Pulse-position modulation

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Topic: Pulse-position modulation

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	Low-power, infrared information transmission system - Patent 4151407
		The pulse position modulation circuit is coupled at its output to an infrared light-emitting device.
		The pulse position modulator circuit is comprised of a timer coupled to the signal provided by the input device to generate output pulses which deviate from a predetermined frequency by an amount corresponding to the voltage level of the input signal.
		The output of the modulator circuit is coupled to the infrared light-emitting device to activate the device in accordance with the generated output pulses and generate bursts of infrared energy which are in synchronism with the output pulses.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4151407.html (4334 words)

	PPM
		Modulation in which the temporal positions of the pulses are varied in accordance with some characteristic of the modulating signal.
	www.xs4all.nl /~jrme/ppm.html (20 words)

	Modulation
		In Pulse Amplitude Modulation, a pulse is generated with an amplitude corresponding to that of the modulating waveform.
		Also known as Pulse Time Modulation, PPM is a scheme where the pulses of equal amplitude are generated at a rate controlled by the modulating signal's amplitude.
		Modulation is the process where a Radio Frequency or Light Wave's amplitude, frequency, or phase is changed in order to transmit intelligence.
	telecom.tbi.net /mod1.html (797 words)

	how
		PPM, pulse position modulation or PWM, pulse width modulation, which are one and the same thing, is one of the ways in which the position the your sticks on your Transmitter is relayed to the servos.
		You now have a series of pulses, each one between 1 and 2 ms in length depending on stick position followed by a rest period of 20 ms (This is very important).
		This separates the pulses back into separate channels and as the counter only changes when it gets a pulse, each output pulse is the same length as the one from the encoder.
	www.namfc.co.uk /how.html (854 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com
		The modulation might vary the amplitude (PAM or pulse amplitude modulation), the duration (PDM or pulse duration modulation), or the presence of the pulses (PCM or pulse code modulation).
		pulse code modulation pulse code modulation: see modulation.
		pulse pulse, alternate expansion and contraction of artery walls as heart action varies blood volume within the arteries.
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=@DOCTITLE+pulse (287 words)

	pulse modulation
		PULSE CODE MODULATION is where the amplitude of the modulation is measured at regular intervals and a binary number generated to represent that amplitude.
		Pulse modulation consists of switching the carrier on and off as required.
		Here the width and amplitude of the pulse are constant but its position is determined by the amplitude of the modulating signal.
	ourworld.cs.com /_ht_a/gknott5413/elect98.htm (126 words)

	Pulse-amplitude modulation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pulse-amplitude modulation is now rarely used, having been largely superseded by pulse-code modulation, and, more recently, by pulse-position modulation.
		Pulse-amplitude modulation, acronym PAM, is a form of signal modulation where the message information is encoded in the amplitude of a series of signal pulses.
		In particular, all telephone modems faster than 300 bit/s use quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pulse-amplitude_modulation (135 words)

	Lab Electronics
		To show the pulse width and pulse position modulation signal is demodulated.
		To observe that the position/width of the pulses are altered although the amplitude of the modulating frequency is varied.
		To observe that the pulse height is constant although the amplitude of modulating frequency is varied.
	www.labelectronics.com /electrocommun.htm (943 words)

	PPM
		The short lines above the pulses show where they would be in the absence of modulation.
		As in PAM and PWM the carrier is a pulse train and as in PWM each component of the carrier's spectrum becomes something similar to an FM spectrum.
		--> A PPM signal and how it changes with amplitude and frequency of the modulating signal is shown in the applet below.
	cnyack.homestead.com /files/modulation/modppm.htm (66 words)

	Pulse-width modulation - Freepedia
		With pulse-width modulation, the value of a sample of data is represented by the length of a pulse.
		Pulses of various lengths (the information itself) will be sent at regular intervals (the carrier frequency of the modulation).
		Pulse-width modulation is a way to represent data over a communications channel.
	en.freepedia.org /PWM.html (163 words)

