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Topic: Pyrroloquinoline quinone

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	Method of resisting neurodegenerative disorders - Patent 5091391
		It is currently believed that NMDA receptor oxidation which results from administering the pyrroloquinoline quinone material to a subject in accordance with this invention occurs through the conversion of vicinal sulfhydryl residue on the NMDA receptors extracellular surface to disulfide bonds.
		It was observed that pyrroloquinoline quinone (5 micromolar) was able to initiate and at least partially effect reversal of the potentiating actions that two millimolar DTT had on NMDA induced currents.
		The pyrroloquinoline quinone was not toxic to neurons, even when present for a test period of 24 hours.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5091391.html (2286 words)

	PQQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a redox coenzyme, which serves as a cofactor for a number of enzymes (quinoproteins) and particularly for some bacterial dehydrogenases.
		The reversibility of the quinone electrochemistry can be dramatically increased in the presence of a thin organic layer preventing the strong interactions between quinone molecules and the metal electrode surface.
		Electrochemical study of pyrroloquinoline quinone covalently immobilized as monolayer onto a cystamine modified gold electrode.
	chem.ch.huji.ac.il /~eugeniik/pqq.htm (1990 words)

	Synthesis of pyrroloquinoline quinone in vivo and in vitro and detection of an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway ...
		Synthesis of pyrroloquinoline quinone in vivo and in vitro and detection of an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway -- Velterop et al.
		Synthesis of pyrroloquinoline quinone in vivo and in vitro and detection of an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway
		Toyama, H, Lidstrom, M. pqqA is not required for biosynthesis of pyrroloquinoline quinone in Methylobacterium extorquens AM1.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/177/17/5088 (361 words)

	Advanced Orthomolecular Research - Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Pyrroloquinoline quinone improves growth and reproductive performance in mice fed chemically defined diets.
		New biological properties of pyrroloquinoline quinone and its related compounds: inhibition of chemiluminescence, lipid peroxidation and rat paw edema.
		Characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone amino acid derivatives by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and detection in human milk.
	www.aor.ca /news.php (2164 words)

	Vitamin - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		On April 24, 2003 a research team led by Takafumi Kato of the Japanese Institute of Physical and Chemical Research confirmed that pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a substance originally discovered in 1979, can be categorised as a vitamin in mice.
		Some authorities say that Ubiquinone, also called Coenzyme Q, is a vitamin (See ref.) Ubiquinone is manufactured by the body, so other authorities dispute this.
		Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) was reported as a vitamin for mice in 2003.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Vitamin (905 words)

	A New Vitamin Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ)
		In a communication published in the April 24, 2003, issue of the journal Nature, we identified an organic molecules called pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) as a new vitamin for mammals.
		Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ; Fig.1) is an organic molecule found from bacteria as a reduction-oxidization (redox) cofactor[*1], such as nicotinamides (pyridine nucleotides) and flavins.
		It has a quinone skeleton as well as vitamin B2 (riboflavin) (the lower right side of Fig.1), and the part of left side contains a similar chemical property to that of vitamin B6.
	www.brain.riken.go.jp /labs/mdmd/pqq/index-e.html (890 words)

	Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improves Growth and Reproductive Performance in Mice Fed Chemically Defined Diets -- Steinberg ...
		Pyrroloquinoline quinone acts with flavin reductase to reduce ferryl myoglobin in vitro and protects isolated heart from re-oxygenation injury.
		Dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone: growth and immune response in Balb/c mice.
		The catalysis of redox cycling by pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), PQQ derivatives, and isomers and the specificity of inhibitors.
	www.ebmonline.org /cgi/content/full/228/2/160 (3539 words)

	Physiological Importance of Quinoenzymes and the O-Quinone Family of Cofactors -- Stites et al. 130 (4): 719 -- Journal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Newcomer T. A., Rosenberg P. A., Aizenman E. TOPA quinone, a kainate-like agonist and excitotoxin is generated by a catecholaminergic cell line.
		Paz M. A., Martin P., Fluckiger R., Mah J., Gallop P. The catalysis of redox cycling by pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), PQQ derivatives, and isomers and the specificity of inhibitors.
		Urakami T., Yoshida C., Akaike T., Maeda H., Nishigori H., Niki E. Synthesis of monoesters of pyrroloquinoline quinone and imidazopyrroloquinoline, and radical scavenging activities using electron spin resonance in vitro and pharmacological activity in vivo.
	nutrition.org /cgi/content/full/130/4/719 (5479 words)

	Pyrroloquinoline quinone -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Pyrroloquinoline quinone -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		Pyrroloquinoline quinone, originally discovered in 1979, was reported to be a (Any of a group of organic substances essential in small quantities to normal metabolism) vitamin in (additional info and facts about mice) mice on April 24 2003 by a research team led by Takafumi Kato of the ().
		Because it has not been shown that any disease results from a dietary deficiency of this substance in (Any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae) humans, it is not considered a vitamin in humans.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/py/pyrroloquinoline_quinone.htm (93 words)

