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Topic: Psychological nativism

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	Nativism (politics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Commentators also point out that the problems which are purportedly caused by immigrants equally exist amongst native-born populations as well, and that politicians often use immigration as a convenient scapegoat to distract the public from real social, political and economic problems.
		U.S. nativism appeared in the late 1790s in reaction to an influx of political refugees from France and Ireland.
		Nativism first gained a name and affected politics in mid-19th century United States because of the large inflows of immigrants from cultures that were markedly different from the existing Anglo-Saxon Protestant culture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nativism (3025 words)

	Innatism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nativism represents an adaption of this, grounded in the fields of genetics, cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics.
		The advocates of nativism are mainly philosophers who also work in the field of cognitive psychology or psycholinguistics: most notably Noam Chomsky and Jerry Fodor (although the latter has adopted a more critical attitude towards nativism in his later writings).
		The nativist’s general objection against empiricism is still the same as was raised by the rationalists: the human mind of a newborn child is no tabula rasa at all, but equipped with an internal structure.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Innatism (514 words)

	Psychological nativism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the field of psychology, nativism is the view that certain skills or abilities are 'native' or hard wired into the brain at birth.
		This is in contrast to the 'blank slate' or tabula rasa view which states that the brain has little innate ability and almost everything is learned through interaction with the environment.
		Nativism is most associated with the work of Jerry Fodor, Noam Chomsky, and Steven Pinker, who argue that we are born with certain cognitive modules (specialised genetically inherited psychological abilities) that allow us to learn and acquire certain skills (such as language).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Psychological_nativism (270 words)

	LRB \| Jerry Fodor: The Trouble with Psychological Darwinism
		Psychological Darwinism, so the argument goes, gives us the notion of function that the cognitive scientist's reverse engineering of the mind requires: To a first approximation, and with, to be sure, occasional exceptions, the function of a cognitive mechanism is whatever it is that evolution selected it for.
		Psychological Darwinism is a kind of conspiracy theory; that is, it explains behaviour by imputing an interest (viz in the proliferation of the genome) that the agent of the behaviour does not acknowledge.
		The difference between Darwinism and mere nativism is the claim that a creature's innate psychological traits are adaptations; viz that their role in the propagation of the genes is what they're for.
	humanities.uchicago.edu /faculty/goldsmith/CogSciCourse/Fodor.htm (5026 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Nativism
		Nativism is a hostile and defensive reaction to the flux of immigration.
		The term "nativism" is normally applied only to nativists of European stock, and accused by some of being a nationalist element of racism.
		Nativism arose as a reaction to the dislocations in labor supply and work opportunities occasioned by the surges in immigration after the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Nativism (2636 words)

	HIST 275: Nativism, by Geoffrey S. Smith
		Nativism is a construct scholars employ to explain hostility and intense opposition to an internal minority on the grounds of its imputed foreign connections.
		A third manifestation of nativism, sometimes overlapping with anti-Catholicism and anti-radicalism, developed during the 1840s as citizens celebrated their "manifest destiny" to bring the benefits of democracy and republican government to the Pacific.
		Nativism did not disappear, however, as in the last quarter century antiforeign sentiment erupted during periods of economic duress, especially in areas in which these groups settled, and in contexts where political candidates like Pat Buchanan courted voters with antiforeign themes.
	www.geoffsmith.org /courses/275nativism.html (19528 words)

	Fodor on Pinker and Plotkin (1998)
		Psychological Darwinism is a kind of conspiracy theory; that is, it explains behaviour by imputing an interest (viz.
		Likewise, for the psychological Darwinist: what seemed to be your, after all, unsurprising interest in your child's well-being turns out to be your genes' conspiracy to propagate themselves.
		The difference between Darwinism and mere nativism is the claim that a creature's innate psychological traits are adaptations; viz.
	cogweb.ucla.edu /Abstracts/Fodor_on_Pinker_98.html (5017 words)

