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Topic: Psychiatric amnesia

	Causes of psychiatric disorder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Many psychiatric diseases can be classified as syndromes, consistent groups of symptoms that do not always have a single cause.
		When psychiatric symptoms result from a known cause that can be treated, the treatment is usually provided by a general practioner or specialist in that field.
		There are psychiatric problems that are related to heavy exposure to chemical causes, such as amphetamine psychosis, and lead poisoning, which can result in mental retardation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Causes_of_psychiatric_disorder (1073 words)

	Amnesia:Organic and Psychogenic
		In these studies, amnesia was found rarely or not at all in non-violent crime: this may have reflected the locations of the studies, but there is evidence that in violent crime recall by victims and eyewitnesses is also impaired.
		Fugues arise in the context of depressed mood and severe stress; amnesia for offences in situations of extreme emotional arousal, severe intoxication, or florid psychosis; and memory disorder in depression in association with impaired attention and motivation.
		In this connection, the recent observations in organic amnesia of memory without awareness, and especially of preserved affective reactions in the presence of profound amnesia, are particularly intriguing.
	sabryabdelfattah.tripod.com /docs/AMNESIA.htm (8040 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 15, Ch. 188, Dissociative Disorders
		Amnesia involving an inability to recall important personal information relating to some of the identities is present.
		Amnesia is not uniform in all personalities; what is not known by one personality may be known by another.
		Several studies show that previously undiagnosed dissociative identity disorder is present in 3 to 4% of acute psychiatric inpatients and in a sizable minority of patients in psychoactive substance abuse treatment settings.
	www.merck.com /mrkshared/mmanual/section15/chapter188/188d.jsp (1552 words)

	[No title]
		Under such a review, a defendant’s amnesia is only determinative to his competency when the defendant has shown that his impairment renders him unable to understand the proceedings against him or to assist in his own defense.
		Another line of cases, in contrast, holds that amnesia is relevant to the issue of competency, but is only determinative if a defendant suffers a loss of memory so severe that it renders him unable to understand the proceedings against him or to assist in his own defense. See, e.g., Wilson v.
		Psychiatric Evaluation at State Expense Once the issue of competency is raised, a trial court must undertake a two-step procedure involving first a preliminary finding and then a final determination as to the competency of the defendant.
	www.courts.state.co.us /supct/opinions/2000/00SC326.doc (5553 words)

	Sutker93
		Psychogenic amnesia is sometimes encountered in victims of violent crime, such as rape, as well as those who have been involved in catastrophic accidents such as explosions, cave-ins, and asphyxiation.
		Although psychogenic amnesia, by definition, is not caused by brain insult, injury, or disease, the relation between the syndrome and brain injury is better characterized as one of independence.
		Given that psychogenic amnesia is likely to be encountered frequently in PTSD, it would seem that ample case material would be available for study, and that research-minded clinicians, and clinically-oriented researchers, should take steps to prepare for the systematic study of instances that may come to their attention.
	socrates.berkeley.edu /~kihlstrm/Sutker93.htm (17208 words)

	eMedicine - Dissociative Disorders : Article by Idan Sharon, MD
		Dissociative disorders are a group of psychiatric syndromes characterized by disruptions of aspects of consciousness, identity, memory, motor behavior, or environmental awareness.
		Amnesia from brain injury or head trauma can be differentiated from DA based on a history of trauma; patients usually have retrograde amnesia before the trauma, unlike patients with DA, who have anterograde amnesia.
		Patients with all forms of amnesia in which trauma is present are given opportunities to develop a solid connection to others and to their healthy adult experiences and assistance with soothing the anxiety that often accompanies their amnesia.
	www.emedicine.com /MED/topic3484.htm (5716 words)

