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Topic: Pyramid of Unas

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	Egyptvoyager.com: Pyramids Text - Saqqara
		Unas erected his pyramid close to the South-West corner of Djoser's step-pyramid enclosure wall and almost diagonally opposite the pyramid of Userkaf, founder of the dynasty.
		The pyramids of Pepi I, Merenre and Pepi II are further south, close to the mastaba of Shepseskaf.
		The entrance is on the pavement, at the foot of the Northern facade of the pyramids.
	www.egyptvoyager.com /pyramids_text.htm (1264 words)

	The Pyramid Builders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To the east of the pyramid stood a Mortuary Temple measuring 171 x 132 feet, and on the bank of the Nile a Valley Temple was built.
		In fact, most pyramids built after this time are either severely deteriorated to the point were they are impenetrable or are disintegrated to the point were they are nothing but a pile of stone chips and rubble.
		Unas ruled from approximately 2356 - 2323 and was the last of the 5th Dynasty kings.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Academy/7357/builders.htm (2414 words)

	World Mysteries - Mystic Places - Construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt
		With these stones she built the pyramid which stands midmost of the three that are in front of the great pyramid, measuring along each side a hundred and fifty feet.
		The best of the pyramids, erected in the Fourth Dynasty, were built during a small window in history when the means, motive, and opportunity were all present, a situation that would not be repeated for the remainder of Egypt's history.
		The "Pyramid Age" reached its apex at the beginning of the 4th Dynasty with the construction of the pyramids at Dashur and Giza, but by the end of that dynasty, pyramids had become smaller until its last pharaoh, Shepseskaf, reverted to the mastaba shape for his tomb.
	www.world-mysteries.com /mpl_2_1.htm (7378 words)

	The Pyramid designed as an Architectural Manifestation of the Duat
		Pyramids built after Khufu's that were inscribed with text describe the King's desire to unite with the Sun-God Re in death and travel in the solar bark either as Re, or as himself united with Re.
		The transition is clearer in the pyramid of Teti, and to a lesser extent those of Pepi I and II, where the passage between the sarcophagus Chamber/Duat and the antechamber/Akhet is devoted to spells of passage through the marshland at the western edge of the Akhet.
		The pyramid complex was, in one sense, a temple complex to the Horus-Osiris divinity, merged with the sun god in the central icon of the pyramid...(the pyramid was the) embodiment of light and shadow: and the union of heaven and earth, encapsulating the mystery of death and rebirth."
	www.pyramidofman.com /Concept.htm (3794 words)

	Saqqara, City of the Dead - The Pyramid Complex of Unas
		The pyramid appears to have been built in a manner similar to Djedkare's: the core masonry consisted of accreted blocks, encased in a fine limestone casing.
		The entrance is located in the middle of the North side of the pyramid, not in the pyramid's face but at ground level in the pavement of the pyramid court.
		The pyramid of Unas, however, is the first since Djoser's to have had decorated rooms.
	www.ancient-egypt.org /saqqara/unas/pyramid.html (581 words)

	Pyramid of Unas
		Unas was the last king of the 5th dynasty and choose to build his pyramid near the southwest corner of Djoser's complex.
		It is the smallest pyramid from the old kingdom, but the finest in terms of bas reliefs.
		There is an inscription on the south face of the pyramid by Khaemwaset, son of Ramses II and High Priest at Memphis, referring to his restoration work.
	egyptphoto.ncf.ca /Pyramid%20of%20Unas.htm (158 words)

	Saqqara Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Built by the last king of the 5th Dynasty, the pyramid of Unas is the first to have texts on the walls of its burial chambers.
		The spells of these Pyramid Texts were thought to be useful to the dead king in the afterlife; some were recited during his burial ceremonies.
		The hieroglyphs in Unas’ pyramid are incised in fine sunk-relief and painted blue, while the ceiling of the sarcophagus chamber is covered with stars.
	www.let.leidenuniv.nl /saqqara/Saqqara/Monuments/unas.html (246 words)