	Science News : Vitamin or just vital? Cryptic molecule leads scientists in circles. (pyrroloquinoline quinone may help ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		(pyrroloquinoline quinone may help vitamin B6 control the body's levels of amines, includes information on what a vitamin is) @ HighBeam Research
		(pyrroloquinoline quinone may help vitamin B6 control the body's levels of amines, includes information on what a vitamin is)
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	static.highbeam.com /s/sciencenews/may251991/vitaminorjustvitalcrypticmoleculeleadsscientistsin (249 words)

	PTX Faculty: ROBERT B. RUCKER
		With regard to studies on compounds that have potential co-factor function, we have most recently provided evidence that the water soluble quinone, pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a required co-factor.
		The primary goals for current work directed at PQQ are to establish whether: 1) pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) functions as an eukaryotic cofactor (note: it is an established cofactor for prokaryotes) and 2) more firmly establish that PQQ is nutritionally important during early neonatal growth and development.
		Tracy E. Stites, Tracey R. Sih, and Robert B. Rucker, Synthesis of 14C- pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) in E. coli using genes for PQQ synthesis from K. pneumonia.
	www.envtox.ucdavis.edu /ptx/subpage/faculty/rbrucker.html (675 words)

	UC Davis Nutrition Department Faculty - Robert B. Rucker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Dr. Rucker's research interests are focused on the role of lysyl oxidase in extracellular matrix assembly, the role of copper in early growth and development, and the physiological roles of quinone cofactors derived from tyrosine, such as pyrroloquinoline quinone.
		Characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone amino acid derivatives by electro spray ionization mass spectrometry and detection in human milk.
		Synthesis of 14C-pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) in E. coli using genes for PQQ synthesis from K. pneumonia.
	nutrition.ucdavis.edu /faculty/rucker.html (802 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		As such enzymes mediate the continuous reduction of oxidized hemoglobin in erythrocytes and further protect against reoxygenation injury in both the heart and brain, structural analogues of PQQ may possess the potential for use as therapeutic agents in heart attack and stroke.
		Separation of the enzyme cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone and three isomeric analogues by capillary electrophoresis with ion-pairing media.
		Separation of negatively charged isomeric quinones in acidic solution by capillary electrophoresis with reductive electrochemical detection.
	www.mbc.pharm.utoledo.edu /mbc/mbc_faculty/tillekeratne/tille.html (541 words)

	Escherichia coli is unable to produce pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Escherichia coli is unable to produce pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ).
		Escherichia coli is unable to produce pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ).No GCD activity could be detected in membrane fractions.
		Many bacteria can synthesize the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a cofactor of several dehydrogenases, including glucose dehydrogenase (GCD).
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/1296512.html (270 words)

	Publications
		Synthesis and characterization of model compounds of the lysine tyrosyl quinone cofactor of lysyl oxidase.
		Dove, J.E; Klinman, J.P. (2001) Trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (TPQ) from copper amine oxidases and lysyl tyrosylquinone (LTQ) from lysyl oxidase.
		The role of copper in topa quinone biogenesis and catalysis, as probed by azide inhibition of a copper amine oxidase from yeast.
	www.cchem.berkeley.edu /jukgrp/publications.html (1126 words)

	quinona2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		quinone gene mutation in relation to suppression of fl
		Isolation and structure of sorrentanone: a new tetrasubstituted quinone
		A new bioactive quinone, sorrentanone (I), was isolated from a fermn.
	www.asturmed.org /quinona2.htm (487 words)

	Controlling bone resorption with pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) and related compounds - Patent 5616576
		we proposed that the putative redox-vitamin, PQQ [pyrroloqinoline quinone], in concert with ascorbate, play a key role in the formation and removal of nitric oxide.
		It specifically applies to treating patients who present postmenopausal (Type I) osteoporosis, senile (Type II) osteoporosis, idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis, cytokine-mediated osteolytic disorders occurring in periodontal disease, joint disease (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis), bone metastasis, and Paget's disease of bone.
		The PQQ component according to the invention can be free PQQ (2,7,9-tricarboxy-pyrroloquinoline quinone, also termed methoxatin or 2,7,9-tricarboxy-1H-pyrrolo(2,3f)quinoline-4,5-dione).
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5616576.html (3418 words)

	A New Nutrient in Town - RealAge Tip of the Day
		Toss some parsley into your sandwiches and salads for a dose of the newest nutrient on the block.
		Japanese researchers have discovered a new vitamin, pyrroloquinoline quinone, or PQQ.
		Prior to the discovery of PQQ (pyrroloquinoline quinone), the last time a new vitamin was discovered was in 1948.
	www.realage.com /News_Features/tip.aspx?cid=14538 (279 words)

