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Topic: Pulque

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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Pulque (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Pulque, or octili, is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermented juice of the maguey, and is a traditional native beverage of Mesoamerica.
		Pulque is depicted in Native American stone carvings from as early as 200 AD.
		Pulque is the natural juice of the maguey plant, whereas mezcal is the clear spirit made out of the heart of the plant itself.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pulque (689 words)

	Pulque - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pulque, or octili, is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermented juice of the maguey, and is a traditional native beverage of Mesoamerica.
		Pulque is depicted in Native American stone carvings from as early as 200 AD.
		Pulque is the natural juice of the maguey plant, whereas mezcal is the clear spirit made out of the heart of the plant itself.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pulque (372 words)

	Popularte - Agave and Other Joys - Pulque
		Pulque is also known as follows: Meti in Nahua, tacamba in Purepecha and guada in Otomi languages.
		There is a huge variety of pulques and its elaboration varies according to the cultural tradition of the place where it is drank.
		White pulque is the base, seeds, vegetable, fruit, cereals and brown sugar are added to it.
	www.uv.mx /popularte/ingles/scriptphplen.php?&sid=256&len=In (256 words)

	PULQUE - LoveToKnow Article on PULQUE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It is prepared by fermenting the juice of a number of species of the agave (agava potatorum, americana, andc.).
		The cultivation of the agave for purposes of pulque manufacture constitutes a considerable local industry, the capital invested running into several millions sterling.
		A small quantity of this is added to fresh aguamiel, and thereby a rapid fermentation is induced, the pulque being ready for consumption within a day or two.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PU/PULQUE.htm (160 words)

	PRINT Pan-American Adventure: Tepotzotlan, Mexico<
		Pulque is a thick, white-colored drink of 3-4% alcohol made by a brief fermentation of the sap of the maguey plant, an Agave species.
		Pulque has been considered a poor person’s drink, and many a campesino has substantially bolstered his diet of tortillas and beans with the drink.
		Pulque must be drunk within a day after its 36-48 hour fermentation, or refrigerated, and is famous for its awful smell when allowed to putrify.
	www.newfarm.org /international/pan-am_don/sept04/pulque_print.shtml (1477 words)

	Welcome To the TequilaMezcal.Com Web Site! - Information on Tequila, Mezcal and Pilque (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The pulque gods wore a half moon made of bone in their nose and their faces were painted fl and red representing the light and dark side of the lunarscape and reflected their status as lunar beings.
		Pulque was used by the royalty and priesthood to celebrate great victories and on special days of religious celebration and many references to the use of pulque in pre-Hispanic celebrations have been found in hieroglyphic references.
		In the central highlands, pulque was served as a ritual intoxicant presumably to increase the priest's enthusiasm over the imminent sacrifice and to ease the sacrifants impending demise.
	www.tequilamescal.com /pulque.htm (2554 words)

	Mezcals Del Maguey Mezcal: Pulque
		Pulque is a milky, slightly foamy and somewhat viscous beverage made by fermenting (not distilling) the fresh sap of certain types of Maguey.
		Pulque was also served as a liquor reserved to celebrate the feats of the brave and the wise, and was even considered to be an acceptable substitute for blood in some propitiatory ceremonies.
		Pulque is frequently the potion of choice used by women during menstruation and lactation.
	www.mezcal.com /pulque.html (652 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Pulque, or octli, is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermented juice of the maguey, and is a traditional native beverage of Mesoamerica.
		Pulque is usually sold directly in bulk from the tinacal, or by the serving in a version of a cantina known as a pulqueria.
		Traditionally in pulquerias, pulque is served in a glass known as a tornillo (screw, for its shape) or a bowl known as a jicara.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=pulque (690 words)

	Just One And I Have To Go. The Joys of Pulque BY JUSTIN DASH, IN ACCESS MEXICO CONNECT MAGAZINE
		Once allowed only to Aztec nobles and priests, pulque is produced by cutting out the center of a Maguey cactus and collecting the liquid which rises from it.
		Johnny tells me that pulque is used in many recipes here in central Mexico and that his Mexican wife Estela considers it part of the culinary experience of the country.
		Yes we even used pulque, that “elixir of the gods.” And feeling a little godlike ourselves, we ate the forbidden amaranth (banned by the Spanish as food of the devil) while visions of the inquisition filled the kitchen....
	www.mexconnect.com /mex_/travel/jdash/jdashpulque.html (1147 words)

