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Topic: Psychological repression

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	Critical Concepts: Repression (psychological)
		Psychological repression is a special case of internal conflict.
		But in psychological repression, a person manages to hide from himself certain facts about himself (certain feelings, desires, wishes, aversions, fears) that, for important reasons, are too painful to acknowledge.
		Secondly, it is often social demands that lie behind the elements of the conscious self that, in psycological repression, define the repressed elements of the self as unacceptable.
	www.k-state.edu /english/baker/english320/cc-repression0.htm (1143 words)

	Repressed memory - Psychology Wiki
		A repressed memory, according to some theories of psychology, is a memory (often traumatic) of an event or environment which is stored by the unconscious mind but outside the awareness of the conscious mind.
		The repressed memory concept was popularized during the 1980s and partly the 1990s by the popular press, some feminist groups, and some psychological schools of thought, however it is suffering a retreat in popularity with professionals and the public during recent years after a series of scandals concerning it.
		The theory of repressed memories must not be confused with the established psychological concept of repression in general which stresses impulses instead of memories.
	psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Repressed_memory (2750 words)

	VADIM ROTENBERG.CHARACTERISTICS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSE MECHANISMS IN HEALTHY TESTEES AND IN PATIENTS WITH SOMATIC ...
		Repression is discussed as the pathogenic mechanism of conversion hysteria, which is usually characterized clinically by the absence of anxiety.
		This suggests that psychological defense mechanisms are flexible and the organization of the psychological defense as well as its correlation with clinical state and behavior depends on many different factors.
		Repression is passive in its nature, it protects consciousness but does not allow the subject to discharge emotional tension - as a result high repression leads to anxiety and depression.
	rjews.net /v_rotenberg/psycholog_defense.html (2516 words)

	Psychological repression
		Normal psychological repression, on the other hand, is a universal quality of personality and perception, and is required for proper development to take place.
		In this context, repression is sometimes spoken of in two stages of personality development, which are progressively involved in the creation of the individual's sense of "self" and "other", of "good" and "bad", and of the aspects of personality called "ego" and "superego".
		Abnormal repression, or complex neurotic behavior involving repression and the superego, occurs when repression develops or continues to develop, due to the internalized feelings of anxiety, in ways leading to behavior that is illogical, self-destructive, or anti-social.
	pedia.counsellingresource.com /openpedia/Psychological_repression (800 words)

	.. Psychological repression - Enpsychlopedia
		Psychological repression, or simply repression, is the psychological act of excluding desires and impulses (wishes, fantasies or feelings) from one's consciousness and attempting to hold or subdue them in the subconscious.
		Because repression is unconscious, it manifests itself through a symptom or series of symptoms, sometimes called the "return of the repressed." A repressed sexual desire, for example, might re-surface in the form of a nervous cough or a slip of the tongue.
		Normal repression is sometimes considered to have two stages, which are progressively involved in the creation of the individual's sense of "self" and "other", of "good" and "bad", and of the aspects of personality called "ego" and "superego".
	www.enpsychlopedia.org /psypsych/Psychological_repression (712 words)

	PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS IN GUERRILLA WARFARE
		Guerrilla warfare is born and grows in the political environment; in the constant combat to dominate that area of political mentality that is inherent to all human beings and which collectively constitutes the "environment" in which guerrilla warfare moves, and which is where precisely its victory or failure is defined.
		Generalities The objective of this section is to familiarize the guerrilla with the techniques of psychological operations, which maximizes the social- psychological effect of a guerrilla movement, converting the guerrilla into a propagandist, in addition to being a combatant.
		Psychological Tactics, Maximum Flexibility Psychological tactics will have the greatest flexibility within a general plan, permitting a continuous and immediate adjustment of the message, and ensuring that an impact is caused on the indicated target group at the moment in which it is the most susceptible.
	www.fas.org /irp/cia/guerilla.htm (12958 words)

	Repression and Supression
		Even though repression is generally viewed as a destructive act, it is rightly called a defense mechanism because it defends us against psychological material that can indeed be dangerous if we don't have the ego strength or psychological skills to manage certain challenges to the ego.
		The repressed energy is lodged in the body, where it can be experienced as physical tension, physical numbness, lack of vitality, the physical and psychological symptoms of depression, diminished body awareness, and eventually illness.
		When repressed material is released, we experience a feeling of lightness and freedom, and power, because the energy from the material and from our effort to repress it is now available for a constructive use.
	members.tripod.com /david_gregory/repression.htm (1218 words)

	Critical Concepts: Repression (psychological): some examples of category error concerning the concept
		Among these concepts are: the agent of the repression, the subject of the repression, the object (or target) of the repression, the motive(s) of the repression, conditions behind the motivation of the repression.
		The phrase "[they] were faced with repression" implies that repression was something that was done to or imposed upon them by some external force beyond their control - as if we were dealing here with (say) police repression or political oppression, or the (social) repression of a woman by her husband.
		And the fact that these feelings were repressed might either intensify their disguised repression or at least render the agent unable to recognize the inappropriateness of his "transferred" behavior towards these innocent others and so take steps to prevent it.
	www-personal.ksu.edu /~lyman/english320/cc-repression1.htm (1848 words)