	9
		Then since belief in the substantive a priori does not entail a belief in nativism, the sort of attack which empiricists mounted on the substantive a priori cannot merely have been part of their campaign against nativism.
		Perhaps all that unifies opposition to nativism and to the substantive a priori is that neither belief in innate concepts or knowledge, nor the belief that we may obtain substantial information about the world through reason alone, is sufficiently justified to be acceptable.
		In the case of nativism, the hypotheses that either knowledge, concepts or information-bearing mental structures are innate, were rejected because they seemed to require non-natural intervention in the human mind by a veracious God.
	www.philosophy.umd.edu /Faculty/pcarruthers/HKHN-9.htm (5308 words)

	[No title]
		Gerrans, P. Nativism and neuroconstructivism in the explanation of Williams syndrome.
		Non-strict psychological laws are compatible with the (nomologically sufficient) causal responsibility of mental properties.
		Psychological explanation is typically via functional analysis, not causal subsumption.
	consc.net /biblio/5.ascii (10765 words)

	Innateness and Moral Psychology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Moral nativism has taken a backseat to linguistic nativism in contemporary discussions largely because Chomsky made a case for linguistic nativism characterized by unprecedented rigor.
		In the psychological literature, the capacity for moral judgment has perhaps been most directly and extensively approached empirically by exploring the basic capacity to distinguish moral violations from conventional violations (for reviews see Smetana 1993 and Tisak 1995).
		Nativism does seem a natural answer, and it is at home both with the Chomskian approach and with various evolutionary accounts of morality (e.g., Ruse 1993).
	www.cofc.edu /~nichols/innatenessandmoral.htm (8849 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		American fls are a linguistic and psychological reservoir of the distant past in ways that only gypsies can equal and only Jews can surpass.
		The white blue bloods in Boston and Richmond with long pedigrees and coats of arms are not nearly the repositories of the early American centuries as are some of the southern fls.
		Nativism is all about the battle of our clan versus their clan - a battle of us versus them.
	home.columbus.rr.com /fredhutchison/Essays/nativism.htm (2629 words)

	The Psychological Foundations of Culture (Chapter 1 of The Adapted Mind) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Moreover, by looking at social processes in the vast modern societies and nation-states, it is obvious that the "power asymmetry" between "the individual" and the social world is huge in the determination of outcomes and that the reciprocal impact of the individual on the social world is negligible.
		The prerequisite that a psychological theory must meet to participate in the SSSM is that any evolved component, process, or mechanism must be equipotential, content-free, content-independent, general-purpose, domain- general, and so on (the technical terms vary with movement and era).
		Moreover, we know in advance that the human psychological system is immensely flexible as to outcome: Everything that every individual has ever done in all of human history and prehistory establishes the minimum boundary of the possible.
	nader.ubermetal.com /pfc.htm (16074 words)

	Nature_versus_nurture
		While classical theories regarding these matters were primarily concerned with the line between that which was voluntary (the ego, the self, and the personal will) and the involuntary (of Nature, God, etc.), this view was self-centric, which is to say deferential to authorities over the personal concepts; i.e.
		On the other hand, such traits as one's native language are entirely environmentally determined: linguists have found that any child (if capable of learning a language at all) can learn any human language with equal facility.
		With virtually all psychological traits however, there is an intermediate mix of nature and nurture, and opinions about the relative importance of each will often vary widely.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/n/na/nature_versus_nurture.html (2438 words)

	Behaviorism
		Psychological behaviorism, motivated by experimental interests, claims that to understand the origins of behavior, reference to stimulations (experiences) should be replaced by reference to stimuli (physical events in the environment), and that reference to thoughts or ideas should be eliminated or displaced in favor of reference to responses (overt behavior).
		Psychological behaviorists regard the practice of talking about one's own states of mind, and of introspectively reporting those states, as potentially useful data in psychological experiments, but as not presupposing the metaphysical subjectivity or non-physical presence of those states.
		Chomsky's own speculations about the psychological realities underlying language development included the hypothesis that the rules or principles underlying linguisitic behavior are abstract (applying to all human languages) and innate (part of our native psychological endowment as human beings).
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/behaviorism (5487 words)

