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Topic: Public ownership

Related Topics

Government ownership

Privatization

Public corporation

Water privatization

Renationalisation

Natural monopoly

Labour power

Social economy

Railway Act, 1993

Capitalism

Privatisation of British Rail

Criticisms of socialism

List of privatizations

Market economy

Socialist

	Ownership - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ownership is the state or fact of exclusive possession or control of property, which may be an object, land/real estate, intellectual property or some other kind of property.
		Ownership is the basis for many other concepts that form the foundations of ancient and modern societies such as money, trade, debt, bankruptcy, the criminality of theft and private vs. public property.
		The basic public policy rationale for the protection of intellectual property is that IP laws facilitate and encourage disclosure of innovation into the public domain for the common good, by granting authors and inventors exclusive rights to exploit their works and invention for a limited period.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ownership (2335 words)

	Public ownership - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Public ownership (also called government ownership or state ownership) is government ownership of any asset, industry, or corporation at any level, national, regional or local (municipal).
		Public ownership can protect consumer interests in sectors where competition is low, where choices are important but made infrequently, and/or where consumers do not have the expertise to make good decisions (such as in health care).
		Public ownership of profitable services may lead to "gold-plating" (over-investment in assets) if decisions are driven by engineering ideals and not efficiency concerns.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Public_ownership (967 words)

	Public Ownership and Common Ownership by Anton Pannekoek
		Common ownership is the right of disposal by the workers themselves; the working class itself — taken in the widest sense of all that partake in really productive work, including employees, farmers, scientists — is direct master of the production apparatus, managing, directing, and regulating the process of production which is, indeed, their common work.
		Under public ownership the workers are not masters of their work; they may be better treated and their wages may be higher than under private ownership; but they are still exploited.
		Public ownership is the program of “friends” of the workers who for the hard exploitation of private capitalism wish to substitute a milder modernized exploitation.
	www.marxists.org /archive/pannekoe/1947/public-ownership.htm (1188 words)

	public ownership on Encyclopedia.com
		Public ownership was practiced most extensively in the USSR and other Communist countries, where government owned almost all land and all natural resources, and where nearly all industries were carried on by state institutions.
		Public ownership is to be distinguished from government control of private enterprises in utilities, business, and agriculture.
		From private to public ownership of gas undertakings in England and Wales, 1851-1947: chronology, incidence and causes.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/p1/publicow.asp (1125 words)

	River History: Your river rights, for river navigability, river access, river conservation, canoeing, kayaking, ...
		The use of the banks also is as public as the rivers.” Spanish law at the time also reflected the law of earlier civilizations, holding that “every man has a right to use the rivers for commerce and fisheries,” on both navigable and non-navigable rivers, including the river banks.
		Various state courts have upheld public access to running waters, calling it an “easement,” and saying, for example, “The capability of use of the waters for recreational purposes determines their availability for recreational use by the public.
		First, the public has the right to use all running waters, (even streams that are not physically navigable,) for activities such as fishing, (subject to state regulations to conserve fisheries,) and to walk along the banks as necessary to use these waters, in the manner that is least intrusive to private land.
	www.adventuresports.com /river/nors/us-law-public.htm (3883 words)

	Private or Public?: Finding the Optimum Balance Between Private and Public Ownership or Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Public servants should at last remember that they serve to the public at large and each citizen of the country in particular, not to an abstract State.
		The basic cause of inefficiency of the public sector is that it is not run as a corporation maximizing the value for its shareholders -- citizens of the country but rather as an amorphous, poorly structured and poorly motivated conglomerate consisting of largely independent parts.
		Public economic governance need not be always worse than corporate governance, introducing corporate mentality, meritocracy culture, value creation culture, family spirit, and simultaneously enhancing the cult of public service in the literary sense rather than as an abstract concept.
	sangha.net /papers/PUBLIC.html (4415 words)

	Greens Policies > Public Ownership (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Public ownership historically has proved to be the only way to ensure that essential services are provided to all citizens in an equitable way, by allowing the basis of their provision to be social need rather than maximizing private profits.
		The public sector is a vital component of the economy, essential for achieving the goals of social equality, ecological sustainability and economic development.
		Public sector employment levels are almost always reduced as a result of privatisation and in many cases there is not a corresponding increase in private sector employment.
	www.nsw.greens.org.au /policies/PublicOwnership.php (3066 words)