	Recovered memory of childhood sexual abuse
		The most common psychological explanation for the inability to access memory is repression, a psychological process by which distressing thoughts and feelings become inaccessible to conscious awareness.
		Another psychological explanation for amnesia is dissociation, an altered state of consciousness in which people mentally remove themselves from traumatic events—either by “splitting” their physical experience from their thoughts or emotions, or by assigning the experience to another personality which they develop to cope with the trauma.
		Repressed memories of childhood trauma are recovered for a variety of reasons.
	www.csbsju.edu /USPP/Resources/RecoveredMemory.html (2428 words)

	CNN Cold War - Historical Documents: CIA Manual: Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare
		In order to obtain the maximum results from the psychological operations in guerrilla warfare, every combatant should be as highly motivated to carry out propaganda face to face as he is as a combatant.
		The tactical effort in guerrilla warfare is directed at the weaknesses of the enemy and at destroying their military resistance capacity, and should be parallel to a psychological effort to weaken and destroy their socio-political capacity at the same time.
		Make the population see that it was the repressive system of the regime that was the cause of this situation, what really killed the informer, and that the weapon fired was one recovered in combat against the Sandinista regime.
	www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/18/documents/cia.ops (3181 words)

	Repressed and Unrepressed Memories - New England Psychodiagnostics
		Repression, in psychological terms, is a defense mechanism that is understood as a component within the unconscious life of a person.
		Repression was thought to be the selective forgetting of what was too painful or objectionable for the mind to accept, and storing it in the unconscious.
		When evidence of sexual abuse which may have been repressed is sought, enthusiastic inferences based on vague characteristics of abused victims frequently occur in spite of the logical and scientific errors which should be apparent.
	www.psychlaw.com /LibraryFiles/RepressedMemories.html (1661 words)

	repressed memory
		A repressed memory is the memory of a traumatic event unconsciously retained in the mind, where it is said to adversely affect conscious thought, desire, and action.
		Terr's theory is that the child becomes practiced at repression to banish the awful events from awareness, and forgetting might aid in the child's survival.
		Critics of RMT maintain that many therapists are not helping patients recover repressed memories, but are suggesting and planting false memories of alien abduction, sexual abuse, and satanic rituals.
	skepdic.com /repressedmemory.html (818 words)

	Inpsyte
		Elizabeth Loftus, now on the Board of Directors of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation, holds the view that repressed memory for sexual abuse is not valid evidence as testimony in cases where the victim is alleging abuse by parents or prominent caregivers.
		William's research has demonstrated that repression of memory about abuse is a valid phenomena and in many cases also includes a high accuracy rate of recall for specific details of the abuse.
		He concluded repression did not exist and it could not be used as an explanation for behavior.
	inpsyte.ca /williams.html (1563 words)

	Anarchy: A Journal of Desire Armed - Democracy versus Desire - Beyond the Politics of Measure
		The reason for this is that, while the politics of desire involves an immediacy of expression and an opposition to discursive exclusions that operate repressively, democracy implies the exclusion or repression of minorities as part of its basic logic.
		They have often also formed repressive psychological structures in order to cope with their position in an unfree society that controls and represses them, and these structures operate so as to intensify reactions against those perceived as "too" free and as threatening to the equilibrium of self-identity that safeguards social inclusion.
		Reactive psychology, which expresses itself in the ethics of self-deadening "shoulds", transmutes the internal repression of desire (itself necessary for one to subordinate oneself to the "majority") into a hostility against the expression of active desires by others, thus drawing social repression as the consequence of psychological repression.
	www.anarchymag.org /index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=40&Itemid=1 (3342 words)

	Prenatal and Perinatal Losses
		Intra-uterine, birth, and early bonding experiences are one of the most fertile areas in which to discover the etiology of a wide range of psychological problems.
		Repression, denial, and displacement of pain may manifest at a later time in psychosomatic and psychological symptoms.
		To reach the stage of acceptance by the route of denial and repression is impossible.
	www.starfound.org /losses.html (4158 words)

	Hearing the difference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It was startling then to discover that women for the most part were not included in research on psychological development, or when included were marginalized or interpreted within a theoretical bias where the child and the adult were assumed to be male and the male was taken as the norm.
		Theories of psychological and political development took this separation as foundational to the development of a sense of self, and as a result, the separate self and the selfless woman - the artifacts of a patriarchal psychology and politics - appeared natural and inevitable, necessary and good.
		In analyzing psychological theory and women's psychological development, I have attempted to show how a feminist ethic of care repudiates a feminine ethic of care on the grounds that a feminine ethic of care rests on a faulty notion of relationship.
	northonline.sccd.ctc.edu /CMN145/Gilligan.html (2725 words)

