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	Encyclopedia: Pyramid Texts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Pyramid Texts are a collection of ancient Egyptian religious texts from the time of the Old Kingdom, mostly inscriptions on the walls of tombs in pyramids.
		The Pyramid Texts were largely solar, but long before the texts were inscribed in the pyramids of Saḳḳâreh, there existed Osirian texts as well as Solar ones, though there is reason to believe that the learned men and scribes of Heliopolis were the first to make collections of their texts.
		The texts form a collection of 714 utterances or chapters, and although most of the utterances occur in more than one pyramid and very few are repeated in all the pyramids in which the texts are found, many of them are damaged and incomplete wherever they are found in the texts published by Sethe.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pyramid-Texts (695 words)

	Ancient Egyptian Expressions
		Pyramid Text 1405 The earth is raised on high under the sky by your arms, O Tefnut, and you have taken the hands of Ra...
		Pyramid Text 1443 The face of the sky is washed, the celestial expanse is bright, the god is given birth by the sky upon the arms of Shu and Tefnut, upon my arms.
		Pyramid Texts 1466-69 The King's mother was pregnant with him, [even he] who was in the Lower Sky, the King was fashioned by his father Atum before the sky existed, before earth existed, before men existed, before the gods were born, before death existed....
	www.albany.edu /faculty/lr618/we4.html (5096 words)

	The Pyramid designed as an Architectural Manifestation of the Duat
		Pyramids built after Khufu's that were inscribed with text describe the King's desire to unite with the Sun-God Re in death and travel in the solar bark either as Re, or as himself united with Re.
		The transition is clearer in the pyramid of Teti, and to a lesser extent those of Pepi I and II, where the passage between the sarcophagus Chamber/Duat and the antechamber/Akhet is devoted to spells of passage through the marshland at the western edge of the Akhet.
		The pyramid complex was, in one sense, a temple complex to the Horus-Osiris divinity, merged with the sun god in the central icon of the pyramid...(the pyramid was the) embodiment of light and shadow: and the union of heaven and earth, encapsulating the mystery of death and rebirth."
	www.pyramidofman.com /Concept.htm (3794 words)

	Egyptvoyager.com: Pyramids Text - Saqqara
		The pyramids of Pepi I, Merenre and Pepi II are further south, close to the mastaba of Shepseskaf.
		The soft Tura limestone bedrock was a suitable medium for the carving of the Pyramid Texts.
		What all these texts have in common is an emphasis on the eternal existence of the king and the location of the sky as the realm of the Afterlife, which is dominated by the sun-god Re.
	www.egyptvoyager.com /pyramids_text.htm (1264 words)

	Ancient Egypt: the Mythology - the Funerary Texts
		The Pyramid Texts are the earliest Egyptian funerary texts.
		The earliest surviving Pyramid Texts are found on the Fifth Dynasty pyramid of King Unas (image at left is of his burial chamber) at Saqqara.
		At death, the Pyramid Texts stated that the pharaoh was to become the sun or the new Osiris.
	www.egyptianmyths.net /funerarytexts.htm (1053 words)

	Civilization.ca - Egyptian civilization - Writing - Sacred pyramid texts
		These sacred texts, known as the Pyramid Texts, were written on the inner passages and the walls of the burial chamber.
		Known as the Coffin Texts because they were inscribed inside the coffins of Middle Kingdom high officials, they consist of over 1,000 spells (prayers for protection and empowerment) highlighting life beneath the earth in the kingdom of Osiris, in which the deceased worked in the Fields of Offerings and of Rushes.
		Those who were judged as wicked, were tossed to the goddess Amemet, "the swallower", who was portrayed as having the rear of a hippopotamus, the fore of a lion and the head of a crocodile.
	www.civilization.ca /civil/egypt/egcw03e.html (414 words)