	DISSOCIATIVE AMNESIA
		Amnesia: A case study in the limits of particular justice.
		Dittburner, T.L., and Persinger, M.A. Intensity of amnesia during hypnosis is positively correlated with estimated prevalence of sexual abuse and alien abductions: Implications for false memory syndrome.
		Loewenstein, R.J. Dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue, pp.
	atrium.issd.org /membersonly/coons/coonsamnesia.html (3392 words)

	eMJA: Large, Relationship between compensation claims for psychiatric injury and severity of physical injuries from ...
		The group that claimed psychiatric or traumatic brain injury had significantly longer hospital stay and higher mean ISS and proportion of accidents involving loss of consciousness than the group who claimed neither type of injury (Box 2).
		For the 102 who claimed psychiatric injury, the most medically intensive treatment in the week after the accident was provided by a local medical officer (33), in an emergency department (35), as a general inpatient (25) or in an intensive care unit (9).
		However, a third of psychiatric injury claims (33/102) were made by people with physical injuries that were not severe enough for them to attend an emergency department or be admitted to hospital at the time of the accident.
	www.mja.com.au /public/issues/175_03_060801/large/large.html (2505 words)

	Amnesia...Astroppo.com
		Amnesia may also be spontaneous, in the case of transient global amnesia.
		Both categories of amnesia can occur together in the same patient, and commonly result from damage to the brain regions most closely associated with episodic/declarative memory: the medial temporal lobes and especially the hippocampus.
		Traumatic amnesia is often transient, the duration of the amnesia is related to the degree of injury and may give an indication of the prognosis for recovery of other functions.
	www.astroppo.com /amnesia.htm (651 words)

	BragmanHealth.com: Aging and Health (13-MEMORY AND THINKING: DEMENTIA, DELIRIUM, AND AMNESIA) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Psychiatric features of neurosyphilis are common and include grandiose delusions, a hyperactive state, depression, and hallucinations.
		The psychiatric complications of dementia, such as paranoid or accusatory beliefs, delusions, and hallucinations, need not be treated if they are mild.
		Amnesia is a relatively rare memory disorder in older people that is characterized by the inability to learn or recall any new information, even though there is normal attention, memory for past events, and generally good intellectual function.
	www.bragmanhealth.com /books/aging/ch13.html (7013 words)

	Amnesia In Various Other Victim Populations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Amnesia as a consequence of male rape: A case report.
		Amnesia and dissociative fugue occurred in 5-14.4% Of WW II combat veterans (n=1000).
		Amnesia was the symptom area of greatest difference in scores between PTSD and non-PTSD subjects.
	www.sidran.org /refs/ref2.html (940 words)

	(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Amnesia refers to the inability to recall important personal information that is so extensive that it is not due to ordinary forgetfulness.
		Most of the amnesias typical of dissociative disorders are not of the classic fugue variety, where people travel long distances, and suddenly become alert, disoriented as to where they are and how they got there.
		Rather, the amnesias are often an important event that is forgotten, such as a wedding, or birthday party that was attended, or a block of time, from minutes to years.
	www.issd.org /indexpage/FAQ2.htm (5768 words)

	Amnesia And Memory Loss: Online References For Health Concerns
		Amnesia occurs when the portion of the brain responsible for retrieving stored memories is somehow compromised.
		Retrograde amnesia is the loss of memories of events that occurred before the onset of amnesia.
		Patients with amnesia may be occasionally disoriented, and their symptoms may strongly resemble psychiatric disorders (Kasper DL et al 2005).
	www.lef.org /protocols/prtcl-007.shtml?source=DeathClock&key=DWHealth_Concern (4261 words)

	Psychiatric Times
		Amnesias for some or all aspects of the trauma have been documented following a wide variety of traumas: natural disasters and accidents, combat, kidnapping, torture and concentration camp experiences, and in victims of physical and sexual abuse (van der Kolk and colleagues 1996).
		Traumatic amnesias tend to be age- and dose-related: the younger the age at the time of the trauma, and the more prolonged the traumatic event, the greater the likelihood of significant amnesia (DSM-IV Field Trials for PTSD).
		Memories of the subjects who reported total amnesia some time in the past were as accurate as those of the subjects who claimed they always remembered.
	www.psychiatrictimes.com /p970354.html (2386 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 15, Ch. 188, Dissociative Disorders
		Although amnesia for trauma occurs and may later be reversed in treatment, by an event, or by exposure to certain information, considerable controversy surrounds such recollections, and the accuracy of such reports is often unknown.
		Dissociative amnesia appears to be caused by stress associated with traumatic experiences endured or witnessed (eg, physical or sexual abuse, rape, combat, natural disasters); major life stresses (eg, abandonment, death of a loved one, financial troubles); or tremendous internal conflict (eg, turmoil over guilt-ridden impulses, apparently unresolvable interpersonal difficulties, criminal behaviors).
		When dissociative amnesia is a symptom of another psychiatric disorder, it is not diagnosed as a discrete disorder.
	www.merck.com /mrkshared/mmanual/section15/chapter188/188b.jsp (645 words)

