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Topic: Pulmonary circulation

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pulmonary hypertension

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Pulmonary circulation

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primary pulmonary hypertension

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pulmonary stenosis

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	Pulmonary circulation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pulmonary circulation is the portion of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygen-depleted blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood back to the heart.
		Oxygen-depleted blood from the body leaves the right heart through the pulmonary arteries, which carry it to the lungs, where red blood cells release carbon dioxide and pick up oxygen during respiration.
		The oxygenated blood then leaves the lungs through the pulmonary veins, which return it to the left heart, completing the pulmonary cycle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pulmonary_circulation (177 words)

	Mid Carolina Internal Medicine Associates - Pulmonary & Systemic Circulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Pulmonary tissues themselves are supplied partially by the relatively deoxygenated pulmonary arteries and partially by the systemic bronchial arteries.
		There is very little blood flow through the pulmonary circulation before birth but after the first breath, the pulmonary vascular resistance falls rapidly allowing blood that previously passed through the patent ductus arteriosis and foramen ovale to pass through the lungs to pick up oxygen and lose carbon dioxide.
		Pressures are lower in the pulmonary circulation because the pulmonary vascular resistance is lower.
	www.midcarolina.org /papers/pul.sys.circ.html (1856 words)

	Pulmonary Circulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Pulmonary circulation is the movement of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again.
		The fresh, oxygen-rich blood enters the pulmonary veins and then returns to the heart, re-entering through the left atrium.
		The two sounds you hear, "lub" and "dub," are the ventricles contracting and the valves closing.
	sln.fi.edu /biosci/systems/pulmonary.html (236 words)

	Chapter 8: Pulmonary Circulation
		Pulmonary hypertension can occur from several physiologic causes and disease processes (Table 82); the hypertension may be transient, as in reversible conditions such as an asthma attack, or chronic, as in emphysema.
		Pulmonary emboli are clots that usually arise in the deep veins of the thigh and pelvis, break off, and travel to lodge in one or more of the pulmonary arteries.
		Pulmonary embolism is a relatively common clinical condition and should always be considered as a cause of otherwise unexplained pulmonary hypertension.
	www.lakesidepress.com /pulmonary/books/physiology/chap8_1.htm (2041 words)

	THE DISCOVERY OF THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION REVISITED:15(2)
		The discovery of the pulmonary circulation is an interesting and debated subject.
		It is commonly believed that the discovery of the pulmonary circulation had its inception in Europe in the sixteenth century by Servetus, Vesalius, Colombo, then Harvey.
		The blood from the right chamber must flow through the vena arteriosa (pulmonary artery) to the lungs, spread through its substances, be mingled there with air, pass through the arteria venosa (pulmonary vein) to reach the left chamber of the heart and there form the vital spirit...".
	www.kfshrc.edu.sa /annals/152/mh9422ar.html (792 words)

	The WorldWide Intensivist - Pulmonary Circulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The normal pulmonary circulation is a low-resistance, high flow system which is able to accommodate passage of the cardiac output (CO) at a typical pressure of 20/12mmHg.
		In a discussion of pulmonary hypertensive states, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) may be used as to describe the degree of obstruction to pulmonary blood flow.
		This suggests that the dose-response curve for pulmonary artery pressure may not be the same as that for oxygenation, and that the beneficial effect of NO on pulmonary perfusion is due to a redistribution effect, rather than pure enhancement of flow.
	www.anaesthetist.com /icu/organs/lung/pulmvas.htm (5962 words)

	PERSISTENT PULMONARY HYPERTENSION OF THE NEWBORN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is a cardiopulmonary disorder characterized by systemic arterial hypoxemia secondary to elevated pulmonary vascular resistance with resultant shunting of pulmonary blood flow to the systemic circulation.
		Steinhorn RH, Millard SL, Morin FC: 1995 Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.
		Ziegler JW, Ivy DD, Kinsella JP, Abman SH: 1995 The role of nitric oxide, endothelin, and prostaglandins in the transition of the pulmonary circulation.
	neonatal.peds.washington.edu /NICU-WEB/pphn.stm (3559 words)

	Pulmonary Embolism, Circulation Problems and Skin Disorders
		Circulation problems caused by a pulmonary embolism can result in sudden death if the embolism blocks a large enough portion of the blood flow to the lungs.
		Although these tiny clots are too small to cause a life-threatening pulmonary embolism, they nevertheless cause circulation problems in the lungs.
		These circulation problems are usually localized, and develop where the blood clot forms.
	www.deep-vein-thrombosis-symptoms.com /html/dvt-complications.php3 (444 words)