	Pyramid complexes of Egypt
		The primal archetype of the Egyptian obelisk and pyramid was the sacred Ben-Ben stone in the temple of Heliopolis, the oldest centre of the sun cult.
		Unfinished and in poor condition, this pyramid complex is best known for the large amount of papyri found in the mortuary temple, which provided valuable evidence regarding the organisation of royal funerary cults in the Old Kingdom.
		The Pyramids of Abusir, which date to the 5th Dynasty, are regarded as the peak of development of the standard pyramid complex even though their architectural quality and size are far less impressive than the Pyramids of Giza.
	www.egyptologyonline.com /pyramids.htm (973 words)

	Ancient Egyptian Texts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		With Teti's pyramid, the text also appeared on the sarcophagus itself, and in the pyramid of Pepy I the inscriptions extend beyond the antechamber.
		Generally, the text is supposed to provide services to the deceased king in his ascent into the sky and with his reception in the world of the divine.
		The Coffin Text, which basically superseded the Pyramid Text as magical funerary spells at the end of the Old Kingdom, are principally a Middle Kingdom phenomenon, though we may begin to find examples as early as the late Old Kingdom.
	www.crystalinks.com /egyptexts.html (3318 words)

	Pyramid Texts -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The texts, inscribed on the walls of the inner chambers of the pyramids, are found at Saqqarah in several 5th- and 6th-dynasty pyramids, of which that of Unas, last king of the 5th dynasty, is the earliest known.
		The Coffin Texts, combined with the Pyramid Texts from which they were derived, were the primary sources of the Book of the Dead, which was in prominent use during...
		In the Old Kingdom period such texts were written on the burial chamber walls in the pyramids of the 5th and 6th dynasties and are called Pyramid Texts.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9062036 (931 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Pyramid Texts are the oldest known funerary texts from ancient Egypt, written on the walls of the passages and chambers of a number of Old Kingdom pyramids.
		The texts were the prerogative of the kings (although they have also been found in the pyramids of the three queens of Pepi II).
		Pyramid Texts are also known from the Late Period, surviving on tomb walls, coffins and papyri.
	www.let.leidenuniv.nl /saqqara/Egyptology/Glossary/PyramidTexts.html (375 words)

	Egyptian Journey 2003: Travelogue
		The Pyramid Texts are a collection of heiroglyphic inscriptions written in tombs and (obviously) in pyramids to protect the dead person on the journey into the afterlife.
		Pyramid texts are written from the "inside" of the tomb to the outside and can be found in a number of earlier pyramids.
		Most curiously, however, they are not written in the pyramids at Giza.
	www.phouka.com /pharaoh/egypt/info/00pyramidText.html (137 words)

	Ancient Egyptian Religion
		Throughout these texts, Egyptologists have never understood that the astronomical Stars were always being used as precise metaphors for fundamental Spiritual Stars in consciousness which are clearly defined in the known meanings of their names.
		The texts, inscribed on the walls of the inner chambers of the pyramids [from c.
		They are the oldest known Egyptian religious texts, the so-called Pyramid-Texts, are found in the burial chambers of the royal pyramids of the Fifth and Sixth Dynasties.
	www.crystalinks.com /egyptreligion.html (3499 words)

	Encyclopedia Smithsonian: The Egyptian Pyramid
		Pyramids did not stand alone but were part of a group of buildings which included temples, chapels, other tombs, and massive walls.
		Knowledge of astronomy was necessary to orient the pyramids to the cardinal points, and water-filled trenches probably were used to level the perimeter.
		As it became clear that the pyramids did not provide protection for the mummified bodies of the kings but were obvious targets for grave robbers, later kings were buried in hidden tombs cut into rock cliffs.
	www.si.edu /resource/faq/nmnh/pyramid.htm (1103 words)

	PyramidTexts
		In effect, the Pyramid Texts boldly assert on this wall that all Pure Pyramid construction has been performed, only when Polaris is the Polestar, but this only happens once at the Beginning of each 26,000 years in windows of several centuries.
		Pyramids from those of Seneferu and Khufu through Nefer-ka-Ro (Pepi II) reveals that they are breathtakingly older than the hopelessly unreliable age suppositions and phantasies of the Egyptologists.
		Most of the Pyramid Texts are actually sculpted in the forty rectangular walls and twenty triangular gables inside of these ten sadly neglected megaglyphs, wherever they have survived the passage of four thousand years.
	www.pyramidtexts.com (2037 words)

