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Topic: Ptosis

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	Ptosis
		Ptosis (pronounced TOE-sis) is the medical term for drooping eyelids.
		This operation is the same one surgeons use for congenital ptosis: shortening the levator muscle or connecting it to the muscles of the brow.
		Ptosis is a condition where the upper eyelid droops over the eye.
	www.steen-hall.com /ptosis.html (530 words)

	eMedicine - Ptosis, Congenital : Article by Donny W Suh, MD, FAAP
		Ptosis may be present at birth, or it may develop later in life.
		In most cases of congenital ptosis, the problem is isolated and does not affect the vision.
		Surgery for ptosis in patients with a history of dry eyes, seventh cranial nerve palsy, or significant extraocular muscle abnormalities, such as severe Graves ophthalmopathy, double elevator palsy, or progressive external ophthalmoplegia, should be approached with great caution to avoid exposure keratopathy following the surgery.
	www.emedicine.com /oph/topic345.htm (2802 words)

	Ptosis
		Ptosis is the term used for a drooping upper eyelid.
		Ptosis may occur because the levator muscle's attachment to the lid is weakening with age.
		The primary symptom of ptosis is a drooping eyelid.
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/ency/ptosis.jsp (657 words)

	Encyclopedia - Ptosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ptosis is the medical term used to describe drooping of the upper eyelid, partially or completely covering the eye.
		Ptosis can be the result of an eyelid tumor, which restricts the action of the levator, the muscle that raises the upper eyelid.
		Sometimes ptosis in children is related to astigmatism, a condition in which the cornea is uneven in curvature.
	www.visionrx.com /library/enc/enc_ptosis.asp (485 words)

	Ptosis (Drooping Eyelid) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ptosis is the medical term for drooping of the upper eyelid, a condition that may affect one or both eyes.
		The ptosis may be mild—in which the lid partially covers the pupil; or severe—in which the lid completely covers the pupil.
		Congenital ptosis is treated surgically, with the specific operation based on the severity of the ptosis and the strength of the levator muscle.
	www.stamfordeye.com /ptosis.html (425 words)

	Brian Leatherbarrow, FRCS, FRCOphth
		Ptosis which is present at birth is often caused by poor development of the eyelid-lifting muscle, called the levator.
		In severe ptosis when the levator is very weak, the eyelid may be suspended from the brow so that the forehead muscles do the lifting (a frontalis suspension procedure).
		The most common type of adult ptosis is caused by a separation of the levator muscle tendon from the lower aspect of the eyelid.
	www.eyelidsurgery.co.uk /conditions/blb-ptosis.htm (1172 words)

	David R. Hardten, M.D. - Eye Conditions - Ptosis
		Ptosis (pronounced "tosis") is the term applied to a wholly droopy eyelid.
		Congenital ptosis is most commonly caused by a dystrophy of the levator muscle, which elevates the upper eyelid.
		Involutional ptosis is an aging phenomenon resulting from laxity of certain tissues in the upper lid.
	drhardten.eyemdlink.com /Condition.asp?ConditionID=370 (204 words)

	Ptosis Management: A Practical Approach (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ptosis of the upper eyelid is a condition in which the upper eyelid margin is in an abnormal inferiorly displaced position.
		If the ptosis is congenital, one should question the patient or family as to the absence or presence of jaw winking.
		Acquired severe ptosis, such as seen with third nerve palsy, progressive external ophthalmoplegia, or oculopharyngeal dystrophy, is best treated by frontalis suspension using a silicone (Silastic) rod because of its adjustability and the possibility for subsequent removal if the cornea becomes compromised.
	www.drdresner.com /ptosis_mngmnt_1.htm (4439 words)

	Ptosis -- Drooping of the Upper Eyelid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Patipa's main goal in ptosis surgery is to restore a normal field of vision and to achieve symmetry of the upper eyelids.
		Acquired ptosis is most commonly due to stretching of the levator muscle in the eyelid and may occur as a result of aging, trauma or muscular or neurologic disease.
		Patipa treats ptosis by reattaching stretched muscles to their proper location, shortening the congenitally non-developed levator muscle or utilizing a "sling" which enables the forehead to elevate the eyelid in cases where the levator muscle does not function due to neurologic or medical cause.
	www.oculo-doc.com /myasthenia_gravis_ptosis.htm (273 words)

	Ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid)
		Ptosis can be inherited, and it can either be present at birth or occur later in life.
		Before determining whether surgery is necessary and what kind of surgery is needed, the ophthalmologist must consider the child’s age, whether one or both eyelids are involved, the measurement of their eyelid height, the muscle strength of the eyelid, and the child’s eye movements.
		Ptosis in adults is caused by the separation of the elevator muscle tendon from the eyelid.
	www.regionaleye.com /anatomy_diseases/diseases_of_the_eye/eye_diseases/ptosis.shtml (567 words)

	Welcome to Punjabkesari.com Health & Fitness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Congenital Ptosis (inherited) is due to an abnormality in the development of the muscles that elevate the upper lid.
		Ptosis can also be caused by a malfunction of the nerves which control and activate the eyelid muscles or a problem with the nerve that sends messages to the muscle.
		Ptosis does not usually improve with time, and nearly always requires corrective surgery and if left untreated, can permanently damage vision by forcing the unaffected eye to do all the work while letting the affected eye degenerate.
	www.punjabkesari.com /health/ptosis.htm (769 words)

	Spokane Eye Clinic, PTOSIS
		Ptosis may be inherited, be present at birth, or occur later in life.
		When ptosis is severe enough to obstruct vision, it may result in a condition called amblyopia and treatment is usually beneficial.
		Any child with ptosis, whether they have surgery or not, should be examined on a yearly basis by an ophthalmologist for amblyopia, refractive errors, and other associated conditions.
	www.spokaneeye.com /Ptosis.asp (786 words)

	Drooping Eyelids Surgery Sydney Australia Eyelid Ptosis Surgeon Sydney
		If the ptosis is severe- fully or partially covering the pupil of the eye- it can lead to "amblyopia" (lazy eye) or strabismus (eyes that are not properly aligned or straight).
		The foremost symptom of ptosis is an eyelid that sags or droops.
		Ptosis surgery is usually completed under general anaesthesia in infants and young children and under local anaesthesia with sedation in adults.
	ophthalmologistsydney.com /ptosis.html (550 words)

	Meronk - Asian Eyes - Ptosis Surgery
		While ptosis occurs infrequently in patients of Asian and Occidental lineage, it is our experience that the condition tends to be present at a slightly higher incidence and at a younger age in the Asian population.
		If ptosis is bilateral (present on both eyes) and a patient also desires creation or enhancement of the upper eyelid crease, both operations (blepharoplasty and ptosis repair) may be performed simultaneously through the standard Asian double eyelid surgery skin incision.
		As ptosis is caused by a preexisting anatomic deficiency in the levator muscle complex, the outcome of ptosis repair is not nearly as predictable as with pure double eyelid surgery; a realistic goal is improvement rather than near-perfection.
	www.drmeronk.com /asian/asian-eyelid-ptosis.html (821 words)

	Eyelid Ptosis \| Ophthalmology \| Fletcher Allen Health Care
		Ptosis is a medical term for a droopy upper eyelid which can occur at birth or later in life.
		Although there is a definite improvement of appearance from correcting ptosis, the main reason for correcting the droopy eyelid is to improve vision in the upper field of gaze.
		The ptosis must be corrected by attaching tiny strands for the eyelid to the brow so that the person can use the brow muscle to open the eyelid.
	www.fahc.org /ophthalmology/depart_dtl_2_7465_19851.html (584 words)

	Engle Laboratory
		Ptosis (or blepharoptosis) is the most common anomaly of the eyelid and presents as an abnormal drooping of the upper eyelid with secondary narrowing of the vertical palpebral fissure of the eye.
		Hereditary isolated congenital ptosis is generally inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion with incomplete penetrance and is characterized by a variable degree of unilateral or bilateral drooping of the upper eyelids.
		Our proposed congenital ptosis pathology as shown above is an absence of the axons of the superior division of CN III that innervate the levator muscle, absence of the corresponding central caudal nucleus in the midbrain, and marked abnormalities of the levator muscle.
	www.childrenshospital.org /cfapps/research/data_admin/Site339/mainpageS339P18sublevel14.html (634 words)

	Medical Library Search
		When blepharoplasty is performed to correct visual impairment caused by drooping of the eyelids (ptosis); repair defects caused by trauma or tumor-ablative surgery (ectropian entropian corneal exposure); treat periorbital sequelae of thyroid disease and nerve palsy; or relieve the painful symptoms of blepharospasm, the procedure should be considered reconstructive.
		Ptosis is usually categorized either as "true ptosis," a lack of normal eyelid support or the presence of excess lid tissue.
		Hooding of the lateral upper eyelids may be aggravated by redundancy and ptosis of the skin of the lateral forehead and eyebrows.
	www.medem.com /search/article_display.cfm?path=n:&mstr=/ZZZCBBD2NAC.html&soc=ASPS&srch_typ=NAV_SERCH (1129 words)