	Pyramid of Unas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Unas was the last of a line of Vth Dynasty kings whose small pyramid (originally only about 18 1/2 meters high) is typical of the diminished size of later pyamids.
		His pyramid lies in ruins but its importance can not be underestimated for in its underground burial chambers are the earliest Egyptian funerary texts, carved in long columns of hieroglyphs on the walls.
		These are known as the Pyramid Texts, originally a literature reserved for kings but after the fall of the Old Kingdom, the texts began to appear on the coffins of noblemen and high officials as well.
	www.bluffton.edu /~sullivanm/egypt/saqqara/unas/unas.html (256 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Pyramid of Unas (Unis) is in poor condition however, the burial chambers are worth the visit.
		The core of the pyramid was loose blocks and rubble and the casing was of limestone.
		Although the outside of the pyramid is in ruin, the inside is still sound.
	home.att.net /~martin.r.smith/kha/kha/kha_library_unas.html (205 words)

	Egypt: Pyramid of Unas at Saqqara
		The Pyramid of Unas at Saqqara in Egypt
		The Pyramid of Unas at Saqqara, even though the smallest of the Old Kingdom Royal pyramids, is considerably more famous and better known then the king who built it.
		Unas' pyramid did not go unnoticed by Perring and shortly afterwards, of Lepsius, who numbered it 35 on his archaeological map.
	www.touregypt.net /featurestories/unasp.htm (1127 words)

	Pyramid complexes of Egypt
		The primal archetype of the Egyptian obelisk and pyramid was the sacred Ben-Ben stone in the temple of Heliopolis, the oldest centre of the sun cult.
		Unfinished and in poor condition, this pyramid complex is best known for the large amount of papyri found in the mortuary temple, which provided valuable evidence regarding the organisation of royal funerary cults in the Old Kingdom.
		The Pyramids of Abusir, which date to the 5th Dynasty, are regarded as the peak of development of the standard pyramid complex even though their architectural quality and size are far less impressive than the Pyramids of Giza.
	www.egyptologyonline.com /pyramids.htm (973 words)

	Ancient Egypt Pyramid Tour Experience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This pyramid was also the subject of one of antiquities' earliest restoration attempts, conducted under the auspices of one of the sons of Ramses II.
		The pyramid at Meidun is one of three constructed during the reign of Sneferu, and is believed by some to have been commenced by that pharaoh's father and predecessor, Huni.
		The pyramid of Senwosret II at Il Lahun is the southernmost pyramid structure in Egypt.
	www.roadtoegypt.com /pyramids_info.htm (1171 words)

	The Great Pyramid of Khufu - Guardian's Egypt - Guardian's Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Primer
		The attribution of the pyramid to King Khufu is supported by workman’s markings that were found in the pyramid in small chambers that were never intended to be opened.
		The original entrance of the pyramid is located 7.29 m (24 ft) east of the center of the pyramid on the north face, at a height of 16.76 m (55 ft) above ground level.
		Two are on the southern side of the main pyramid, two are on its eastern side flanking the Mortuary temple and the last is to the north of the causeway.
	www.guardians.net /egypt/pyramids/GreatPyramid.htm (2665 words)

	Saqqara, City of the Dead - The Pyramid Complex of Unas
		The last king of the 5th Dynasty, Unas, built his pyramid complex close to the South-Western corner of the enclosure wall surrounding complex of Djoser at Saqqara.
		The mortuary temple of this complex, which traditionally extends to the East of the main pyramid, was built on top of the substructure of the 2nd Dynasty tomb assigned to Hotepsekhemwi.
		The complex consists of all the standard elements: a main pyramid, to the East of which are located a mortuary temple and a small satellite pyramid.
	www.ancient-egypt.org /saqqara/unas/index.html (241 words)

	5th Dynasty
		Located near the sun temple, Nyuserre’s burial place is smaller in height and length than the sun temple indicating the unusual prominence of the cult of re during this dynasty.
		2375 – 2345 Unas – Pyramid Texts, which relate to the fate of a king in the afterlife, were found in his pyramid.
		While the pyramids from this period were smaller and less solid, carvings found from mortuary temples are well preserved and of excellent quality.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/prehistory/egypt/history/dynasties/dynasty05.html (396 words)

	Pharaoh Heaven - Egypt \ History \ Pyramids
		The pyramid built by Unas, the last of the fifth dynasty pharaohs, is the smallest Old Kingdom pyramid known to us.
		Upon entering the pyramid, one descends a passage until one reaches a corridor with three granite portcullis slabs (designed to protect the king’s burial).
		The inner chambers of Unas’s pyramid are notable for having had spells inscribed on the walls.
	pharaoh.heavengames.com /egypt/history/pyramids/unas.shtml (273 words)