	Toward a Model of Functional Amnesia: Posthypnotic Amnesia for Information Learned Before Hypnosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The ability of posthypnotic amnesia (PHA) to disrupt access to memory for events and information learned during hypnosis has been seen as a laboratory analogue of functional amnesia.
		Like functional amnesias, posthypnotic amnesia is characterised by three key features: (1) a disruption of conscious, explicit retrieval of the target material; (2) a continuing influence of the material on behaviour as indexed by implicit measures, and; (3) its reversibility (Kihlstrom, 1980; 1985; Bryant et al., 1999).
		Thus, the amnesia suggestion was successful in limiting the conscious recall of high, but not low, hypnotisable individuals.
	www.psy.unsw.edu.au /Users/Abarnier/articles/APS99_text.htm (3979 words)

	Amnesia In Childhood Sexual Abuse Victims (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		There have been no studies that asked about amnesia that found amnesia did not exist in the studied population.
		The data revealed two groups: internalizers, who had few thoughts about the abuse over significant life periods, but became symptomatic thought out their lives and showed intensification of symptoms when they recovered the memory; and externalizers, who retained continuous memory but showed consistently lower adjustment in the form of conduct and addictive behaviors.
		Amnesia, partial amnesia, and delayed recall among adult survivors of childhood trauma.
	www.sidran.org /refs/ref3.html (1576 words)

	Psychogenic amnesia American Family Physician - Find Articles
		Psychogenic amnesia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by a sudden loss of memory covering a variable period of time, an absence of underlying brain disease and an awareness by the patient that a memory disturbance is present.
		Psychogenic amnesia was first classified with conversion disorder as a hysterical neurosis in the late 1800s.
		On the basis of the history and the interview findings, it was hypothesized that the patient's amnesia was precipitated by the anticipated prolonged separation from his wife and his concern that she might be dying from the kidney ailment.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_n1_v41/ai_8773339 (879 words)

	Lichtenstein Creative Media - The Infinite Mind: Amnesia
		He notes that amnesia is broken into two distinct categories: those caused by brain trauma (organic amnesia) and one caused by psychological trauma (psychogenic amnesia).
		Jill’s amnesia was caused by an epileptic seizure that occurred after a long session of swimming laps in a pool.
		Physical amnesia is what occurs when there has been some sort of brain insult or trauma and it usually is due to damage to the hippocampal system in the brain.
	www.lcmedia.com /mind0021.htm (1585 words)

	Functional Amnesia: Clinical Description and Neuropsychological Profile of 10 Cases -- Kritchevsky et al. 11 (2): 213 ...
		Figure 2 Patients with functional amnesia (FA) and controls were asked to identify the names of cities in the United States (left two bars) and the names of cities in Southern California (right two bars) from lists of real and fictitious city names.
		For the 8 patients, all the memories from the 0-9-mo time period were taken from the period after the onset of amnesia.
		Albert, M.S., Butters, N., and Levin, J. Temporal gradients in the retrograde amnesia of patients with alcoholic Korsakoff's disease.
	www.learnmem.org /cgi/content/full/11/2/213 (11473 words)

	Amazon.com: Memory Disorders in Psychiatric Practice: Books: German E. Berrios,John R. Hodges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Memory complaints are a frequent feature of psychiatric disorder even in the absence of organic disease.
		In this practical reference, German Berrios and John Hodges lead an international team of eminent clinicians to focus on the psychiatric and organic aspects of memory disorders from the perspective of the multidisciplinary memory clinic.
		The disorders discussed include the dementias, amnesic syndrome and transient amnesic states, and the psychiatric aspects of memory disorders in the functional psychoses.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0521576717?v=glance (781 words)