	The Pyramid of Teti at Saqqara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Some of the blocks of the outer casing are still in place on the East side of the pyramid, but the rest has been carried away over the centuries by stone-robbers, causing the core masonry to be exposed and crumble down into the rounded mound of stones seen today.
		The substructure of Teti's pyramid is similar to Unas', be it that it is slightly larger.
		As was the case with Unas' pyramid, the wall's of the burial chamber, the antechamber and part of the horizontal passage are inscribed with Pyramid Texts.
	www.ancient-egypt.org /saqqara/teti/pyramid.html (415 words)

	ANCIENT EGYPT : The Cannibal Hymn in the tomb of Pharaoh Unis
		The Pyramid Texts hence evidence the emergence of a composite mortuary doctrine.
		(1953 and 1971) the texts were an integral part of the funerary ritual performed in the tomb and hence were recited in the area were they were inscribed.
		Although the text repeats Pharaoh lives off the deities, and actually states he "lived on the being of every god", it is likely that those gods and goddesses, as well as the Kas which were over him when he appeared as the Bull of the sky, were exempt.
	maat.sofiatopia.org /cannibal.htm (11674 words)

	ANCIENT EGYPT : Liber NUN : on precreation in the Pyramid Texts
		Additional texts, parallel and complementary, have been found in the pyramids of Oudjebten, Neit, and Apouit, queens of Pepi II, Pharaoh Aba of the VIIth Dynasty, of whom little historically is known, and Sen-Wosret-Ankh, an official of the XIIth Dynasty.
		They were those inscribed on the walls of the sarcophagus chamber of the pyramid of Pepi I. Following that, he found texts in the pyramids of Wenis, as well as in the pyramids of Teti, Merenre, and Pepi II.
		In the Pyramid Texts, confusion ensues between this deep, precreational sky and the sky of the Osirian netherworld (for this lower sky and the "Imperishable Stars" are identified).
	www.sofiatopia.org /maat/nun.htm (10663 words)

	Pyramid texts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		(Unas, Teti, Pepy I, Merenre, Pepy II, Ibi) and in the pyramids of the queens of Pepy I and Pepy II.
		Some formulae from the Pyramid Texts are still in use in the New Kingdom (about 1550-1069 BC) and in the Late Period.
		Allen 1994 (the arrangement of the texts in a pyramid)
	www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk /literature/religious/pyramid.html (215 words)

	Funerary rites in Ancient Egypt
		The influence of the Pyramid Texts and the Coffin Texts
		The walls of the burial chamber and the ante chamber of the pyramid would be inscribed with vertical columns of text of individual sayings and spells.
		During the First Intermediate Period and the Middle Kingdom, pyramid texts began to be inscribed in the tombs of high officials.
	www.egyptologyonline.com /book_of_the_dead.htm (989 words)

	The Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Texts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The great majesty and spiritual depth of the texts is well preserved yet easy to read for the modern reader for example the old system of 'thou' 'thee' 'ye' have been dropped and 'you' 'your' etc..
		This is the one and only translation of the Egyptian pyramid texts found in the 5.
		The texts are dated back to around 3200 b.c., indicating that they were based on an oral tradition.
	www.armchairfans.co.uk /books/0198154372 (189 words)

	Pyramid Texts Article 3
		The Saqqara Pyramid Texts are filled with advanced knowledge about the Tunnel of Near Death Experiences, which only just began to be rediscovered scientifically in the 20th century from the fl-out experiences of healthy young Air Force pilots subjected to high g-forces in a giant centrifuge.
		In 77 occurrences of this 'Star' in the five pyramids of the five Saqqara Kings, there is not one shred of evidence for its supposed astronomical circumnavigation around the celestial pole.
		It will be recalled that in the Great Pyramid, the Grand Gallery is a gigantic megalithic Hieroglyph of the word seba for "Ensouling Star door." Even though it is half a football field long and three storeys high, it has the correct shape of an ancient Egyptian door Hieroglyph.
	www.pyramidtexts.com /article3.htm (1404 words)