	Public Land Exchange Policy - Conservation Policies - Sierra Club
		Public land provides open space, clean water, important habitat for native plants and animals, wilderness, wild rivers, a last stronghold for many endangered ecosystems, and opportunities for outdoor recreation.
		Public land should be retained in public ownership and only traded in circumstances that meet the highest environmental standards.
		Land traded out of public ownership generally should be of lesser biological and ecological value, unless higher value land is traded to a party dedicated to its conservation, that party's management of the land would afford more protection than is currently provided under public management, and the public interest is protected.
	www.sierraclub.org /policy/conservation/landexchange.asp (885 words)

	Session 4a
		The predominance of the public sector in the supply of water was not always the case, however.
		But while other public utilities remained overwhelmingly private, construction of new public works combined with conversions of private water works to municipal control had tilted the balance to public ownership by the turn of the century.
		Specifically, the paper traces the greater public ownership of water works to a set of factors that exacerbate appropriation and contracting hazards for water relative to other public utility services.
	www.eh.net /EHA/Meetings/Archives/EHA2002/session4a02.html (483 words)

	Introduction
		Calls for acquisition of more public land are sometimes matched by concerns over reductions in municipal tax base, loss of working forests, inadequate public funding, and the inability of the public sector to effectively manage more land with less staff and less resources.
		Public forest lands are managed to provide sustainable ecosystems, protect unique and fragile areas, showcase sound forest management, and provide recreational opportunities for all citizens to enjoy.
		Guiding principles in public ownership are to protect, maintain, and enhance the state's ecological resources and biological diversity; protect and provide access to public waters and shore lands; provide outdoor recreation opportunities; provide areas for resource-related research, education, and demonstration sites; and demonstrate sustainable forest management while providing raw materials for the wood products industry.
	www.vtfpr.org /forplan/intro.htm (2055 words)

	River Ownership
		Public Ownership of the Rivers in WV by Abby Chapple
		The Public Land Corporation is a unit of the Division of Natural Resources and is vested by statute.
		Public use of the land is not part of an “easement,” rather it’s a case of actual public ownership of the land.
	www.cacaponriver.org /articles/ownership.html (968 words)

	Public Access Altases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Many areas, previously open to general public use, are now included in a federal conservation unit, state legislatively designated unit, or have been conveyed to a Native corporation or other private party.
		Public use of these areas may now be restricted or no longer available.
		Except as provided for by a public access easement, private land is not open to public use without prior permission from the landowner.
	www.dnr.state.ak.us /mlw/planning/easmtatlas (834 words)

	Community and Public Ownership (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		About £500 million were invested in the company under public ownership by the community, as well as many hundreds of millions of pounds by way of research and development aid for new engine projects.
		To the general public which was paying these enormous sums to keep the company going and who surely had the right to know how their investments were being applied and how the company was performing as a result.
		Community ownership and nationalisation are essential ingredients of economic policy and must not be abused for the sake of private profit.
	www.solbaram.org /articles/clm506.html (3558 words)

	Public Policy Review
		Ownership of many water systems in the state has long been in private hands, especially in unincorporated areas.
		On the other hand, public ownership of water systems is occurring more often in cities and towns.
		Recently, I realized use of the term public company could be misconstrued to mean a publicly traded company, such as the large private companies operating water systems in Arizona and elsewhere in the United States.
	ag.arizona.edu /AZWATER/awr/janfeb04/policy.html (979 words)

	A Plea for Public
		To most people, "public property" means "government property," on the (dubious) theory that governments hold their property in trust for the public, and administer such property with an eye to the public interest.
		One common libertarian objection to public property—and particularly, public ownership of land—is that the whole idea makes no sense: a resource cannot be collectively owned unless every part of the resource admits of simultaneous use by all members of the collective.
		For example, public parks might be patrolled by a consortium of insurance companies, if a substantial number of their customers enjoy visiting public parks.
	www.libertariannation.org /a/f53l1.html (4054 words)

	Assessment and Key Indicators II
		The financial realities of ownership were obvious as nearly 30 percent of the respondents said one of the primary reasons for the harvest was to generate revenue to pay for the parcel's property taxes.
		Guiding principles in public ownership are to monitor and protect the land, maintain and enhance the state's ecological resources and biodiversity, provide areas for resource-related research, demonstrate sustainable forest management while providing raw materials for the wood products industry, protect historic and cultural sites, and provide compatible recreation opportunities.
		Public land or land with conservation easements include Agency of Natural Resources lands, USDA Forest Service lands, municipal lands, Army Corps of Engineers lands, National Park Service lands, and lands owned or having conservation restrictions by conservation groups such as The Nature Conservancy and Vermont Land Trust.
	www.vtfpr.org /forplan/assessment2.htm (1464 words)

	cityofsound: Princess Diana and the public ownership of design processes
		When engaged on a project with public ownership the stakes are so so high, and the impact of a bad design isn't just reduced take-up or decreasing sales figures, but of being publicly, visibly drenched in vitriol.
		As a designer working largely within the public realm, I'm all for engaging with the idea of public ownership, featuring true accountability and transparency, and really pursuing what that could mean, across multiple arenas.
		Sadly, there are times when that same public ownership, when wrenched into the limelight by a media's tendency towards soundbite, can make a mockery of discourse around design and architecture.
	www.cityofsound.com /blog/2004/07/princess_diana_.html (2704 words)

