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Topic: Pseudoscience

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	Pseudoscience and pseudoskepticism, biomorph fallacies, james randi, randi's $1 million,fallacious aircrashes, shc
		Pseudoscience is a term often used by those describing themselves as skeptics and attacking those who investigate new and anomalous phenomena.
		This first kind of pseudoscience, the most common kind, is harmless, because it is in the nature of scientific debate that bad science is driven out by good.
		The second kind of pseudoscience is far more dangerous because it is promulgated by professional scientists who should and do know better, and hence is likely (indeed is intended) to be widely believed by lay people.
	www.alternativescience.com /pseudoscience.htm (386 words)

	Pseudoscience - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Critics of pseudoscience such as Richard Dawkins, Mario Bunge, Carl Sagan, and James Randi consider almost all forms of pseudoscience to be harmful, whether or not they result in immediate harm to their adherents.
		Proponents of a pseudoscience frequently neglect this principle and demand that skeptics demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that a claim (e.g., an assertion regarding the efficacy of a novel therapeutic technique) is false.
		Dianetics (The pseudoscience of Scientology.) (EOP 2000:82-83; Carroll 2003:99-102)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pseudoscience (4602 words)

	Pseudoscience
		A pseudoscience is any body of knowledge purporting to be either both factual and scientific, or of an even higher standard of knowledge, but which fails to comply with scientific method.
		Pseudoscience is distinguishable from revelation, theology or spirituality in that it claims to offer insight into the physical world by "scientific" means (i.e., most usually in accordance with the scientific method).
		Pseudoscience can then be said to be demarcated by a failure to provide such naturalistic explanations, which leads to the labeling of any theory represented as science and appealing to metaphysical explanations for natural phenomena as a pseudoscientific idea.
	www.nebulasearch.com /encyclopedia/article/Pseudoscience.html (1956 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Pseudoscience (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pseudoscience is a term applied to a body of alleged knowledge, methodology, belief, or practice that is portrayed as scientific but diverges substantially from the required standards for scientific work or is unsupported by sufficient scientific research.
		A pseudoscience is any body of knowledge purported to be scientific or supported by science but which is judged by the mainstream scientific community to fail to comply with the scientific method.
		Pseudoscience is seen as a kind of counterfeit or masquerade of science that makes use of some of the superficial trappings of science but does not involve the substance of science.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pseudoscience (503 words)

	What is pseudoscience?
		There is no single test that unambiguously distinguishes between science and pseudoscience, but as the two diverge more and more from one another, certain differences become apparent, and these tend to be remarkably consistent across all fields of interest.
		In the pseudosciences, a challenge to accepted dogma is often considered a hostile act if not heresy, and leads to bitter disputes or even schisms.
		Using pseudoscience as a teaching aid - by Faculty of Mt. St.
	www.chem1.com /acad/sci/pseudosci.html (2820 words)

	Distinguishing Science and Pseudoscience
		Pseudoscience is indifferent to criteria of valid evidence.
		Pseudoscience books offer examples of almost every kind of fallacy of logic and reason known to scholars and have invented some new ones of their own.
		Pseudoscience often strikes educated, rational people as too nonsensical and preposterous to be dangerous and as a source of amusement rather than fear.
	www.quackwatch.org /01QuackeryRelatedTopics/pseudo.html (3105 words)

	Pseudoscience in Mapping Human History
		Pseudoscience is the use of the scientific method to mislead.
		Pseudoscience is generally encountered in works designed to promote non-scientific purposes, as for example, the sale of nonprescription drugs or dietary supplements.
		Evolutionary biologists often encounter pseudoscience in the literature of “creationism,”; which is designed to advance a peculiar religious dogma.
	www.cofc.edu /~dillonr/Olson.html (677 words)

	Science Pseudoscience: the Differences by James Randi
		Pseudoscience, however, uses invented modes of analysis which it pretends or professes meet the requirements of scientific method, but which in fact violate its essential attributes.
		Pseudoscience is unsystematic in that its various parts do not necessarily relate to and support each other.
		Pseudoscience is "fixed" or "closed" rather than accumulative and progressive; its statements are not changed to agree with new evidence.
	www.mukto-mona.com /new_site/mukto-mona/Articles/randi/science_pseudoscience.htm (2524 words)

