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Topic: Psychosocial Hypothesis

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	Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General - Chapter 4
		This section of the chapter describes the biological, genetic, and psychosocial factors—such as cognition, personality, and gender—that correlate with, or predispose to, depression.
		Despite the problems with the hypothesis that monoamine depletion is the primary cause of depression, monoamine impairment is certainly one of the manifestations, or correlates, of depression.
		An important shortcoming of the monoamine hypothesis was its inattention to the psychosocial risk factors that influence the onset and persistence of depressive episodes.
	www.surgeongeneral.gov /library/mentalhealth/chapter4/sec3_1.html (6101 words)

	Hypothesis Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A hypothesis (from Greek ὑπόθεσις) consists either of a suggested explanation for a phenomenon or of a reasoned proposal suggesting a possible correlation between multiple phenomena.
		In due course, a confirmed hypothesis may become part of a theory or occasionally may grow to become a theory itself.
		It is essential in framing an hypothesis that the investigator does not currently know the outcome of a potentially falsifying test or that it remains reasonably under continuing investigation.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /topic/Hypothesis.html (1259 words)

	Psychosocial risk factors for heart disease in France and Northern Ireland: The Prospective Epidemiological Study of ...
		Psychosocial risk factors for heart disease in France and Northern Ireland: The Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction (PRIME) -- Sykes et al.
		The relationship of psychosocial factors to coronary heart disease in the Framingham study 1.
		The relationship of psychosocial factors to coronary heart disease in the Framingham study: III Eight-year incidence of coronary heart disease.
	ije.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/31/6/1227 (4112 words)

	NCCS: About NCCS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Today, we find ourselves in a changing health care arena, one where psychosocial care may be seen as an adjunct, "value added" rather than essential, and where the need for psychosocial research is considered questionable.
		In this current era of cost containment and minimal standards of care, the discoveries made by researchers to date may be disregarded, and the opportunity for advancing the field of psychosocial oncology may be greatly diminished.
		Screening for psychosocial risk and in-depth individual and family assessments conducted on a regular and continuous basis across the disease spectrum by qualified psychosocial specialists and, in conjunction with the medical plan, the development of a psychosocial treatment plan
	www.canceradvocacy.org /advocacy/intro/imperatives_psychosocial.aspx (1459 words)

	Wayne State University \| School of Medicine
		Environmental and psychosocial factors will correlate differentially with biological and genetic factors, and better understanding of these relationships will facilitate development of interventions to favorably affect modifiable factors.
		Hypothesis: Environmental and individual attributes will impact the adoption of multi-faceted lifestyle interventions.
		Hypothesis: Counseling of dyads will prove more effective than solely counseling individual patients affected with advanced cardiovascular disease.
	www.med.wayne.edu /intmed/CUAAH/Objectives.htm (277 words)

	Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology: Cumulative risk across family stressors: short- and long-term effects for ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Second, the "short term hypothesis" predicted that there would be a significant relationship between number of risk factors and concurrent adolescent adjustment; however, there would not be a long-term effect when psychosocial adjustment in young adulthood was examined.
		Third, the "continuation hypothesis" posited that there would be a short-term and a long-term relationship between number of family risk factors and psychosocial adjustment.
		Fourth, the "delayed effect hypothesis" proposed that there would not be a short-term relationship but there would be a long-term relationship between number of family risk factors and psychosocial adjustment.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0902/is_n2_v26/ai_20824362 (1294 words)

	Milbank Quarterly
		The income inequality hypothesis states that there is a direct health effect of aggregate-level income inequality, which could be due to psychosocial processes based on perceptions of place in the social hierarchy (Wilkinson 1997).
		Such deployments of the psychosocial interpretation of the income inequality—health hypothesis would probably not have appeared in these sorts of government reports in the past and so indicates acceptance by the broader research and policy community that the psychosocial interpretation contributes much to a generalizable explanation for health and health inequalities in different contexts.
		He argued that this “casts doubt on the hypothesis that inequalities in the distribution of income are closely associated with variations in average life expectancy at birth among the richest nations of the world” (Judge 1995, 1282).
	www.milbank.org /quarterly/8201feat.html (18428 words)