	Case Western Reserve University - Department of Psychology - Courses
		This course will focus on the interplay of biological, psychological, familial, and social determinants of disorders ranging from autism to delinquency and bulimia.
		Of central concern will be the place of culture in the psychological study of religion, and in the construction of religious experience.
		Theories and experimental work dealing with such topics as nativism vs empiricism, perception without awareness, perception and personality, effects of drugs on personality, effects of drugs on perception, pathology of perception.
	www.case.edu /artsci/pscl/courses.htm (1917 words)

	[No title]
		It is presumably in virtue of many such psychological generalizations quantifying over the objects of propositional attitudes that the folk are able to subsume many different agents and to causally explain their behavior and thought processes falling under them.
		Given that a mature speaker is able to produce/understand a certain sentence in her native language, by psychological law, there always appear to be a cluster of other sentences that she is able to produce/understand.
		There are well-established psychological experiments and arguments that show that most people are susceptible to make mistakes depending on how the logical forms of the propositions are represented describing the problem for which the subjects are asked to produce a solution.
	web.clas.ufl.edu /users/maydede/LOTH.SEP.html (18143 words)

	Psych 601 Unit 1 Module 3
		Psychological determinism as used in psychology is sometimes broader and may take several different forms.
		Nativism maintains that psychological characteristics are present at birth (e.g., intelligence, personality, physical traits -- qualities, not actions).
		To recognize that psychological debate pivots on values and assumptions rather than on questions of fact, leads to a more reasoned approach to carrying out the responsibilities of both one's science and one's profession.
	online.sfsu.edu /~psych601/unit1/613.htm (3621 words)

	Fodor, The Mind Doesn't Work That Way
		Chomskian nativism and this New Synthesis l2 are, in some respects quite compatible.
		Computational nativism, by contrast, is primarily about the nature of mental processes (like thinking, for example) and so continues the tradition of rationalist psychology.
		I suspect that the basic perplexity of the New Synthesis is that the syntactic/ computational theory of thought that it depends on is likely to hold for cognitive processes in general only if the architecture of the mind is mostly modular; which, however, there is good reason to suppose that it isn’t.
	www.cogweb.ucla.edu /Abstracts/Fodor_00.html (2532 words)

	Concepts
		The five issues are: (1) the ontology of concepts, (2) the structure of concepts, (3) empiricism and nativism about concepts, (4) concepts and natural language, and (5) concepts and conceptual analysis.
		Categorization can be understood as a psychological process in which a complex concept is matched to a target item by checking to see if each and every one of its definitional constituents applies to the target.
		In effect, the atomist maintains that considerable psychological variability is consistent with concepts entering into the same mind-world causal relations, and that it's the latter that determines a concept's reference.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/concepts (9896 words)

	[No title]
		The problem with many contemporary criticisms of Chomsky and linguistic nativism is that they are based upon features of the theory that are no longer germane; aspects that have either been superseded by more adequate proposals, or that have been dropped altogether under the weight of contravening evidence.
		Paul Smolensky (in press) has explicitly endorsed a strong linguistic nativism, and is collaborating with a traditional linguist (Prince and Smolensky, in press) who was once highly critical of connectionist approach to language leanring (Pinker and Prince, 1988) in an effort to integrate connectionist and Chomskyan approaches to language.
		Clark (1993) has argued that these efforts constitute only a "minimal nativism," but there is no real reason to call it "minimal"; the result is a richly articulated native structure the absence of which would make reliable learning of particular and important kinds (such as of language) effectively impossible.
	www.yorku.ca /christo/papers/innate.htm (7095 words)

