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Topic: Pyrometallurgy

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	Oxygen Pyrometallurgy at Copper Cliff
		Economic application of oxygen pyrometallurgy would permit replacement of this sulfur by liquid sulfur dioxide, with simultaneous replacement of the coal by low-cost tonnage oxygen, produced using low-cost hydroelectric power.
		Inco's resulting half century of progress in developing oxygen pyrometallurgy (Figure 1) is a paradigm of the long-term teamwork that is necessary to attain such an operational shift—laboratory theoreticians, hot-metal operators, and management all working together with mutual respect.
		Inco took another major stride forward in the use of tonnage oxygen to enhance heat and mass transfer in nonferrous pyrometallurgy, by pioneering the employment of a steelmaking converter for this purpose.
	www.tms.org /pubs/journals/JOM/9601/Queneau-9601.html (6130 words)

	Hydrometallurgical processing of impurity streams generated during the pyrometallurgy of copper - Patent # 5616168 - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Hallmark features of the various embodiments of this invention include the water leach of flue dust, a controlled acid leach stage in which metal species are solubilized, the extraction of copper as a sulfide, and the ability to operate the various process stages at essentially ambient pressure.
		The pyrometallurgy of copper is a multi-step process, and impurity streams in their various forms are generated at each step.
		While these metal values may be the subject of capture and eventual sale depending upon their concentration in the ore and the form in which they are present in the ore, these metals are typically the subject of capture for ultimate nonsaledisposal.
	www.patentgenius.com /patent/5616168.html (6742 words)

	Extracting Metal from Ore
		There are three basic ways of treating metallic ores in order to extract their metal content.
		Pyrometallurgy is the treatment of metals and their ores by heat.
		Pyrometallurgy includes Roasting, which is the heating of ores in air or heating it with a reducing agent such as carbon (coke) or carbon monoxide.
	www.unr.edu /sb204/geology/extrtext.html (795 words)

	Metallurgical and Materials Transactions. Part B, Process metallurgy and materials processing science, 2005; 36 (2)
		Pyrometallurgy - Kinetics of Low-Temperature Chlorination of Vanadium Pentoxide by Carbon Tetrachloride Vapor / Jena, P K / Brocchi, E A / González, J
		Pyrometallurgy - Pyrometric Temperature and Size Measurements of Chalcopyrite Particles during Flash Oxidation in a Laminar Flow Reactor / Laurila, Toni / Oikari, Risto / Joutsenoja, Timo / Mikkola, Petteri / Ranki-Kilpinen, Tiina / Taskinen, Pekka / Hernberg, Rolf
		Pyrometallurgy - Results Demonstrating Techniques for Enhancing Electrochemical Reactions Involving Iron Oxide in Slags and C in Liquid Iron / Pal, Uday B / MacDonald, Scott A / Woolley, David W / Powell, Adam C
	www.ucm.es /BUCM/compludoc/W/10504/10735615_1.htm (415 words)

	Pyro 2006 Overview
		The SAIMM Pyro 2006 conference is envisaged as an international conference on pyrometallurgy with a Southern African flavour.
		The primary intention is to showcase Southern African pyrometallurgical operations and to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas between people from various types of smelters.
		There is a particular significance to the choice of location, in that the Swartkrans area close to the Sterkfontein Caves is the site of the earliest evidence of the deliberate controlled use of fire by humans (about 1.3 million years ago), and this is obviously a necessary precursor to pyrometallurgy.
	www.pyrometallurgy.co.za /Pyro2006 (479 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		A collection of papers from the Australian Asian Pacific Cource and Conference on Pyrometallurgy for Complex Materials and Wastes held in Melbourne, Australia, June 6-8, 1994.
		The relentless presence of competitiveness is rehearsed as the source of the current trends towards continuous improvement and benchmarking.
		While this might be expected to lead to more spending on pyrometallurgy, the opposite appears to be the case.
	doc.tms.org /servlet/ProductCatalog?category=01-2272 (296 words)

	Minerals Engineering Conferences - Pyrometallurgy 2002
		International Symposium on Pyrometallurgy (Pyromet '02), was organised by Minerals Engineering International, in collaboration with the Western Cape Branch of the SAIMM, and was sponsored by the University of Queensland's Pyrometallurgy Research Centre - PYROSEARCH.
		The first conference organised by Minerals Engineering International dealing with pyrometallurgy, was held in Cape Town, South Africa and was organised in association with the Western Cape Branch of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.
		Whereas many of the activities at the TMS meeting are published in conference proceedings, Pyrometallurgy '02 offers each selected and presented paper the opportunity for submission to the journal Minerals Engineering for publication after peer review.
	www.min-eng.com /pyro02.html (902 words)

