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Topic: Pterosaur

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	Pterosauria
		The appearance of flight in pterosaurs was separate from the evolution of flight in birds and bats; pterosaurs are not closely related to either birds or bats, and thus provide a classic example of convergent evolution.
		It was once thought that pterosaurs were not well adapted for active flight and relied largely on gliding and on the wind to stay in the air.
		Pterosaurs had hollow bones, large brains with well-developed optic lobes, and several crests on their bones to which flight muscles attached.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /diapsids/pterosauria.html (687 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Pterosaurs
		Pterosaurs are classified as archosaurs, along with crocodiles and dinosaurs (and their descendants, the birds).
		Pterosaur wings were thin membranes of skin, strengthened by closely spaced fibers, attached to the extremely long fourth finger of each arm and extending along the sides of the body.
		Pterosaurs are known to have been attacked by spinosaurs: in the 1 July 2004 edition of Nature, paleontologist Eric Buffetaut discusses an early Cretaceous fossil of three cervical vertebrae of a pterosaur with the broken tooth of a spinosaur embedded in it.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pterosaurs (1295 words)

	Pterosaurs @ Planet Dinosaur (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pterosaur fossils are were difficult to preserve since their bones were hollow, and when sediments piled on top of them, the bones tend to get flattened.
		Pterosaur wings were thin membranes of skin attached to the long fourth finger of the arm and extending along the sides of the body.
		Pterosaurs were carnivores, they ate fish which they caught while skimming the surface of the oceans, mollusks, crabs, insects, and might also scavenged dead animals on land.
	planetdinosaur.com /non_dinosaurs/rulers_of_the_sky/pterosaurs.htm (517 words)

	Pterosaur
		Pterosaurs are classified as archosaurs, along with crocodiles and dinosaurs (and their descendants, the birds).
		Pterosaur wings were thin membranes of skin, strengthened by closely spaced fibers, attached to the extremely long fourth finger of each arm and extending along the sides of the body.
		Pterosaurs are known to have been attacked by spinosaurs: in the 1 July 2004 edition of Nature, paleontologist Eric Buffetaut discusses an early Cretaceous fossil of three cervical vertebrae of a pterosaur with the broken tooth of a spinosaur embedded in it.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/p/pt/pterosaur.html (1086 words)

	AllRefer.com - pterosaur (Vertebrate Zoology) - Encyclopedia
		The flying apparatus of pterosaurs comprised a membranous wing stretched between the fourth finger of the hand and the side of the body.
		Pterosaurs, unlike the flying dinosaur Archaeopteryx, were not ancestral to the birds but represented a wholly separate line of development.
		Like dinosaurs, pterosaurs were affected by the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/pterosau.html (388 words)

	PTEROSAURS- Enchanted Learning Software
		Some pterosaurs had fur on their bodies, and some (like Pteranodon) had light-weight, bony crests on their heads that may have acted as a rudder when flying, or may have been a sexual characteristic.
		Pterosaurs could flap their wings and fly with power, but the largest ones (like Quetzalcoatlus, which had a wingspan up to 36 feet or 11 m wide) probably relied on updrafts (rising warm air) and breezes to help in flying.
		Pterosaurs were carnivores; they ate fish (which they caught at the surface of the oceans), mollusks, crabs, perhaps plankton (for some species), insects, and scavenged dead animals on land.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/dinosaurs/dinos/Pterosaur.shtml (1065 words)