	Egyptian Journey 2003: Photos: Saqqara: Pyramid of Unas
		The Pyramid was closed when we went -- many of the sites in Saqqara are closed for renovations or restoration work -- and from the outside it doesn't look like much.
		The burial chamber is plainly decorated except that the ceiling is covered in 5-pointed stars (a pattern repeated in the covered causeway outside) and a basalt sarcophagus.
		The pyramid was opened in 1881 by the director of antiquities and sponsored by Thomas Cook and Son.
	www.phouka.com /pharaoh/egypt/photos/saqqara/unasPyramid-01.html (427 words)

	The Evolution of the Egyptian Pyramid
		The alignment of the mortuary temple on the eastern face of later pyramids was perhaps due to the growing influence of the cult of Re, the sun god, at Heliopolis.
		Evidenced by the existence of several sarcophagi in unfinished pyramids of the Third Dynasty, it is more likely that the sarcophagus would have been placed during the construction of the burial chamber, before the corbelled ceilings were introduced, and thus their function is the subject of some debate.
		Yet another feature of the Meydum pyramid complex significant to the evolution of the Egyptian pyramid complex is the oldest known example of a cult pyramid, found at the south west corner of the primary pyramid (Verner 166).
	touregypt.net /featurestories/pyramidevolution.htm (4591 words)

	Pyramid of Unas at Saqqara (Greater Cairo & Surroundings) ... youregypt.com
		Pyramid of Unas at Saqqara (Greater Cairo & Surroundings)...
		Unas was the last king of the 5th dynasty.
		His pyramid lies to the south of Djoser's complex.
	www.youregypt.com /eguide/destinations/greatercairo/surroundings/saqqara/pyramidunas (237 words)

	The Liturgy of Funeral Offerings: THE LITURGY OF FUNERARY OFFERINGS: I. From the Pyramid of Unas
		Unas, the Eye of Horus hath been presented unto thee, which was snatched from the hand of Set, and was rescued for thee, and thou dost open thy mouth with it.
		Unas, the Eye of Horus hath been presented unto thee that thou mayest be filled therewith.
		Osiris Unas, the Eye of Horus hath been brought unto thee, for it hath been seized for thee that it may be before thee.
	www.sacred-texts.com /egy/lfo/lfo114.htm (4010 words)

	Saqqara. Pyramid of Unas
		Unas was the last pharaoh of the 5th Dynasty and ruled for 31 years, from 2375 until 2345 BCE.
		As seen from the Zoser's Pyramid, Unas Pyramid is not worth the walk, since it looks like a mound of rubble.
		On the back side, much of the original casing remains, giving a clear image of what pyramids must have looked like when they were complete.
	www.i-cias.com /egypt/saqqara07.htm (143 words)

	Rediscover Ancient Egypt - The Egyptian Pyramids at Giza, Sakkara, Dahshur, and Meidum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Many scholars want to believe that the only way to build the pyramid is by increasing both the height and length of a temporary ramp, as it was raised to the successive levels of the pyramid.
		If the two main pyramids at Dahshur are to be attributed to Snefru, and possibly a third pyramid at Meidum, it means that Snefru, in the course of his reign of 24 years, was responsible for the quarrying, transport, and dressing of several times the quantity of the Great Pyramid.
		Once they adopted the idea that the pyramids were tombs, they had to twist the evidence to fit into their stubborn theories.
	www.egypt-tehuti.com /pyramids.html (1307 words)

	Pyramid of Teti (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The pyramid of Teti, the first pharaoh of the 6th Dynasty, suffered enormous damage from quarrymen who removed not only the covering and a good part of the blocks of granite in the adjacent funerary temple, but also the limestone slabs within the monument.
		The walls of the inner chambers are decorated, as in the 5th Dynasty pyramid of Unas, with hieroglyphic inscriptions, a good portion of which were smashed by stone quarrymen.
		The burial chamber, vestibule and entrance corridor of the pyramid of Teti are inscribed with the Egyptian funerary texts known as the Pyramid Texts following the example set by Unas.
	www.grisel.net /teti.htm (253 words)