	The Leadership Council - Trauma and Memory
		Code No. 300.12 (Dissociative Amnesia) "Dissociative amnesia is characterized by an inability to recall important personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness....
		Sexual abuse of children and adolescents lead to severe negative consequences and is a risk factor for the development of many classes of psychiatric disorders.
		Psychiatrists are urged to base their treatment plan on a complete psychiatric assessment and the full range of the client's clinical needs.
	www.leadershipcouncil.org /1/tm/state.html (1311 words)

	eMedicine - Dementia Due to Head Trauma : Article by Julia Frank, MD
		Psychiatr Clin North Am 1992 Jun; 15(2): 395-413[Medline].
		Psychiatr Clin North Am 2002 Mar; 25(1): 43-69[Medline].
		Psychiatr Clin North Am 1992 Jun; 15(2): 311-33[Medline].
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic3152.htm (9684 words)

	Mental Health Reform: Eradicating Psychiatric Violations of Human Rights - Freedom Magazine Published by the Church of ...
		Since 1968, the great harm caused by the barbaric psychiatric practice of psychosurgery has been covered in depth in FREEDOM, with the result that psychosurgery is now widely recognized as a brutal means of lowering people to the level of vegetables.
		Through the years, FREEDOM editions in many lands, including France, Germany and Italy, have investigated and reported on violations of human rights by the psychiatric industry, as by electric shock and forced drugging.
		The American Psychiatric Association dispatched an investigative team to South Africa which reported that the “most shocking finding” was the “high number of needless deaths among fl patients” in the camps.
	www.freedommag.org /25thanni/mental.htm (1074 words)

	Memory Disorders in Psychiatric Practice - Cambridge University Press
		In this practical reference for the clinician, German Berrios and John Hodges lead an international team of eminent psychiatrists, behavioural neurologists and clinical psychologists to focus on the psychiatric and organic aspects of memory disorders from the perspective of the multidisciplinary memory clinic.
		Among the specific topics reviewed are the paramnesias, conditions such as déjà vu, flashbulb and flashback memories, and the problems of recovered, false and feigned memories.
		Transient global amnesia and transient epileptic amnesia A. Zemen and John Hodges; 10.
	www.cambridge.org /0521576717 (657 words)

	Blog - Paul Shanley Trial
		Although the terms "repression", "repressed memory" and "recovered memory" have become the standard currency of discourse, in fact, the proper term is "Dissociative Amnesia." The term "recovered memory" is redundant.
		Chu's publications in the psychiatric literature include both basic research on the effects of childhood abuse and discussions concerning the nature and techniques of treatment of abuse survivors.
		Chu is a Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, and a Fellow and a past president of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation, and the recipient of that organization's Cornelia B. Wilbur Award, Distinguished Achievement Award, and Pierre Janet Writing Award for outstanding contributions in the field of dissociative disorders.
	www.leadershipcouncil.org /1/blog/s.html (5837 words)

	Metapsychology Online Reviews - Remembering Trauma (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		McNally calls this commonly accepted theory of traumatic amnesia "psychiatric folklore" as there simply is no convincing evidence to believe that we can banish traumatic memories and retrieve them later on.
		McNally exhibits much of the research in support of traumatic amnesia as troubled by sloppy data, misinterpretation and conceptual as well as empirical problems.
		The evidence for traumatic amnesia is, in a word of McNally, seriously flawed.
	mentalhelp.net /books/books.php?type=de&id=2823 (1064 words)

	Head Trauma Dementia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Doses in the usual therapeutic range may be needed to relieve target symptoms, especially for depression and mania; however, initiate at lower doses and titrate upward more slowly than in other patients under psychiatric care.
		Conversion symptoms typically occur when a person feels trapped in a threatening situation, especially if he or she is unable to openly talk about the dilemma with others who are trusted.
		Psychiatr Clin North Am 1992 Jun; 15(2): 395-413.
	www.medceu.com /course-no-test.cfm?CID=595 (8899 words)

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