	X-Project: Pterosaurs and Kongamatos
		Most paleontologists will tell you that the Pterosaur (including the pterodactylus and pteranodon.), a flying reptile of the Mesozoic era, has been extinct for over 60 million years; however, several recent sightings may suggest these large "flying" reptiles are still alive.
		To the rationalist (skeptic), the pterosaur is nothing more than misidentifications of modern birds such as herons or storks perhaps; or sightings are imagined or hoaxed.
		A paranormal theory speculates that Pterosaurs are actually from other dimensions or from the past and unintentionally slip past "gates" in time or space which transport them where they can be seen by bewildered contemporary humans.
	www.xprojectmagazine.com /archives/cryptozoology/pterosaur.html (525 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for pterosaur (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sordes pilosus Discovered in 1971, one of the first pterosaurs (Pterosauria) known to have been covered in thick fur: the name means ‘hairy filth’.
		Quetzalcoatlus northropi A huge pterosaur (Pterosauria), first discovered in 1975 in Texas, that had a wing-span of 10 m or more and lived as do vultures, using warm air thermals to soar high over the Cretaceous plains.
		Pterosaur was a whiz in flight, studies show.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=pterosaur (652 words)

	ScienceDaily: Pterosaur (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pterosaurs, "winged lizards," often referred to as "pterodactyls" were flying reptiles of the clade Pterosauria.
		Paleontologists Discover Pterosaur Fossils In Sahara (December 24, 2003) -- A new species of pterosaur with a 16-foot wingspan has been discovered in the southern Sahara by a team led by University of Chicago paleontologist Paul Sereno.
		Pterosaur -- Pterosaurs, "winged lizards," often referred to as "pterodactyls" were flying reptiles of the clade Pterosauria.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/Pterosaur (1449 words)

	CNN.com - Ancient flying reptiles fed like gulls - July 21, 2002
		The pterosaur fossil was found in the Araripe Basin in northeastern Brazil, which was a lagoon 100 million years ago and now is rich in fish, crocodilian and other aquatic fossils, according to Kellner.
		The pterosaur fossil was covered with rock and dirt when it was found and was extensively cleaned with chemicals and acid.
		Pterosaurs differ from dinosaurs significantly in their pelvis, finger, and other bone structures.
	edition.cnn.com /2002/TECH/science/07/19/skimming.pterosaur/index.html?related (485 words)

	pterosaur - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Pterosaur (Greek ptero, “wing”; sauros, “lizard”), flying reptile that existed during the Mesozoic era, between about 230 million and 65 million...
		Dinosaurs are distinguished by an erect posture in which the limbs are brought more or less under the body in the fashion of birds and mammals,...
		This is a group of extinct flying reptiles related to dinosaurs (Pterosaur).
	uk.encarta.msn.com /pterosaur.html (108 words)

	Ropens - Live Pterosaurs in Papua New Guinea
		It was assumed that pterosaurs lived long ago, since well-known living creatures had little resemblance to those fossils.
		When a pterosaur fossil is found, it’s normally assumed that the creature lived in the Mesozoic time period; the layer in which the fossil was found is then classified as Mesozoic.
		If some pterosaurs are living in modern times, and one becomes fossilized and the fossil is discovered, it would then be incorrectly assumed to be a Mesozoic fossil; the strata would be assumed to be Mesozoic.
	www.ropens.com (987 words)

	OBJECTIVE: Creation Education \| Pterosaurs
		This is an executive overview of pterosaur research that is being presented as part of Project Pterosaur, a joint venture of Fellowship University and the Fairlight Institute, whose goal is to mount an expedition to bring back living pterosaurs so that they may testify against Evolutionism and to the Lord's Creation.
		Pterosaurs (ter’ə·sôrs) are flying reptiles with leathery or membranous wings attached to the sides of their bodies and supported by an elongated fourth digit on their forelimbs.
		Living pterosaurs are known by a wide variety of different local names, which may represent the same or different kinds (research for Project Pterosaur will try to bring some sense to modern pterosaur taxonomy and baraminology).
	objectiveministries.org /creation/pterosaurs.html (2763 words)

	New "Haired" Pterosaur Fossil Found in China
		Scientists found that the pterosaur's "hair" bears some resemblance to that of some feathered dinosaurs, and they have put forward a hypothesis that the two kinds of integument might have come from the same structure of their common ancestors.
		The pterosaur is the first crawler to develop the ability to fly and did so over 70 million years earlier than birds.
		Pterosaurs are referred to a reptile group called Archosaurs, as are dinosaurs, crocodiles and birds.
	www.china.org.cn /english/26269.htm (468 words)