	Art for Recovery: Expanding Access for the Underserved
		The long-range mission is to better meet the psychosocial needs of women with breast cancer from underserved groups—through identifying appropriate types of psychosocial support to meet these women’s needs and ultimately developing support services that are appealing, culturally appropriate, inexpensive, and easily available.
		The interviews are bringing into focus barriers that prevent women with breast cancer from underserved groups from receiving needed psychosocial support, their preferences for types of support services, and their views on how and which types of art/craft-based services may be of value.
		The central hypothesis of the study is that psychosocial support services that employ visual expression in the form of art or craft represent an important alternative to standard support groups, and can meet needs of women with breast cancer from underserved groups that cannot be met by services that depend on verbal expression.
	www.cbcrp.org /research/PageGrantPrintPage.asp?grant_id=2585 (1357 words)

	Sex Roles: A Journal of Research: Gender patterns of psychosocial development
		The psychosocial challenges of identity consolidation, interpersonal intimacy, and generative care are paramount during the period from adolescence to late middle-age.
		The period of early adulthood thus reflects a period in which the psychosocial issues of identity, intimacy, and generativity are addressed and an ethical identity is developed.
		Erikson's (1975) hypothesis that psychosocial maturation prompts the development of ethical concern is reflected in the perspective-taking- and empathy-mediated paths from intimacy to moral reasoning.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2294/is_n5-6_v39/ai_21227883 (1258 words)

	ufo - UFOS at close sight: The Carl Higdon close encounter of the 3rd kind, 1974
		Many researchers, particularly those who support the "psychosocial hypothesis" (whatever this may really mean) have sometimes ignored the border between conscious memories and memories that surfaced after hypnotic regression sessions when they speculate their interpretations on such cases.
		In the vision of the psychosocial theoricians, strangeness in encounters of alien beings and in fairy lore is pointed at as an indication that the same psychosocial phenomenon is the source of both tales of fairies and dwarves and tales of encounters with alien beings.
		Soon it appears that the tenants of what is dubbed the psychosocial hypothesis have a double approach, or tend to present two approaches in a rather undecided manner.
	ufologie.net /htm/higdon74.htm (4113 words)

	[No title]
		AB Tests C. Spearman's (1927) hypothesis that Black-White differences on a set of cognitive tests are positively associated with the tests' g loadings (the general intellectual ability) in a South African sample.
		Reasons and examples are given to argue that affirmation of a scientific hypothesis must be based primarily on substantive evidence that is independent of a hypothesis test.
		Significant p -values for the hypothesis tests indicate that Ss' rating of instructors was dependent on the 4 factors investigated.
	www.uic.edu /classes/comm/comm201/sthypo.html (4136 words)

	Psychosocial work environment and indoor air problems: a questionnaire as a means of problem diagnosis -- Lahtinen et ...
		Psychosocial work environment and indoor air problems: a questionnaire as a means of problem diagnosis -- Lahtinen et al.
		Psychosocial work environment and indoor air problems: a questionnaire as a means of problem diagnosis
		Psychosocial dimensions of solving an indoor air problem.
	oem.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/61/2/143 (3734 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Meeting Psychosocial Needs of Women with Breast Cancer (2004)
		When outcomes are self-reported, patients should be unaware of the specific study hypothesis (if possible), and research staff who score the questionnaires should be unaware of subjects’ randomization allocation.
		Finally, cost and feasibility assessments to allow the possible balancing of benefits against costs of psychosocial interventions or programs should be included insofar as is possible and consistent with the abilities of the investigators, time and money resources available, and capacities of the settings.
		Each randomized trial should have a clearly stated hypothesis and a clearly stated primary outcome; sample size calculations and statistical analyses should reflect this primary study question.
	www.nap.edu /openbook/0309091292/html/104.html (714 words)