	Ishiguro
		His language is the language of skilled repression, filled with euphemisms such as "deceased condition" (106) that keep the unpleasant reality of death at arms' length.
		As Freud argued, it is this internalization of the parental edict that makes possible secondary or psychological repression in adult life, a condition that Banks obviously suffers from, as do all Ishiguro's narrators and many other of his characters.
		Repression is what causes the producer of the uncanny to over accentuate the psychical reality at the expense of the material reality.
	www.csulb.edu /~bhfinney/ishiguro.html (8702 words)

	Amicus brief: Vesecky vs. Vesecky
		Despite claims of the widespread occurrence of repression of childhood sexual abuse, comprehensive reviews [9] of the literature used to support the theory of repression reveal that, as yet, there is no controlled, experimental evidence to support authenticity of such memories or to confirm their very existence.
		Assuming arguendo that a number of actual repressed memory cases exist, the pain and suffering which many wrongfully accused individuals and their families will undergo in trying to defend an action brought many years after the alleged event, will nonetheless outweigh, in public policy terms, any relief which might be granted to a legitimate plaintiff.
		As awareness of the inherent problems of "repressed memory" litigation and the questionable psychotherapeutic techniques associated with it becomes available, it is hoped that the courts and legislatures will begin to frame laws that are designed to balance not only the rights of both parties, but also the welfare of the public at large.
	www.fmsfonline.org /Vesecky.html (7767 words)

	A LIST OF MAJOR PSYCHOLOGICAL SEQUELAE OF ABORTION
		Since many post-aborted women use repression as a coping mechanism, there may be a long period of denial before a woman seeks psychiatric care.
		These repressed feelings may cause psychosomatic illnesses and psychiatric or behavioral in other areas of her life.
		PTSD is a psychological dysfunction which results from a traumatic experience which overwhelms a person's normal defense mechanisms resulting in intense fear, feelings of helplessness or being trapped, or loss of control.
	afterabortion.info /psychol.html (2262 words)

	English 355: Myths, Legends & Literature
		Joseph Campbell asserts that the gods of myth are essentially masks, i.e., metaphors for the spiritual unknown that is the ultimate object of the hero's quest.
		These encounters may be interpreted psychologically as steps in a process of self-discovery and realization of the unconscious or spiritually as revelations of the divine potential within the mundane.
		repression: A psychological defense mechanism whereby the volatile impulses of the id--irrational desires, ideas, or fears--are unconsciously excluded from the conscious mind or transformed into less threatening form.
	www.cait.org /eng356/glossary.html (7005 words)

	Orders of Value
		Thus, society takes place inside a force field of taboo and psychological repression, in which there is an effort to banish some things from being mentioned in certain situations, some things from being mentioned at all, and some things from being thought.
		There is a definite correlation between social taboos that tell us what is considered evil, and that seek to banish ideas from being expressed or thought, and psychological repression, which banishes ideas from being consciously thought.
		Psychological health versus pathology and neurosis, can embody functionality or morality, depending on whether or not these are seen as acts of will.
	www.transparencynow.com /news/valueorders.htm (5542 words)

	repression - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Repression, forgetting memories of an unpleasant or unacceptable nature out of psychological need.
		Censorship, effect on individuals and groups, impact on arts and culture, in U.S. historical context, political parties that suffered repression,...
		- psychological protective mechanism: in Freudian psychology, a mechanism by which people protect themselves from threatening...
	encarta.msn.com /repression.html (133 words)

	Psychosocial aspects of burn injuries -- Wiechman and Patterson 329 (7462): 391 -- BMJ
		Psychological characteristics of critical stage of recovery from a burn
		Psychological characteristics of acute stage of recovery from a burn
		Psychological characteristics during rehabilitation stage of recovery from a burn
	www.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/329/7462/391 (1358 words)

	Occupational therapy \| csmonitor.com
		From the fleeing leaders to the looting masses, the people of Iraq and their response to recent events have been discussed in psychological terms.
		And the solution, it seems, is a form of occupation that allows Iraqis room for self-expression, while helping to channel their released emotions into forming a new government.
		With old rulers suffering from "emotional hijack syndrome" and a population that looks like so much "psychological wreckage" (better, I suppose, than being "collateral damage"), it is not surprising that Maj. Gen.
	www.csmonitor.com /2003/0424/p09s02-coop.htm (563 words)

	The Rio Negro Massacre &
		Graduates of the SOA are the 'enforcers' of economic lending institutions like the World Bank that seek to maximize profit at the cost of human lives and the environment.
		In 1980, the people of Guatemala were struggling to survive after decades of civil war in which the Guatemalan army conducted a campaign of genocide against indigenous populations.
		It wasn't until 1993 that levels of repression in Guatemala decreased to such a point that brave individuals could begin to publicly denounce the crimes and atrocities of the past and begin to seek justice and redress
	www.soawne.org /RioNegro.html (1467 words)

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