	Processing: ROCK'N METAL: Musée de la civilisation
		The rest of the concentrate is made of undesirable substances, mainly minerals from the ore gangue, but also chemical elements other than copper, which are in the ore itself.
		These undesirable substances are called impurities or "slag." Two industrial processes are employed to remove the slag: hydrometallurgy, which uses chemicals, and pyrometallurgy, which uses heat.
		Pyrometallurgy is used on copper ore. It is a three-step process (roasting, smelting and converting) and is carried out in a plant called a "smelter."
	www.mcq.org /roc/en/transformation/index.html (141 words)

	Metallurgical and Materials Transactions. Part B, Process metallurgy and materials processing science, 1999; 30 (3)
		Pyrometallurgy - Chlorination and Carbochl ori nation of Magnesium Oxide / Kanari, N / Gaballah, L
		Pyrometallurgy - Simulation of the Removal of Arsenic during the Roasting of Copper Concentrate / Nakazawa, S / Vazawa, A / Jorgensen, F R A
		Pyrometallurgy - Titanium Powder Prepared by Magnesiothermic Reduction of Ti2+ in Molten Salt / Suzuki, Ryosuke O / Harada, Takuya N / Matsunaga, Tomoya / Deura, Tetsushi N / Ono, Katsutoshi
	www.ucm.es /BUCM/compludoc/W/9905/10735615_1.htm (578 words)

	Innovations : Technology Changes Forge The Future Of Copper Mining
		There are multiple reasons: reactions are faster at higher temperatures; molten metals are easy to handle and alloy; reagents are cheap (wood, natural gas, flux); the metal and impurities separate easily; the precious metals stay with the primary metal; and the concentration of copper in a smelter is 20 times that in a hydrometallurgical process.
		This could allow matte to be shipped (at half the overall cost of concentrate) to either a pyrometallurgy converting stage or a hydrometallurgy stage (as in the nickel industry).
		The advantage of this break in the flow is that a small, cheaper matte-making furnace could be placed at the mine site where acid could be generated and used.
	www.copper.org /innovations/1997/Nov1997/technology-changes.html (1192 words)

	[No title]
		His current research interests in pyrometallurgy include chlorination of titania slags, mould flux behaviour, fundamentals of titania slags, reduction kinetics, and process modelling as the basis of control, and in corrosion protection by paint, and electrochemistry.
		He is the author or co-author of 34 papers in refereed journals, and presenter at numerous conferences.
		Prof Pistorius says the vision for the department is to gather and maintain a team of skilled academic staff, who can develop our graduates, and can lead industrially relevant research projects that span this metallurgical spectrum.
	www.up.ac.za /academic/mmi/metal/about/about_history.htm (797 words)

	Mineral Processing Mill
		A mineral processing mill is used to treat ore from an iron, copper, or other mine.
		The product is a mineral concentrate that is then smelted (pyrometallurgy), dissolved (hydrometallurgy), processed in other ways, or sold.
		For example, the ore from a particular silver-lead-zinc mine might be milled to produce a silver-containing lead concentrate, and a zinc concentrate.
	www.sci.uidaho.edu /met341/Intro/index.html (103 words)

	Expert: Hydrometallurgy, Pyrometallurgy, and Extraction and Recycling of Metal-Containing Raw Materials Expert
		Expert focuses his technical and project management experience on the recovery, separation, and refining of raw materials containing metals, by means of hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy.
		Expert may consult as an independent consultant or as a member of a consultancy, consulting company, or consulting firm.
		Intota provides attorneys and legal professionals the opportunity to ask an expert initial screening questions and ask the experts services particulars by requesting a project.
	www.intota.com /viewbio.asp?bioID=603287&perID=108224 (1303 words)

	metallurgy: Separation of the Metal — FactMonster.com
		These chemical processes are classified as pyrometallurgy, electrometallurgy, and hydrometallurgy.
		Pyrometallurgy, or the use of heat for the treatment of an ore, includes
		If the ore is an oxide, it is heated with a reducing agent, such as carbon in the form of coke or coal; the oxygen of the ore combines with the carbon and is removed in carbon dioxide, a gas (see
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/sci/A0859589.html (435 words)

	University of Missouri-Rolla: Center for Pyrometallurgy
		The Center for Pyrometallurgy conducts fundamental research in the field of pyrometallurgy.
		Originally established under the US Bureau of Mines Generic Mineral Technology Center Program, the center is currently funded by a diverse range of grants from government and industry.
		The emphasis of research is process and extractive pyrometallurgy, however projects undertaken have also included counter-current reactor design, metal powder atomization, and oil filter recycling.
	www.umr.edu /research/ctrs/pyrometallurgy.html (73 words)