	Welcome to Adobe GoLive 5
		"The Pyramid Texts were a collection of Egyptian mortuary prayers, hymns, and spells intended to protect a dead king or queen and ensure life and sustenance in the hereafter.
		Scribes copied the texts on rolls of papyrus, often colourfully illustrated, and sold them to individuals for burial use.
		The ritual texts depicted this region as dark, inhabited by beings clothed with wings.
	www.mc.maricopa.edu /~reffland/anthropology/anthro2003/legacy/ur/ugs/duat.html (3072 words)

	The Pyramid Texts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		However the reader should be aware of the history of the Texts, and that Faulkner was not the first, nor the last, to provide translation variously in German, French, and English.
		In Igio there appeared the standard edition by Sethe of the hieroglyphic texts, in which they are grouped into Spruche - here called `Utterances', often abbreviated to `Utt.'- and the corresponding passages from the different pyramids are displayed in parallel in numbered sections, an arrangement essential to a satisfactory study of the inscriptions.
		This passage, first in the long sequence of Pyramid Text passages, is startling in its parallel with the New Testament record.
	www.egyptorigins.com /osirisandjesusII.htm (3746 words)

	Pyramid of Unas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		His pyramid lies in ruins but its importance can not be underestimated for in its underground burial chambers are the earliest Egyptian funerary texts, carved in long columns of hieroglyphs on the walls.
		These are known as the Pyramid Texts, originally a literature reserved for kings but after the fall of the Old Kingdom, the texts began to appear on the coffins of noblemen and high officials as well.
		The pyramid is entered by a passage in the north face.
	www.bluffton.edu /~sullivanm/egypt/saqqara/unas/unas.html (256 words)

	Dynasty VI
		Unas' pyramid texts were carved and painted blue so they would stand out against the background and were discovered in 1881 by Gaston Maspero.
		The texts recount the ritual that would allow the deceased to pass into the afterworld and live among the gods, in the case of the Pharoah as a god (a star, the sun, Osiris, etc.).
		In Teti's pyramid, in utterance 337 the king is identified as Osiris and heaven shouts and the earth trembles at his coming.
	www.ghg.net /ritakarl/exodus/dyn6.htm (2112 words)

	Pyramid Texts Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Welcome to the Pyramid Texts Online where you can explore the pyramid of Unas from the comfort of your home.
		You may choose to read from the perspective of the King's soul leaving the tomb - moving east from the sarcophagus through the short passage into the Antechamber and then turning north up the corridor to the outside.
		Or, you might prefer to read the texts from the visitor's point of view - starting at the entrance corridor moving into the Antechamber and then into the Sarcophagus chamber, finishing at the sarcophagus at the western end of the chamber.
	www.pyramidofman.com /PT/Plan.htm (216 words)

	Stabilizing the text (from Homer) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Stabilizing the text (from Homer) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		An important and difficult question, which affects the accuracy of modern Homeric texts, is that of the date when the epics became “fixed”—which means given authoritative written form, since oral transmission is always to some extent fluid.
		This monumental work was begun around the 6th century AD and completed in the 10th by scholars at Talmudic academies in Babylonia and Palestine, in an effort to reproduce, as far as...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-11599 (803 words)

	The Pyramid Texts Index
		The Pyramid Texts were funerary inscriptions that were written on the walls of the early Ancient Egyptian pyramids at Sakkara.
		This etext is the complete text of volume one of this set, and includes the complete Mercer translation of the Pyramid Texts.
		A Litany-Like Incantation for the Endurance of a Pyramid and Temple, Utterance 601
	www.sacred-texts.com /egy/pyt (657 words)

	Pyramid Texts block (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This photograph is of a limestone slab with five columns of green-filled hieroglyphs containing the cartouche of King Pepy.
		The block, 24.5cm x 25cm, comes from the pyramid of king Pepy I (who reigned about 2300 BC) in the monumental cemeteries at Saqqara, southwest of Cairo.
		It is inscribed with Pyramid Texts, hieroglyphic inscriptions echoing the rituals of royal burial.
	www.ucl.ac.uk /news/right-column/ucl-views/pyramid (270 words)

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