	Powerline Control Systems
		The function of the UPB receiver is to detect the pulses, determine the positions, separate the pulses from noise and finally produces the decoded data.
		The relative position of each pulse may vary over a small range of time or position relative to the previous pulses.
		A series of pulses is produced in rough synchronization with the main line voltage frequency.
	www.pcslighting.com /UPBTechnicalSpecs.htm (134 words)

	Pulse-Time Modulation
		The negative pulses are position-modulated in accordance with the modulating waveform.
		The position of each pulse, in relation to the position of a recurrent reference pulse, is varied by each instantaneous sampled value of the modulating wave.
		The length of the output pulse is thus duration or width modulated.
	www.tpub.com /neets/book12/49k.htm (935 words)

	PPM Sequences
		A pulse position modulation (PPM) sequence is a one dimensional array(ruler) of dots and blanks divided in N frames, and each frame having M slots.
		We found that the best PPM sequences are of size N=17 and M=16, and that only exist six (6) sequences of this size.
		Some properties of the PPM sequences are that each frame contains exactly one dot, and that the correlation and cross-correlation is one.
	dmn.netlab.uky.edu /~jesus/ppms.html (100 words)

	Definition: pulse-position modulation
		pulse-position modulation (PPM): Modulation in which the temporal positions of the pulses are varied in accordance with some characteristic of the modulating signal.
	www.its.bldrdoc.gov /fs-1037/dir-029/_4239.htm (38 words)

	Analog Digital Pulse Modulation -> Vinyl Records Australia
		A device that performs modulation is known as a modulator and a device that performs demodulation is known as a demodulator.
		Modulation is the process of varying a carrier signal, typically a sinusoidal signal, in order to use that signal to convey information.
		In digital modulation, the changes in the signal are chosen from a fixed list (the modulation alphabet) each entry of which conveys a different possible piece of information (a symbol).
	www.3345.com.au /cyclopedia/lev3_sound_definitions_sound_effects_modulation.htm (423 words)

	Chaotic Pulse Position Modulation: A Robust Method of Communicating with Chaos - Sushchik (ResearchIndex)
		The transceiver uses chaotic pulse position modulation, described in the above paper, to send data at an average rate of 20Mb s.
		@misc{ sushchik00chaotic, author = "M. Sushchik", title = "Chaotic pulse position modulation: A robust method of communicating with chaos", text = "M. Sushchik, et al., Chaotic pulse position modulation: A robust method of communicating with chaos, IEEE Communications Letters, vol.
		A pulse position method is used to modulate binary information onto the carrier.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /sushchik00chaotic.html (434 words)

	Connexions - Content - Search Repository
		This module serves as an introduction to the problem of demodulation and detection: the decision procedure for deciding which signal of a set of signals was transmitted despite noise and attenuation.
		This module examines the spectrum of the periodic pulse signal.
		A description of the functionality of a pulse amplitude modulated transmission system in a bandlimited channel.
	cnx.rice.edu /content/search?words=pulse+position+modulation (260 words)

	PWM -- Pulse Width Modulation
		Pulse Width Modulation refers to a method of carrying information on a train of pulses, the information being encoded it the width of the pulses.
		The worst case, in fact, is at motor stall (holding position against a load), where motor voltage = zero, so it is the entire supply voltage times the motor current dissipated in the servo amp.
		In applications to motion control, it is not exactly information we are encoding, but a method of controlling power without (significant) loss.
	www.timgoldstein.com /cad_cam/pwm.htm (355 words)

	Error correction for infrared data communication - Patent 5124991
		The data is transmitted using pulse position modulation.
		By selecting a pulse that is 5 positions wide, it is assured that the transmitter will be able to sense the negative acknowledgement pulse sent out by the receiver.
		This is because the pulses are not ideal pulses.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5124991.html (1635 words)