	Pterosaur: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		The U+0022pteroidU+0022 bone, unique to the pterosaur group, attached to the wrist and pointed toward the shoulder, also helped support the wing, and the wings were strengthened by numerous connective tissue fibers.
		A weird, almost Jurassic skeleton except for a hoof, it might be the remains of a pterosaur is sprawled next to a rusty pool of unspeakable vileness.
		In 1971, remains of a giant pterosaur were found in Texas which suggested they...Jordan, Brazil and Romania also indicate pterosaurs had wingspans well in excess of the Texas...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/pterosaur.jsp (1265 words)

	Pterosaur Characters & Anatomy
		Pterosaur wings consisted of a membrane attached to the body and stretched along the length of the arm and a highly elongated fourth finger.
		It has been argued that pterosaurs were capable bipeds, but a suite of skeletal features suggests that this is not the case, and that pterosaurs were obligate quadrupeds.
		Pterosaurs were first described in the 19th Century, and even at that time many researchers considered them to be endothermic, or "warm-blooded," just as modern birds and bats are.
	palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk /Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Pterosaurs/Anatomy.html (735 words)

	Pterosaur skull suggests sex and violence - dinosaurs - 18 July 2002 - New Scientist
		New research on a giant fossilised pterosaur skull suggests the flying dinosaur may have preyed on fish at the sea surface like a modern skimmer.
		When the pterosaur lived, north-eastern Brazil was a shallow sea rich in fish and with many islands that would have been safe nesting places, says David Martill of the University of Portsmouth.
		Channels on the surface of the crest were probably the imprints of blood vessels, indicating the pterosaur may have used the crest to cool its body during periods of intense activity.
	www.newscientist.com /channel/life/dinosaurs/dn2567 (422 words)

	University of Portsmouth \| bone structure
		Pterosaur bones are hollow, extremely thin, very lightly built but can be incredibly strong.
		Images 03, 04 and 05 are of the same portion of layered pterosaur bone and show how the layers are discontinuous, probably as a result of a spiral-binding growth.
		08: Localised thickening in the hollow interior of a pterosaur wing-bone.
	www.port.ac.uk /research/palaeobiology/pterosaurs/gallery/bonestructure (277 words)

	People's Daily Online -- New type of flying reptile "Jida pterosaur" discovered in China
		Type specimens of fossils and research fruits of the "Jida pterosaur", a new kind of reptile living in early Cretaceous were displayed at a press conference held at the fossil exhibition hall of the Paleontology and Stratigraphy Center of the Jinlin University Dec 22.
		The study of the pterosaur fossil is completed by a task group headed by part-time professor of Jilin University Dong Zhiming, who is also a renowned expert on dinosaur research and a researcher with the Research Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
		The fossil of the "Jida pterosaur" is discovered in the stratum of Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formtion at Chaoyang, Liaoning Province.
	english.people.com.cn /200412/24/eng20041224_168573.html (279 words)

	The Wing of A Pterosaur
		The shape of the wing of a Pterosaurs is very similar to that of both bats and birds.
		All this leads to the conclusion that the Pterosaurs generally had membrane type wings, but with sufficient supporting structure to make the wing taught or on the rigid side.
		The shape of the wing of the Pterosaur is the determining factor in the scientist's mind that the Pterosaur in fact flew.
	wings.avkids.com /Curriculums/Dinosaurs/wing_of_a_pterosaur.html (724 words)

	Pterosaur Subgroups
		While the phylogeny of pterosaurs is fairly well understood, other cladograms have been published that differ slightly in their structure; see Keller (2003) for one such alternative.
		Cretaceous ctenochasmatids were unique among pterosaurs in being filter feeders, their jaws lined with large numbers of small teeth.
		The largest pterosaur known from fairly complete material is Quetzalcoatlus of the North American Cretaceous, which had a wing span of 12 metres (though recent research has suggested that larger species may have existed).
	palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk /Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Pterosaurs/Subgroups.html (541 words)

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