	Do you want to know how to tell when you’re getting old
		A nativism of domain specific information needn’t, of course, be incompatible with a nativism of domain specific acquisition mechanisms; in fact, people who are into `modular’ views of cognitive architecture generally (though by no means always; see, eg.
		So the psychological reality of grammars explains their success; and the innateness of UG explains why successful grammars are structurally similar.
		Nativism is right about the relation between the prototypes that one’s experiences lead one to construct and the concepts that constructing the prototypes trigger.
	ruccs.rutgers.edu /faculty/Fodor/cowiems.htm (14899 words)

	Nurturing Nativism
		Cowie limits her discussion of Fodor and concepts to the mystery version of nativism, and this is unfortunate.
		Indeed some of the more classic discussions of nativism as domain specificity certainly meant it to be relevant to concepts as Cowie nicely illustrates in her historical review; yet aside from a few comments mentioned below, she fails to return to that idea in discussing contemporary cognitive science.
		Domain specificity therefore seems to distinguish the one sense of nativism from empiricism only when the kinds of things that are domain specific are not simply sensory transducers.
	host.uniroma3.it /progetti/kant/field/cowiesymp_keil.htm (4798 words)

	THE PHILOSOPHY OF PSYCHOLOGY
		Their focus throughout the book is on the ways in which cognitive science presents a challenge to our common-sense self-image – arguing that our native conception of the mind will be enriched, but not overturned, by science.
		Chapter 5 discusses the extent to which psychological evidence of widespread human irrationality undermines our picture of ourselves as rational agents, and considers the arguments of some philosophers that widespread irrationality is impossible.
		And we think that the prospects for fruitful collaboration between empirically-minded philosophers of mind and theoretically-minded cognitive psychologists are excellent.
	www.philosophy.umd.edu /Faculty/pcarruthers/Blurb-PP.htm (1451 words)

	City University of New York: Neuropsychology Courses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The problems and paradigms typical of the various areas of psychological research are studied, and experiments from the literature are scrutinized and discussed.
		Particular attention is paid to potential sources of error and to the problems of control in different kinds of experiments.
		The course covers: historical perspectives, psychological theories of emotional processing, methods for the assessment of emotion, and emotional changes associated with neurological syndromes.
	web.gc.cuny.edu /dept/psych/subprogs/npsy/courses.htm (1743 words)

	Nativism
		Nativism is a cross-curricular lesson plan that explores anti-immigrant sentiment and stereotyping...
		Research support for this issue's articles on the new American nativism was provided by the Investigative Fund of The Nation Institute.
		Related: nativism :: nativism definition :: nativism in the 1920s :: nativism philosophy :: nativism 1920s :: nativism psychology :: nativism 1920 :: nativism in america :: nativism in 1920s :: nativism in the gilded age
	www.logicjungle.com /wiki/Nativism (292 words)

	Psychology 506 Syllabus
		To examine the principles of psychological assessment, including the psychometric theory and test construction.
		To understand the uses and misuses of psychological testing, both historically and presently, especially for minority populations and disadvantaged groups.
		Each student will select a psychological assessment strategy they want to explore and develop a research paper and presentation regarding their research.
	www.wvup.edu /mcclung/psychology_506_syllabus.htm (1020 words)

	Classics in the History of Psychology -- Baldwin (1901) Definitions Na - Ned (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		However that may be, transcendentalism and nativism have in common this difficulty, that they allow sense-impressions to be the necessary occasion even for the knowing of those truths, the knowledge of which they assert to be due to the native or essential constitution of the mind.
		Their theory of the origin of knowledge was that the mind (generally conceived as material) and the object always co-operated in producing it; and they attributed to the mind no greater share in producing the one kind than the other.
		Early in the history of the Church the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception was broached, and became a subject of controversy throughout the middle and later centuries of church history, being finally promulgated as the accepted doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church in 1854 by a bull of Pius IX.
	psychclassics.yorku.ca /Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/N1defs.htm (11413 words)

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