	Pulmonary Hypertension - Lungs: pulmonary and respiratory health and medical information produced by doctors
		The portion of the circulation that distributes the blood from the left side of the heart, throughout the body, is referred to as the systemic circulation.
		The portion of the circulation that distributes the blood from the right side of the heart, to the lungs, is referred to as the pulmonary (lung) circulation.
		Pulmonary hypertension can be caused by diseases of the heart and the lungs, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or emphysema, failure of the left heart ventricle, recurrent pulmonary embolism (blood clots traveling from the legs or pelvic veins obstructing the pulmonary arteries), or underlying diseases such as scleroderma.
	www.medicinenet.com /pulmonary_hypertension/article.htm (648 words)

	pulmonary circulation -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		On the evolutionary cycle, pulmonary circulation first occurs in lungfishes and amphibians, the first animals to acquire a three-chambered heart.
		Blood is pumped from the left ventricle of the heart through the aorta and arterial branches to the arterioles and through capillaries, where it reaches an equilibrium with the tissue fluid,...
		E-text of this agreement, facilitating the circulation of electronic data of an educational and scientific character, adopted by the UNESCO in December 1948.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9061880 (876 words)

	THE PULMONARY VERSUS SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION PAGE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The systemic circulation must also redirect blood according to the needs of the body using smooth muscle; in order to accomplish this task, the systemic circulation must be capable of generating significant resistance with smooth muscle.
		The pulmonary circulation, on the other hand, only needs to get blood from the top to the bottom of the lungs which are perfused by constant low pressure; there is very little redirection of blood within the pulmonary circulation, other than from locally hypoxic pockets in the lung!
		Cattle have well-developed smooth muscle in the pulmonary circulation and it is highly reactive to altitude.
	faculty.etsu.edu /currie/pulmcirc.htm (1214 words)

	The Pulmonary Circulation . Snapshots of Progress -- REEVES and RUBIN 157 (4): 101 -- American Journal of Respiratory ...
		The role of eicosanoids and endothelium-dependent factors in regulation of the fetal pulmonary circulation.
		Physiological and therapeutic roles of nitric oxide in the transitional pulmonary circulation.
		Histopathology of pulmonary hypertension: a qualitative and quantitative study of pulmonary blood vessels from 58 patients in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Primary Pulmonary Hypertension Registry.
	ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/full/157/4/S101 (4918 words)

	Chapter 8: Pulmonary Circulation (Page 5)
		Pulmonary hypertension, a common physiologic problem, can be found in many different diseases, including virtually all chronic heart and lung conditions.
		The pulmonary artery wedge pressure is used to calculate pulmonary vascular resistance.
		In primary pulmonary hypertension, the pulmonary artery diastolic pressure is higher than the pulmonary artery wedge pressure.
	www.lakesidepress.com /pulmonary/books/physiology/chap8_5.htm (814 words)

	NO in the pulmonary circulation
		Because the normal pulmonary vascular tone is very low, there were speculations (and some experimental support for them) that pulmonary hypertension is caused by reduction of the basal pulmonary NO synthesis, which was thought to be high in health.
		Acute inhibition of NO synthesis causes pulmonary vasoconstriction only in chronically hypoxic rats (confirming they did synthesize the vasodilator NO), but not in control, normoxic rats (confirming there was no basal NO synthesis to inhibit) (Figure 2).
		Pulmonary vasoreactivity to substance P, which acts through NO release, is not reduced in chronic hypoxia (Figure 3).
	physiology.lf2.cuni.cz /hampl/vhnopht.htm (1141 words)

	[No title]
		PULMONARY CIRCULATION (Study Questions) Name at least 3 important functions of the pulmonary circulation besides gas exchange.
		Assume a normal value for pulmonary artery pressure a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 5 mmHg, and a cardiac output of 5 L/min.
		A portion of lung has a pulmonary artery pressure of 10 mmHg, an alveolar pressure of 5 mmHg and a pulmonary venous pressure of 0 mmHg.
	www.ursa.kcom.edu /Department/LectureNotes/Summer/PulmCirculation.doc (725 words)

	Pulmonary circulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Reduction of pulmonary artery pressure in COPD by prolonged oxygen treatment has been shown to be associated with increased survival.
		Doppler echocardiography was used to estimate pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output before treatment and after 2, 7, and 12 weeks felodipine treatment (10 to 20 mg/d), and after a 1-week placebo washout period.
		There is considerable evidence for endothelial cell dysfunction in pulmonary hypertensive states pointing to injury of the pulmonary vascular endothelium as the initiating event in the development of pulmonary hypertension.
	www.icin.knaw.nl /keypub/pulmonarycir.html (1122 words)

	circulatory system: Pulmonary Circulation
		The pulmonary circulation carries the blood to and from the lungs.
		In pulmonary circulation, the arteries carry oxygen-poor blood, and the veins bear oxygen-rich blood.
		Cardiogenic pulmonary edema and its absence in cardiac tamponade and construction: a role for atrial natriuretic factor?
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/sci/A0857354.html (245 words)