	Pseudoscience - SkepticWiki (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pseudoscience refers to research that superficially appears to be science but that lacks some of the underlying key aspects.
		As might be expected, the question of whether a given field is (pejoratively) "pseudoscience" can be controversial, but astrology like most other forms of divination and homeopathy like most other forms of alternative medicine are often considered to be pseudoscientific.
		The problem of separating science from pseudoscience generally is a philosophically difficult one, in part because of the difficulty of exactly defining science.
	www.skepticwiki.org /wiki/index.php?title=Pseudoscience&redirect=no (584 words)

	Ψ FREE pseudoscience & FREE palm reading (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pseudoscience is any body of knowledge, methodology, or practice that is erroneously regarded as scientific.
		A class of pseudoscience, Pseudoskepticism, refers to skepticism that is itself erroneously presented as scientific.
		Pseudoscience examples: psychology and pseudoscience, psychology of the belief in pseudoscience.
	www.handresearch.com /hand/abc/pseudoscience.htm (397 words)

	Pseudoscience (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Typically pseudoscience fails to meet the criteria by science generally (including the scientific method) and can be identified by a of these characteristics:
		Pseudoscience is distinguishable from revelation theology or spirituality in that it claims to offer into the physical world by "scientific" means most usually in accordance with the scientific Systems of thought that rely upon "divine" "inspired" knowledge are not considered pseudoscience if do not claim to be scientific or overturn well established science.
		Many pseudosciences are associated with the New Age movement and there is a tendency improperly associate all practices of the "New with pseudoscience.
	www.freeglossary.com /Pseudoscientist (2306 words)

	Category:Pseudoscience - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pseudoscience is a pretended or spurious science; a collection of related beliefs about the world mistakenly regarded as being based on scientific method or as having the status that scientific truths now have.
		This category comprises articles pertaining to pseudoscience, to fields of endeavor or bodies of knowledge that critics have characterized as being pseudoscientific or having pseudoscientific aspects, or subjects which a significant portion of the scientific community fault as failing to meet the norms and standards of scientific practice in one way or another.
		Some of these fields, or parts of them, may be the subject of scientific research and may not be wholly dismissed by the scientific community.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Category:Pseudoscience (253 words)

	Pseudoscience - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pseudoscience is seen as a kind of counterfeit or masquerade of science that makes use of some of the superficial trappings of science but does not involve the substance of science.
		Pseudoscience, in contrast, is characteristically wanting adequate tests or the possibility of them, occasionally untestable in principle, and its supporters are frequently strident in insisting that existing scientific results are wrong.
		Many pseudosciences are associated with the New Age movement and there is a tendency to improperly associate all practices of the "New Age" with pseudoscience.
	www.xs4all.nl /~are/pub/research/Pseudoscience.htm (1461 words)

	Pseudoscience and Ghost hunting
		Pseudoscience is a term applied to a body of alleged knowledge, methodology, belief, or practice that is portrayed as scientific but diverges substantially from the required standards for scientific work or is unsupported by sufficient scientific research.
		Pseudoscience cannot tolerate failures; they will be rationalized or explained away in some manner.
		In the pseudosciences, a challenge to accepted dogma is often considered a hostile act if not heresy, and leads to bitter disputes or even schisms.
	www.sgha.net /articles/pseudoscience.html (1521 words)

	Pseudoscience (page 1)
		Knowing science does not mean simply knowing scientific facts, it means understanding how science works: the criteria of evidence, the design of meaningful experiments, the weighing of possibilities, the testing of hypotheses, the establishment of theories, and the many aspects of scientific methods that make it possible to draw reliable conclusions about the physical universe.
		Pseudoscience often strikes educated, rational people as too nonsensical and preposterous to be dangerous; they consider it a source of amusement rather than fearing it.
		Pseudoscience may be extremely dangerous, especially to the under-educated.
	tkdtutor.com /03School/Fraud/PseudoScience/AboutPseudoScience/PseudoScience01.htm (701 words)