	Congenital ptosis of the eyelids definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Congenital ptosis of the eyelids: Drooping of the upper eyelids at birth.
		Ptosis at birth is often caused by poor development of the levator muscle which lifts the eyelid.
		Children with ptosis may tip their heads back into a chin-up position to see underneath the eyelids or raise their eyebrows in an attempt to lift up the lids.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7247 (238 words)

	Ptosis - Evanston Northwestern Healthcare
		Ptosis is also called "drooping eyelid." It is caused by weakness of the muscle responsible for raising the eyelid, damage to the nerves which control those muscles, or laxity of the skin of the upper eyelids.
		Surgical correction can be done to improve the appearance of the eyelids in milder cases if the patient desires it, and may be necessary to correct interference with vision in more severe cases.
		In children with ptosis, surgical correction may be necessary to prevent amblyopia.
	www.enh.org /healthandwellness/encyclopedia/ency/article/001018.aspx (337 words)

	Droopy Eyelids (Ptosis) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Congenital ptosis, or ptosis that is present at birth, requires treatment for normal visual development.
		Except in mild cases, the treatment for childhood ptosis is usually surgery to tighten the levator muscle that lifts the eyelid.
		Ptosis in adults is commonly caused by separation of the levator muscle from the eyelid as a result of aging, previous eye surgery, an injury, or an eye tumor.
	www.bouldereyesurgeons.com /eyelids2.htm (262 words)

	Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Trust : Ptosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ptosis is the medical name for a drooping of the upper lid, which can be present in one or both eyes.
		Ptosis can either be present at birth, or acquired later in life.
		The operation depends on the cause of the ptosis, but usually involves shortening the muscles and tendons which raise the lid.
	www.moorfields.org.uk /EyeHealth/Otherconditions/Ptosis (366 words)

	WebHealthCentre.com - Eye Care - Ptosis
		Ptosis is the term used for drooping of the upper eyelids.
		Ptosis may involve one or both the eyes and ranges from mild to severe.
		Levator surgery is done in cases of mild or moderate ptosis and sling surgery is done in cases of severe ptosis.
	www.webhealthcentre.com /general/eye_care_ptosis.asp (501 words)

	Ophthalmology Ltd: Ptosis
		Ptosis is the medical term for a noticeable droopiness of the upper lid.
		Ptosis affects both eyes, but often one eye appears worse than the other.
		CONGENITAL- Noticed at birth or shortly thereafter, congenital ptosis is produced by a developmental abnormality in the muscles that elevate the upper lid.
	www.ophthalmologyltd.com /CommonEyeDisorders/Ptosis.cfm (274 words)

	Eyelid Ptosis (drooping upper eyelid) Plastic Surgery
		Ptosis of the eyelid (drooping of the upper eyelid)
		Ptosis of the eyelid means that it droops too low and cannot get out of the way enough for the eye to see.
		Ptosis of the eyelid (dropping of the upper eyelid).
	www.plasticsurgery4u.com /procedure_folder/eyelid_recon_folder/eyelid_ptosis.html (729 words)

	ASOPRS Congenital Ptosis - upper eyelid drooping present since birth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The ptosis may be mild - in which the lid partially covers the pupil; or severe - in which the lid completely covers the pupil.
		Congenital ptosis is most often treated by ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgeons who specialize in disease and conditions affecting the eyelids, lacrimal (tear) system, the orbit (bone cavity around the eye), and adjacent facial structures.
		Below are some pictures of a young child who developed a lazy eye from ptosis and had surgery to repair the drooping left upper eyelid.
	www.asoprs.org /congenital.htm (340 words)

	PTOSIS IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS
		Ptosis is a drooping of the upper eyelid.
		Children with ptosis often tip their heads back into a chin-up position to see underneath their eyelids, or they may raise their eyebrows in an attempt to lift up the lids.
		Ptosis in both children and adults can be treated with surgery to improve vision as well as cosmetic appearance.
	www.liddoc.com /r_ptosis01.html (686 words)

	Ptosis
		Ptosis is a malposition of the upper eyelid
		Congenital ptosis is present from birth, and often is associated with poor lid function and an absent eyelid crease.
		Acquired ptosis is most often caused by a stretching of the levator muscle in the eyelid.
	www.eyelid-doc.com /ptosis.html (523 words)

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