	Aztecan and Southwestern Agave
		Pulque is a fermented alcoholic drink made from a few species of the maguey, also known as the century plant.
		Pulque doesn't preserve well; so although it is still made today, little if any is exported.
		Pulque is considered an aphrodesiac, and an instrument to aid both virility and fertility.
	www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Article/751501 (779 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Mexico -- Mexico's 'nectar of the gods' dies a slow death
		According to Aztec myth, Mayahuel invented pulque and introduced the elixir to other gods, including 400 rabbit gods whose drunkenness was so legendary that a pulque high was counted in rabbit units in the language of the time.
		Pulque was only drunk by Aztec elite and if commoners were caught drinking it they were given a severe public beating.
		But after the Spanish conquest, controls lapsed and pulque, which is made from the same family of plants as tequila and mezcal, became the drink of the masses.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/mexico/20050131-0500-mexico-pulque.html (825 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Americas \| Mexico's ancient drink under threat
		The popularity of the pre-Hispanic alcoholic drink, pulque, is fading in favour of more conventional beverages such as beer and rum.
		Pulque is the sap of the maguey cactus, which grows in dry desert plains.
		But pulque is sold too cheaply - it doesn't earn you enough to pay for schooling for the children.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/americas/4114553.stm (457 words)

	Tequila: In Search of the Blue Agave. Part 5 of 14: Pulque and other regional Mexican drinks. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Pulque glasses were named according to their size: flowerpot (maceta) for the largest - one liter.
		Pulque was the peon's drink, and often used to keep the overworked farm labourers content through drunkenness.
		In Guerrero chiocle is pulque mixed with ancho chiles, epazote, salt and garlic; in San Luis Potosi is is mixed with opuntia.
	www.ianchadwick.com /tequila/pulque.html (2387 words)

	MexicoFile.com
		Long before tequila became the national drink of Mexico pulque was the fermentation of choice.
		The Aztecs were certainly pulque drinkers and it probably predates them by hundreds of years.
		The stigma of pulque being of "lower class" has started to hurt its popularity and even the prospects of its fiture.
	www.mexicofile.com /pulque.htm (557 words)

	Natural History: Flopsy, Mopsy and Tipsy - interpretation of the rabbit symbol in Aztec iconography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Pulque was fermented from the sweet inner sap of the maguey, or century plant, and was made more potent through the addition of a root from a type of Acacia ("the diabolical root," missionary priests called it).
		She also stands beside a night sky where the moon is depicted as a huge, nose-ring-shaped pulque pot filled with a rabbit, providing another example of this complex of interlocking fertility symbols.
		Because of pulque's deep ritual significance, it is perhaps understandable that the indiscriminate use of the intoxicant in everyday life was considered profane.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1134/is_n3_v106/ai_19441238 (1152 words)

	Mezcal: Beyond the Worm by Granville Greene \| Travel Reviews from Travel Intelligence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The diva del maguey was the goddess Mayahuel, who is usually pictured in ancient codices alongside a frothy pot of pulque, with pulque dripping from her 400 breasts.
		Casual pulque drinking was forbidden, and the penalty for drunkenness was death.
		Ironically, modern Zapotecs have replaced pulque with mezcal as their ceremonial drink of choice, and in a throwback to the strict traditions once surrounding pulque, mezcal-drinking is frowned upon except at fiestas, important celebrations, or when taken as a daily "medicina" by Zapotec grandmas.
	www.travelintelligence.net /wsd/articles/art_2368.html (2539 words)

	Nutrition Reviews: Karat, Pulque, and Gac: Three Shining Stars in the Traditional Food Galaxy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Karat banana, pulque prepared from Agave species, and gac fruit are three traditional local food items recently studied intensively for their nutrition potential among traditional and indigenous peoples, and are examples of how local food-based strategies can be used to ensure micronutrient nutrition.
		Pulque is a mildly alcoholic beverage derived from fermenting the sap of the maguey plant (several species of Agave).
		Pulque consumption was also associated with a reduced risk for low ferritin and hemoglobin values in these women.20 In these subjects, pulque was the primary source of ascorbate, and the third most important source of non-heme iron after the phytate-rich sources of maize tortillas and beans.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3624/is_200411/ai_n9471659 (1079 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Pulque Intake During Pregnancy and Lactation in Rural Mexico: Alcohol and Child Growth from ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Pulque intake was measured as part of a dietary assessment that was conducted for 2days/month during pregnancy and early lactation.
		Among pulque drinkers, the average ethanol intake was 125.1g/week during pregnancy and 113.8%g/week during lactation.
		Greater pulque intake during lactation, independent of intake during pregnancy, was associated with slower weight and linear growth from 1 to 57 months, and smaller size at 57 months.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=170242 (322 words)