	Pulmonary Circulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		A model of blood flow from the right ventricle through the pulmonary arterial network, through the capillary plexus and back to the left atrium of the heart through the pulmonary venous tree is being created.
		The main pulmonary trunk emerges from the right ventricle of the heart and carries deoxygenated blood through the branching system of arterial vessels.
		The pulmonary trunk branches into the left and right main pulmonary arteries.
	www.bioeng.auckland.ac.nz /projects/lung/pulmonary_circulation.php (360 words)

	PULMONARY CIRCULATION
		Pulmonary circulation is well illustrated with 132 figures, 43 tables and learning points highlighted at the end of each chapter.
		All the important features of the pulmonary circulation are reviewed — genetics, cell biology, vascular remodelling, anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary oedema, etc.
		Readership: Clinical and non-clinical students, research workers, specialists in pulmonary and respiratory medicine, cardiology, intensive and critical care medicine.
	www.worldscibooks.com /medsci/p227.html (95 words)

	pulmonary circulation (anatomy) - General Practice Notebook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The pulmonary circulation encompasses the circuit by which:
		unoxygenated blood is passed to the lungs in the pulmonary arteries
		The pulmonary circulation must be contrasted with the bronchial circulation.
	www.gpnotebook.co.uk /cache/13631548.htm (138 words)

	Circulatory System
		The pumping of the heart forces the blood on its journey.
		The body's circulatory system really has three distinct parts: pulmonary circulation, coronary circulation, and systemic circulation.
		Or, the lungs (pulmonary), the heart (coronary), and the rest of the system (systemic).
	sln2.fi.edu /biosci/systems/circulation.html (94 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		The various methods proposed for measuring the pulmonary circulation time are discussed, and it is concluded, in agreement wnth other workers, that a system formed by a series of tubes of different lengths in which no admixture takes place, i.e.
		Such a model, however, does not exclude the possibility that the pulmonary blood flow is a laminar flow through a system of tubes, which requires the same time in each tube, and in which the distribution of the tracer at its exit from the right ventricle is maintained throughout.
		This is in agreement with the still widespread opinion that the blood flow through the lungs requires approximately the same time in each vessel.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=4791669 (238 words)

	Circulation Research -- Subspecialty Collections : Pulmonary circulation and disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Serotonin Increases Susceptibility to Pulmonary Hypertension in BMPR2-Deficient Mice
		Implications for Loss-of-Function Mutations in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Hypertension
		Increased Fibulin-5 and Elastin in S100A4/Mts1 Mice With Pulmonary Hypertension
	circres.ahajournals.org /cgi/collection/pulmonary_circulation_disease (486 words)

	Interactions of Blood and the Pulmonary Circulation (American Heart Association Monograph Series.) New, Used Books, ...
		Explains the interaction with the endothelium of sickle cells, platelets, leukocytes, and the clotting cases in the genesis of lung injury and hypertension.
		Pulmonary Circulation in Health and Disease (By James A. Will (Editor))
		Pulmonary Circulation and Acute Lung Injury (By Sami I. Said (Editor))
	www.bookfinder4u.com /detail/0879937017.html (305 words)

	RESPIRATION: Pulmonary Circulation Questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		E. None of the above because pulmonary vascular resistance is constant
		C. decrease volume of blood in the pulmonary circulation (as in hemorrhage)
		E. increase pulmonary capillary permeability to plasma proteins (as in pulmonary inflammation)
	www.acbrown.com /lung/PrctQstn/RsCrclQstn.htm (146 words)

	RESPIRATION: Pulmonary Circulation Questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		None of the above because pulmonary vascular resistance is constant
		decrease volume of blood in the pulmonary circulation (as in hemorrhage)
		increase pulmonary capillary permeability to plasma proteins (as in pulmonary inflammation)
	www.acbrown.com /lung/Qstn/RsQstnCrcl.htm (133 words)

	Fetal and Neonatal Pulmonary Circulation - Compare Shop Books
		5 Contribution of the Adventitial Fibroblast to Pulmonary Vascular Disease 67
		15 Physiologic Roles of Nitric Oxide in the Perinatal Pulmonary Circulation 239
		22 The Pulmonary Vasculature in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia 355
	www.compareshopbooks.com /0879934395.htm (333 words)

	Circulation -- Subspecialty Collections : Pulmonary circulation and disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Circulation -- Subspecialty Collections : Pulmonary circulation and disease
		Circulation 2005; 112: 3602-3607, doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.549220 [Abstract] [Full text]
		Circulation 2005; 112: 2778-2785, doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.509869 [Abstract] [Full text]
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/collection/pulmonary_circulation_disease (370 words)

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