	BEH John Heneryism
		He proposed that prolonged, high effort coping with difficult psychosocial stressors could be the explanation of both the inverse association between socioeconomic status and hypertension typically observed in U.S. communities and the increased risk for this disorder in Black Americans.
		The "John Henryism hypothesis" is the belief that John Henryism (JH) among lower socioeconomic groups that may not have the resources to successively cope with difficult psychological stressors are primarily responsible for the increased prevalence of hypertension among lower socioeconomic groups.
		To provide more convincing evidence for the validity of the John Henryism hypothesis, prospective studies must be done that show the combination of low SES and high JH scores at one point in time contributes to an accelerated increase in blood pressure by some well defined, second point in time.
	www.workhealth.org /risk/rfbjh.html (3674 words)

	Obstetrics - Stress and miscarriage
		According to the researchers, from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, USA, the study is one of the first to examine the role of psychosocial stress on early pregnancy loss.
		Writing in the latest issue of the journal Annals of Epidemiology, the researchers report no relationship between the level of psychosocial stress — as determined by the three stress scales and by cortisol levels —and the risk of spontaneous abortion.
		The Philadelphia researchers conclude: "The influence of psychosocial stress on the risk of spontaneous abortion is unclear.
	vienna-doctor.com /ENG/Articles_ENG/stress_and_miscarriage.html (290 words)

	FRBSF: Economic Letter - Income Inequality and Mortality Risk in the United States: Is There a Link (10/02/98)
		Moreover, the negative health outcomes of an unequal income distribution may not be limited to the portion of the population with fewer resources.
		The psychosocial hypothesis suggests that it is relative income position itself that matters for life expectancy.
		Under this hypothesis, income inequality and mortality risk are linked through the effects of emotional and psychological stress on health.
	www.frbsf.org /econrsrch/wklyltr/wklyltr98/el98-29.html (1685 words)

	Ufology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Extraterrestrial Hypothesis (ETH) theorizes that some UFO sightings are alien spacecraft.
		A sub-theory, the Staging Hypothesis, prevalent up until the 1980s, speculated that extraterrestrials have "stage-managed" encounters as a deliberate policy to "educate" humanity.
		The theory, related to the Psychosocial hypothesis, that angelic, demonic and other supernatural manifestations down the centuries were caused by aliens trying to control human destiny, and that or some UFO sightings are part of this process.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ufology (1424 words)

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		The hypothesis of the cardiovascular hyperreactivity to stress as one of the mechanisms involved in the origin of cardiovascular disease has promoted several trends of research in current psychophysiology.
		Thus, linking this perspective to the hypothesis of psychosocial vulnerability, an interpersonal stress situation such as an interview seems to be a useful approach.
		Thus, if a psychosocial vulnerability is postulated as a psychological risk factor for cardiovascular disorders, a social encounter seems to be a good strategy to assess the physiological concomitants of such vulnerability.
	reme.uji.es /articulos/acalve691261199/texto.html (4502 words)

	Stability and change in psychosocial resources during caregiving and bereavement in partners of men with AIDS.
		Stability and change in psychosocial resources during caregiving and bereavement in partners of men with AIDS.
		We explored three hypotheses regarding these effects: the wear and tear" hypothesis, which asserts that the chronic stress of caregiving and bereavement diminishes resources; the enhancement" hypothesis, which asserts that caregiver resources may increase in response to increased demands; and the personality" hypothesis, which asserts that psychosocial resources reflect stable personality characteristics.
		Support for the personality hypothesis predominated, with some support for the wear and tear hypothesis, depending on the resource in question.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1997/oct/M97A0818.html (406 words)

	Clinical Impact Evaluation of Integrated and Disease Specific Substance Abuse Program Models in Honduras
		This is based on the first hypothesis that predicted a greater number of successful treatment outcomes for integrated programs than disease-specific models.
		By contrast, experimental methodologies initiate studies based on a hypothesis and the research is conducted to reach a conclusion about the relationship between the variables and whether to reject or accept the hypothesis.
		Finally, the evaluative method is not constrained to hypothesis testing, but seeks to functionally establish the most salient variables operating in the natural settings of mental health service programs.
	www.psychosocial.com /dualdx/study.html (13605 words)