	Differentially coded and guard pulse position modulation for communication networks (US5394410)
		Differentially coded and guard pulse position modulation for communication networks
		encoding pulse position data in each said pair of adjacent slots by inserting a sequence of data bits and a check bit in one of said pair of adjacent slots and inserting said sequence of data bits and the complement of said check bit in the other one of said pair of adjacent slots.
		A method of pulse position encoding data for transmission over a communications link along which bit errors may be introduced into said pulse position encoded data due to multi-path effects or inaccurate timing, said method avoiding decoding errors caused by said bit errors, said method comprising the steps of:
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US05394410__ (580 words)

	LN - Pulse Modulation Technology using UniTrain-I
		As an extension to the exercise package dealing with pulse modu-lation, further methods of modulation for the transmission of data are examined, such as pulse width modulation PWM and pulse position modulation (PPM).
		Introduction to the function principle of pulse position modulation
		The inter-mediate stages of modulation and demodulation incorporate 2mm sockets for displaying the signals on an oscilloscope.
	www.lucas-nuelle.de /294/Products/Training_Systems/Information_and_Communication_Technology/mti76d.htm (343 words)

	Combined Binary Pulse Position Modulation/Biorthogonal Modulationfor Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access
		A novel modulation format is proposed for cellular direct-sequence CDMA systems where a user-specific spreading sequence is binary pulse position and biorthogonally modulated to form a set of biorthogonal spreading sequences.
		Combined Binary Pulse Position Modulation/Biorthogonal Modulationfor Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access
		The modulation scheme trades the signal space used for spreading sequences with that for modulation while a global space is fixed.
	www.comsoc.org /comm/private/1999/jan/22_47comm01-kim.html (227 words)

	Performance Enhancement of Spectral-Amplitude-Coding Optical CDMA Using Pulse-Position Modulation
		Additional pulse-position modulation (PPM) coding is proposed as a method to improve the system performance beyond this limit.
		Marhic and Y. Chang, "Pulse coding and coherent decoding in fiber-optic ladder networks," Electron.
		In particular, for a PPM word length of two, an increase in spectral efficiency of up to 100% is possible with no change in the signaling rate, data rate, or bit-error rate (BER).
	www.comsoc.org /comm/private/1998/sep/1176_46comm09-smith.html (756 words)

	OSETI I: Large M-ary Pulse Position Modulation and Photon Buckets for Effective Interstellar Communications
		Significant information can be sent by each pulse in digital pulse position modulation when M is very large.
		Very low duty cycle short pulse high peak power laser modulation enables sending of signals great distances with low average power and high efficiency.
		Pictorial data is feasible and readily reconstructed using this modulation approach.
	www.coseti.org /1867-15.htm (154 words)

	ECE 367
		This can be done in two different ways, i.e., pulse width modulation and pulse position modulation.
		Try various pulse widths and positions, and give labeled sketches of the oscilloscope display for the tachometer output for different speeds.
		With feedback, software can determine how to adjust its output (pulse width or pulse position) to bring the motor to a desired speed.
	www.uic.edu /classes/eecs/eecs265/367_Fall_2003/html/exp5.html (787 words)

	Paper 3 - The Columbus Optical SETI Observatory (HTML)
		Ross, "Large M-ary pulse position modulation and photon buckets for effective interstellar communications", SPIE Proceedings, The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) in the Optical Spectrum, OE/LASE '93, Vol.
		has suggested that ETIs would find pulsed beacons and Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) data-streams for far more efficient for interstellar communications.
		It is based on the maximum usable gains shown in Figure 2, and the CW or pulsed powers predicted by the respective authors.
	www.coseti.org /paper_03.htm (2272 words)

	5586145
		The starting times of successive transmitted pulses are modified in accordance with a pulse position modulation protocol.
		A method and apparatus are shown for generating and transmitting very short and widely separated high frequency sine-wave pulses of electromagnetic energy into space.
		An original information signal is sampled upon each occurrence of a periodic reference signal, and the transistor is then triggered into its breakdown or avalanche mode.
	www.aetherwire.com /CDROM/Patents/5586145.html (147 words)

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