	Creationism: The Theistic Hypothesis as Pseudoscience
		"Pseudoscience" may be easily and somewhat trivially defined as 'any inquiry, practice, or set of doctrines that lays claim to scientific status while in fact failing to achieve that status.' Pseudoscience is intellectual fool's gold; it has the superficial glitter of scientific respectability but its substance is only a worthless amalgram of baser elements.
		However, to define "pseudoscience" in this way is no more helpful than to define "fake art" as 'not genuine art.'[15] What is needed are demarcation criteria--standards, values, rules, methods, etc. taken as defining characteristics of genuine science but routinely ignored or repudiated by pseudoscientists.
		Roger Cooter charges that the practice of affixing the pejorative label "pseudoscience" to certain fields is both epistemologically unwarranted and socially deleterious.[47] Cooter argues that the characterization of science as rationally superior to pseudoscience cashes out into the claim that the former is value free and objective while the latter is distorted by ideology.
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/keith_parsons/theistic/1.html (9518 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		One criterion by which pseudoscience is commonly judged is by whether or not the topic violates what is known to be true.
		Pseudoscience and protoscience both spring from that intuitive and irrational part of the human mind that is responsible for creativity.
		If we assume that pseudoscience is not part of mainstream science and therefor is easily recognized, then we will wrongly lump scientific creativity together with pseudoscience and treat both as the hated enemy.
	www.amasci.com /weird/notso.txt (706 words)

	[No title]
		PSEUDOSCIENCE persuades wing rhetoric, propaganda, and misrepresentation, rather than presenting valid evidence (which presumably does not exist.) Pseudoscience books offer examples of almost every kind of fallacy of logic and reason known to scholars, and have invented some new ones of their own.
		Pseudoscience, on the other hand, preserves the ancient, natural, irrational, unobjective modes of thought that are hundreds of thousands of years older than science...
		Pseudoscience encourages you to believe anything you want, and supplied many examples of specious "arguments" by which you can fool yourself into thinking your belief has some validity, despite all the facts being to the contrary.
	www.engr.sjsu.edu /vparrish/pseudosciencedoc.doc (4176 words)

	Pseudoscience, quack and evidence-based medicine
		Pseudoscience To say pseudoscience is this science (see also mainstream science) which does not belong in the of academic system of methods is the easy way out.
		To say science is true knowledge and pseudoscience false knowledge would be very straightforward but would be in accordance with the literal translation and the ideal of science namely to gain the true knowledge of the universe and everything in it.
		Alternative medicine, especially homeopathy is often labeled as pseudoscience by medical science while medical science is less critical on itself as the examples of Some FACTS of the WHO on DMPs and the Report overview antidepressants prove.
	www.healthspace.eu /blogs/pseudoscience (1353 words)

	EARMARKS OF PSEUDOSCIENCE
		Generally speaking, the aim of pseudoscience is to rationalize strongly held beliefs, rather than to investigate and find out what’s actually going on, or to test various possibilities.
		Pseudoscience specializes in jumping to “congenial conclusions,” grinding ideological axes, appealing to pre-conceived ideas and to widespread misunderstandings.
		Even within a culture pseudoscience is parochial, for believers form groups, and many as with the Hidatsa Jews, the beliefs are passed to their progeny.
	skeptically.org /skeptics/id6.html (3368 words)

	[No title]
		Others, such as Richard Dawkins and Carl Sagan, consider all forms of pseudoscience to be harmful, whether or not they result in immediate harm to their followers.
		These critics generally consider that advocacy of pseudoscience may occur for a number of reasons, ranging from simple naïveté about the nature of science and the scientific method, to deliberate deception for financial or political benefit.
		The concept of pseudoscience as an antagonist to bona fide science appears to have emerged in the mid-19th century.
	lycos.cs.cmu.edu /info/pseudoscience--miscellaneous.html (410 words)

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