	Pyrometallurgy Division, Mintek
		Close interaction between the research groups and the operations group ensures that a wide range of expertise can be called on to assist in solving any particular problem.
		The Pyrometallurgy Division's greatest strength lies in its range of transferred DC-arc furnaces (single graphite-electrode furnaces) that are available for testwork.
		The largest of these is rated at 5.6 MVA, and is usually operated continuously between 1 and 2 MW.
	www.mintek.co.za /Pyromet/Pyromet.htm (1489 words)

	Poster Session
		It is important to use them for Tc speciation in pyrometallurgy which is now considered the most probable alternative approach to reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel.
		During pyrometallurgical spent fuel reprocessing, technetium can remain in the fused salt or enter (depending on the applied temperatures, reagents and potentials) either the sedimented phase contaminating Pu enriched phase, or electrodeposited U phase.
		Some EXAFS measurements applicable to pyrometallurgy were presented earlier by [1, 2].
	www.nea.fr /html/science/pyro/abst-p.html (2814 words)

	Pyrometallurgy
		"Injection in Pyrometallurgy: The Howard Worner International Symposium" (1997 Review of Extraction and Processing), M.E. Schlesinger and M. Nilmani, April 1997, pp.
		"Oxygen Pyrometallurgy at Copper Cliff—A Half Century of Progress" (Industrial Insight), P.E. Queneau and S.W. Marcuson, January 1996, pp.
		"Pyrometallurgy Near the End of the 20th Century" (Industrial Insight), N.J. Themelis, August 1994, pp.
	www.tms.org /pubs/journals/JOM/indexes/pyrometallurgy.html (2054 words)

	unit04-section02-scos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		define metallurgy, pyrometallurgy, and hydrometallurgy using scientific principles
		identify the risks and benefits to society and the environment of pyrometallurgy
		evaluate the processes of pyrometallurgy versus hydrometallurgy for the production of copper and nickel from two representative minerals and determine which industrial process would be best
	www.cdli.ca /courses/chem3202/unit04/section02/sect02-scos.htm (260 words)

	Robertson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		His main interests are teaching and research in the fields of physical chemistry and process engineering, applied to the extraction and refining of metals.
		The Center for Pyrometallurgy is a focus for research at UMR and provides facilities for projects supervised by five of the tenured professors in the Department of Metallurgical Engineering.
		Deneys, D. Robertson, R. Jones, and A. Worcester, "Recovery of Cobalt from a Viburnum Trend Lead Blast Furnace Slag", Nickel-Cobalt 97, Vol 2, Pyrometallurgy Fundamentals and Process Development, C.A. Levac and R. Berryman, Editors, CIM, Montreal, Canada, 23-37, 1997.
	campus.umr.edu /meteng/ProfWeb/robertson.htm (336 words)

	Griffith Hack - Technologies - Mining, Minerals and Metals Technologies Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Our practice covers a range of new technology and traditional minerals processing techniques, including crushing and grinding, classification, milling of ores, flotation, solid-liquid separation including gravity and cyclone separation, thickening, and filtration, drying, calcining, agglomeration, pelletising and process optimisation and control.
		Group experience in hydrometallurgy is extensive, including leaching (eg bioleaching, pressure leaching), solvent extraction and electrowinning, pyrometallurgy including roasting, smelting (eg flash smelting, bath smelting and shaft furnace smelting), direct reduction technology, solid state reduction of minerals, refining of metals, environmental management, waste treatment and recycling.
		A number of our professionals have developed considerable expertise in the field of materials analysis and characterisation, alloy design and metal forming, including casting, rolling, extrusion, forging, drawing and machining, metal fabrication, welding, failure mechanisms such as corrosion, fatigue and creep, heat treatment, surface treatment, metallography and powder metallurgy.
	www.griffithhack.com.au /technologies/gh_technologies_mining.asp (419 words)

	Teaching
		Reddy has been teaching both undergraduate and graduate courses and has been equally occupied with funded research activities in the Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department.
		Some of the courses he has been teaching are Thermodynamics, High-temperature materials processing, Pyrometallurgy, Introduction to ceramics, Statistical thermodynamics, Chemical metallurgy and Phase diagrams.
		The courses were received well by both graduate and undergraduate students.
	bama.ua.edu /~rreddy/teaching.htm (989 words)

	Image and Data Manager
		Scientist, environmentalists and business leaders have joined forces from Planet Ark, CSIRO and other prominent technology organisations to figure out a way to turn this tide of waste.
		High-temperature metallurgical processing (pyrometallurgy) is increasingly being used to treat industrial waste, such as batteries, and this has prompted Canon Australia to approach CSIRO Minerals, a world leader in pyrometallurgy with experience in waste treatment.
		Shuichi Tsukahara, the managing director of Canon Australia, said that CSIRO brings a deep knowledge of pyrometallurgy to the industry workshop.
	www.idm.net.au /story.asp?id=6597 (354 words)

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