prussia/lang.htm (181 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The East Prussian capital of Königsberg was renamed Kaliningrad in 1946.
		Although Brandenburg remained theoretically subordinate to the Holy Roman Emperor, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were outside the jurisdiction of the Emperor.
		The Polish-speaking Prussians concentrated in the south of the province (Masuria, Warmia), while Lithuanian-speaking Prussians concentrated in the northeast (Lithuania Minor).
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=East_Prussia (2381 words)

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