	[No title]
		In particular, the hypothesis was tested that drinking to drown one's sorrows (S-type) was much more a risk factor than pleasure drinking (P-type).
		However, these studies were not always designed to test the hypothesis of synergism, and have sometimes failed to equate for important variables, which might influence the results.
		The present study tests the hypothesis that psychosocial variables and physical ones (personality/stress, smoking, and genetic predisposition) interact in a synergistic fashion in the causation of lung cancer and coronary heart disease (CHD).
	www.webshells.com /medsrch/streshrt.txt (2072 words)

	Guideline 29 Section 16: Psychosocial aspects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Further work is required to confirm or refute the hypothesis that psychosocial interventions can enhance survival in women with breast cancer.
		It is clear that the psychosocial dimension of patient care is extremely important in terms of quality of life and that it may also be significant in terms of disease progression.
		In the UK many centres have appointed breast care specialists who are usually nurses by training but few have had adequate training in identification of psychiatric morbidity and in counselling (see section 17.5).
	www.sign.ac.uk /guidelines/fulltext/29/section16.html (946 words)

	eMedicine - Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder : Article Excerpt by: Thwe T Htay, MD
		Pathophysiology: Major theories to explain the pathophysiology of PMDD are the (1) ovarian hormone hypothesis, (2) serotonin hypothesis, (3) psychosocial hypothesis, (4) cognitive and social learning theory, and (5) sociocultural theory.
		The ovarian hormone theory hypothesizes that PMDD is caused by an imbalance in the ratio of estrogen to progesterone, with a relative deficiency in progesterone.
		The psychosocial theory hypothesizes that PMDD or PMS is a conscious manifestation of a woman's unconscio.....
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder.htm (606 words)

	Psychosocial factors and public health -- Singh-Manoux et al. 57 (8): 553 -- Journal of Epidemiology and Community ...
		Psychosocial factors and public health -- Singh-Manoux et al.
		an examination of the impact of psychosocial interventions.
		Psychosocial and material pathways in the relation between income and health: a response to Lynch et al.
	jech.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/57/8/553 (2803 words)

	Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Mullan will defend her thesis entitled, “Psychosocial Variables and Measures of Health Status in Osteoarthritis,” on Tuesday, July 27, 2004, at 5:30 p.m.
		Researchers investigating the influence of psychosocial variables on the health status of arthritis patients have used a variety of health measures.
		The results supported the hypothesis that the OA risk factors and psychosocial variables would be better predictors of the DSMH than of the GMH.
	www.psychology.sdsu.edu /OD-Mullan.htm (490 words)

	Abstract 91-100
		In order to test the hypothesis that the DRD2 A1 allele is only associated with alcoholism in subjects with elevated stress exposure, we examined the gene-stress interactional model in a sample of males of Mayan descent in the Olancho district of Honduras.
		These findings support a genetic explanation of the Belsky psychosocial evolutionary hypothesis regarding the association of fathers' absence and parental stress with early age of onset of menarche and early sexual activity in their daughters.
		A genetic explanation of the father absence effect is proposed in which fathers carrying the AR alleles are more likely to abandon a marriage (father absence) and pass those alleles to their daughters in whom they produce an earlier age of menarche and behavioral problems.
	www.hopepress.com /html/abstract_91-100.html (1788 words)

	EFFECT OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL STRESS MANAGEMENT (CBSM) INTERVENTION ON IMMUNE PARAMETERS IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Psychosocial intervention could represent a powerful tool for helping women to deal with this stressful event successfully.
		DISCUSSION: These preliminary results support our hypothesis that psychosocial intervention improved levels of LAK response in the presence of IL-2 and IFN-g.
		These preliminary results indicate that particular immune parameters may be used to measure an improved immune response in breast cancer patients in a psychosocial intervention program.
	www.med.miami.edu /mnbws/Blomberg73.html (982 words)

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