	IN PORTER'S "HACIENDA" - The New York Review of Books
		In 1931 the goddess of pulque is the goddess of death, her fertility inspiring terror and her liquor drugging rather than nourishing her children.
		She blames the exploitation on his "refuge in superstition and narcotics." She connects the fresco, which represents the discovery of pulque, with the artistic ability of the Indian, and she passes over the consequence that pulque would then be identified with an admirable artistic heritage.
		She does not observe the poisonous, pervasive omnipresence of pulque in the whole story, nor does she state that it symbolizes the techniques of corruption used by the rulers of the nation.
	www.nybooks.com /articles/6188 (1398 words)

	Dictionario General
		His government achieved very high levels of sophistication in all areas, but the fearful, submissive character of this tlatoani permitted the Spanish conquest to begin with great ease and it was consummated in spite of the resistance of Cuitlahuac and Cuauhtemoc, the last Mexica rulers.
		Among the Mexicas, pulque was called Centzontotochtli or "four hundred rabbits," because there are innumerable types of drunkenness.
		Pulque is a ritual beverage that comes from the maguey or agave plant.
	archaeology.la.asu.edu /tm/pages2/dict.htm (1097 words)

	Mexico Desconocido: myths and legends Maguey and pulque, myth and legend (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		About the pulque there are other stories told: it was the Tlacuache the first drunkard, who discovered the effects of the fermented aguamiel and he gave it as a present to the men, showing them how to prepare it.
		"...the gods of the pulque were moon people from here that had on their nose the half moon of the bone and had their faces painted in red and fl, colors that represent, respectively, he clear and the dark parts of the moon; their shield and emblem, a jar of pulque, present equally both symbols.
		This relation with the heavenly body which dies and is born again constantly it is explained by the fact that the gods of the pulque incarnate the death and reborn of nature; and they are celebrated after the crops, when the natives expressed their happiness in endless libations of pulque.
	www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx /english/cultura_y_sociedad/fiestas_y_tradiciones/detalle.cfm?idsec=15&idsub=64&idpag=58 (945 words)

	+a straight tequila night+
		It is descended from pulque, a favorite alchoholic drink of the Aztecs* and other Indian tribes.
		During these ceremonies, Aztec priests were allowed to drink pulque; it was thought that the state of intoxication enabled them to speak directly with the gods and to banish evil spirits.
		Pulque was also served to the victims of human sacrifices, before priests ripped out their hearts using knives made from shards of volcanic glass.
	www.angelfire.com /fl2/Circusfish/paradise/tequila.html (744 words)

	- El Universal Online - Miami Herald
		TLAXCALA.- Just when it looked as though pulque was down for the count in its battle against beer, a producer in Tlaxcala state is renewing the fight by producing the pre-Hispanic beverage for export to international markets.
		Pulque, a fermented beverage derived from juice of the maguey, or agave, plant, was the historical predecessor of mescal and tequila.
		Guillermo Rodríguez, a pulque producer from Taxco, Guerrero, has planted thousands of magueys in expectation of serving a growing clientele in Mexico City.
	www.eluniversal.com.mx /miami/16308.html (943 words)

	BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO - tribe.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Pulque fermented with chile ancho, epazote (an aromatic plant), salt and garlic.
		Pulque punch: a mix of pulque, lemon water, clove and nutmeg from the states of Puebla, Tlaxcala and Hidalgo.
		It is also the name of a native fermented drink similar to pulque, made in a clay pot with agave pulp and juice, clove, and cinnamon.
	bajadandb.tribe.net /thread/fb740984-28f6-48b4-b645-eb48cc8f370a (619 words)

	Beliefs, Behaviors, & Alcoholic Beverages
		The fermented pulque at the bottom of the barrel and the human saliva mixed with the aguamiel initiate the process of fermentation which produces pulque.
		‘Pulque is associated with the dead and the relationship of the dead to the living.
		‘Pulque must be given to the skulls buried in the four corners of fields near the highway to protect the crops from out-of-town robbers.
	www.hoboes.com /html/Politics/Prohibition/Notes/Belief.html (7938 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Latin America/Caribbean / Mexico's 'Nectar of the Gods' Dies a Slow Death (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In Aztec times, pulque was the highly esteemed drink of the elders, priests and warriors, a nectar that according to myth oozed from the 400 breasts of the goddess Mayahuel.
		ZEMPOALA, Mexico (Reuters) - In Aztec times, pulque was the highly esteemed drink of the elders, priests and warriors, a nectar that according to myth oozed from the 400 breasts of the goddess Mayahuel.
		The drink, the fermented sap of the agave or maguey plant, remains the same but the change in perception -- from nectar to nasty -- is central to its recent demise.
	www.boston.com /news/world/latinamerica/articles/2005/01/31/mexicos_nectar_of_the_gods_dies_a_slow_death (873 words)

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