	Ancient Egyptian Texts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		However, the first Pyramid Text that were actually discovered were from the Pyramid of Pepy I. This collection forms the basis of much of the later religious theology and literature of ancient Egypt.
		From Unas, the last king of the 5th Dynasty, varying selections of spells were carved in all the royal pyramids of the Old Kingdom, particularly the sarcophagus chamber and antechamber.
		With Teti's pyramid, the text also appeared on the sarcophagus itself, and in the pyramid of Pepy I the inscriptions extend beyond the antechamber.
	www.crystalinks.com /egyptexts.html (3318 words)

	Egyptian Journey 2003: Photos: Saqqara: Pyramid of Unas
		While the quality of the pyramid is very low, the mortuary temple and the complex surrounding the pyramid at extensive and contain many beautiful carvings.
		South of pyramid is the entrance to the Persian Tombs -- a set of vaulted tombs from the twenty-seventh dynasty.
		This pyramid was built after those of Abu Sir, all of which are much less impressive than the great pyramids of the Giza Plateau.
	www.phouka.com /pharaoh/egypt/photos/saqqara/unasPyramid-02.html (324 words)

	Pharaonic Monuments in Cairo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		South of the Step-Pyramid, lies the Pyramid of Unas, last of the V Dynasty pharaohs.
		Near to the Pyramid of Unas lies the Persian Shaft, a tomb of XXVI (Persian) Dynasty, 25 m deep.
		Close to the eastern flank of the Pyramid of Khufu lie three small pyramids dedicated either to his wives or family members.
	ce.eng.usf.edu /pharos/cairo/Tourist/pharaonic.html (756 words)

	The Great Expeditions to the Pyramids
		There are, in Egypt and Nubia, some 300 pyramids that were built over a period of about 3,000 years.
		At Giza, Reisner was clearing the complete profile of Menkaure's pyramid, unearthing the royal statuary, the temples and the workers village.
		Between 1909 and 1910, the Germans uncovered the temples of Khafre's pyramid, and in 1926, Emile Baraize began to clear the Sphinx and most of its temple for the Antiquities Service, which was still under French direction.
	www.touregypt.net /featurestories/pyramidexploration.htm (922 words)

	Pyramid complex of Unas
		The casing was made, as usual, of carefully dressed blocks of fine white limestone.
		Pyramid of Unis was the first pyramid possessing walls covered with Pyramids Texts, the oldest sacred book in the history.
		allery-tomb B of Hotepsekhemwi, the ruler of dynasty II, with pyramid of Unas erected above it.
	www.narmer.pl /pir/unis_en.htm (289 words)

	Saqarra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Situated about 10 miles south of the Giza pyramids, the pyramid/temple complex at Saqqara is regarded by Egyptologists as the earliest massive stone construction in Egypt.
		It is dominated by the enormous Step Pyramid, attributed to the 3rd Dynasty Pharaoh, Zoser.
		I was diappointed by this, especially added to the Great Pyramid fiasco, but on the other hand, it was getting later in the morning, coachload upon coachload of tourists were arriving, and we had Dashur down the road to look forward to.
	www.ancient-mysteries.com /testpart/saqdash/Saqarra/saqarra.html (352 words)

	Cairo \| Visiting the City \| Tourist Attractions & Sightseeing \| Attractions & Landmarks \| Pyramid of Unas \| ...
		This Pyramid could easily be ignored for it resembles a pile of dirt and rubble.
		The Pyramid Texts are a collection of written rituals and hymns of the Ancient Egyptian religion, intended to guide the soul into the afterlife.
		The Pyramid is currently closed due to the deterioration of the interior.
	gohop.wcities.com /en/record/150,202651/113/index.html (97 words)

	Saqqara. Pyramid of Userkaf
		Userkaf was the first pharaoh of the 5th Dynasty and ruled for 8 years from 2494 until 2487 BCE.
		We might read into this that the pyramid of Zoser had risen to the highest religious importance; the architect of Zoser's pyramid, Imhotep, was eventually elevated to god.
		The other point of interest is that the funerary complex was built to the south of the pyramid.
	i-cias.com /egypt/saqqara20.htm (171 words)

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