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| | Patent 4599410 |
 | | X in formulae I, II, VI, VII, and IX is a strongly electronegative substituent, such as halogen (employed here and elsewhere to designate generically chloride, bromide, or iodide) or pseudohalogen. |
 | | By the term "pseudohalogen" it is intended to designate one of the art recognized class of substituents known to approximate the substituent properties of halogen, such as a cyano, thiocyanate, or hydroxy substituent. |
 | | Since halogen provide the desired substituent properties in a single atom, they are in general preferred over pseudohalogen group. |
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