	[No title]
		There is only one narrow exception to this rule-because there are no private property rights in the water itself, the public is allowed to swim in the intertidal zone provided the swimmer does not touch the private land underneath or use it to enter or leave the water.
		To help keep the peace, the visiting public should be careful not to trespass or otherwise infringe on the privacy of shorefront property owners, and should minimize their impact on the environment.
		In addition, public rights also exist in filled tidelands, which are protected by a state law commonly known as "Chapter 91." Information about Chapter 91 (Waterways regulations) is available through the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) at http://www.mass.gov/dep/brp/waterway/about.htm.
	www.mass.gov /czm/shorelinepublicaccess.htm (895 words)

	BBC - GCSE Bitesize - Business \| Business aims and organisation \| Public ownership
		The main argument for public ownership is that the whole population benefits rather than just those who can afford to pay privately.
		This cost is called the Public Sector Borrowing Requirement and is funded by taxation, either directly through income tax or indirectly through National Insurance.
		More public services mean a higher tax bill for everybody, including those who may not benefit from them.
	www.bbc.co.uk /schools/gcsebitesize/business/aims/publicsectorrev2.shtml (320 words)

	Journalism.org - Reports & Surveys - Does Ownership Matter in Local Television News? - Public Versus Private ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Another issue embedded in the FCC debate, and even discussed among executives of some publicly owned companies, is whether private ownership allows for a greater chance of serving the public interest.
		The argument here, to oversimplify, is that being freed of the pressures of quarterly profit reports, focus on one's stock price, and meeting industry based measures of profitability and efficiency, would allow companies to better focus on the long-term and on quality.
		In general, we think these differences are too small to conclusively support the argument that private ownership better serves the public interest than does public ownership.
	www.journalism.org /resources/research/reports/ownership/public.asp (454 words)

	Beachfront Properties Under Public Ownership (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		As the population of the state increases and more people look to the coast as an area to build their homes, the beachfront footage available to the public decreases in size and the number of public areas decreases.
		One of the best ways to protect public use of the coast is to hold beachfront properties under public ownership.
		If an area is publicly owned, it may be opened for public use and prov ide access to the coast and its resources for the general public.
	www.pepps.fsu.edu /FACT/sec_G/public.html (509 words)

	SSRN-What Determines the Extent of Public Ownership? by Hadi Esfahani, Ali Toossi Ardakani
		There is a great deal of variation in the extent of state ownership of enterprises across countries and despite the growing consensus over the benefits of privatization many countries continue to maintain large public sectors.
		The other points to public enterprises as a substitute for private ones that are driven out when the risk of opportunistic changes in regulatory and tax policies is high.
		We also find that a higher opportunity cost of public funds tends to reduce the extent of state ownership except when commitment capability and pressure for employment control are low.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=306899 (395 words)

	Greenspan Concern Over Public Ownership or Private Assets - 2/26/01
		In Denmark, for example, the ATP fund is a public pension fund whose assets amount to 25 percent of GDP.
		This, too, could be ruled out; the board could either be denied authority to vote the shares of companies the trust funds hold or be required to vote its shares in proportion to other shareholders' votes, which would effectively eliminate the effect of the board's votes.
		Public investment of pension funds in private assets has been successfully accomplished by state and local governments and some foreign governments.
	www.cbpp.org /2-26-01tax3.htm (3599 words)

	For Public Ownership
		It is important to make it clear to them that as their plants and facilities are converted to public ownership, no worker will be dispossessed, and if they are, they will be compensated for life.
		We should be demanding uninterruptable utilities—whether it's water or electricity—with public ownership, which has been successful throughout our history—from the TVA to Bonneville.
		When you join the Labor Party, you send a message that you support the programs and proposals we are trying to reintroduce back into public consciousness, such as the view that working people are best served by public ownership.
	www.kclabor.org /for_public_ownership.htm (658 words)

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