	The Structure of a Biosynthetic Intermediate of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) and Elucidation of the Final Step of PQQ ...
		The Structure of a Biosynthetic Intermediate of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) and Elucidation of the Final Step of PQQ Biosynthesis
		Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a tricyclic o-quinone, which serves as a cofactor in several enzyme-catalyzed redox reactions in certain bacteria.
		PQQ is also important for human health, and its role as a vitamin in mammals has recently been suggested.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/jacsat/2004/126/i17/abs/ja0493852.html (262 words)

	Functions of Amino Acid Residues in the Active Site of Escherichia coli Pyrroloquinoline Quinone-Containing ...
		Functions of Amino Acid Residues in the Active Site of Escherichia coli Pyrroloquinoline Quinone-Containing Quinoprotein Glucose Dehydrogenase -- Elias et al.
		From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
		quinone (PQQ), were constructed by site-specific mutagenesis and
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/275/10/7321 (416 words)

	[No title]
		High performance liquid chromatographic separation and pH-dependent electrochemical properties of pyrroloquinoline quinone and three closely related isomeric analogues.
		Effects of a 33 residue interleukin-1-beta peptide and the antioxidant PQQ on interleukin-1-beta-mediated inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin release from cultured mouse pancreatic islets.
		Smith, A. R., Kirchhoff, J. R., Zhang, Z.P., Tillekerantne, and Hudson, R. A (2000) separation of enzyme cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone and three isomeric analogues by capillary electrophoresis with ion-pairing media.
	www.mbc.pharm.utoledo.edu /mbc/mbc_faculty/hudson/rah.html (1199 words)

	DBGET Result: ENZYME 1.3.3.11
		The structure of a biosynthetic intermediate of pyrroloquinoline
		quinone (PQQ) and elucidation of the final step of PQQ biosynthesis.
		pyrroloquinoline quinone in Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 and the
	www.genome.ad.jp /dbget-bin/www_bget?ec:1.3.3.11 (122 words)

	Structural requirements of pyrroloquinoline quinone dependent enzymatic reactions [In Process Citation] -- Oubrie and ...
		Structural requirements of pyrroloquinoline quinone dependent enzymatic reactions [In Process Citation]
		Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry and BIOSON Research Institute, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
		On the basis of crystal structures of the pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)
	www.proteinscience.org /cgi/content/abstract/9/7/1265 (354 words)

	Mutants of Escherichia coli producing pyrroloquinoline quinone. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Mutants of Escherichia coli producing pyrroloquinoline quinone.The regulation of PQQ production by E. coli is discussed.
		These mutants (EF mutants) do not use a constitutive galactose permease for glucose translocation.
		They synthesize sufficient pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) to yield a specific activity of glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) equivalent to that found in the parent strain grown in glucose minimal medium supplemented with 1 nM-PQQ.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/46407.html (166 words)

	Structure and mechanism of soluble quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase -- Oubrie et al. 18 (19): 5187 -- The EMBO Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Soluble glucose dehydrogenase (s-GDH; EC 1.1.99.17) is a classical quinoprotein which requires the cofactor pyrroloquinoline
		Duine, J.A. Quinoproteins: enzymes containing the quinonoid cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone, topaquinone or tryptophan-tryptophan quinone.
		Zheng, Y.-J. and Bruice, T.C. Conformation of coenzyme pyrroloquinoline quinone and role of Ca in the catalytic mechanism of quinoprotein methanol dehydrogenase.
	embojournal.npgjournals.com /cgi/content/full/18/19/5187 (3714 words)

	Conformation of coenzyme pyrroloquinoline quinone and role of Ca2+ in the catalytic mechanism of quinoprotein ...
		Conformation of coenzyme pyrroloquinoline quinone and role of Ca2+ in the catalytic mechanism of quinoprotein methanol dehydrogenase -- Zheng and Bruice 94 (22): 11881 -- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
		Conformation of coenzyme pyrroloquinoline quinone and role of Ca
		The ab initio structures of 2,7,9-tricarboxypyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), semiquinone (PQQH), and dihydroquinone (PQQH2)
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/abstract/94/22/11881 (436 words)

	Better Nutrition: New vitamin discovered - goodnews - micronutrient pyrroloquinoline quinone - Brief Article
		Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net.
		A substance once considered inconsequential has now been established as the first new vitamin discovered Since 1948.
		Studies in mice show that the micronutrient pyrroloquinoline quinone (PPQ)--once viewed as a nonessential antioxidant--affects immune response, reproduction, skin health-and amino acid breakdown.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FKA/is_7_65/ai_103379485 (328 words)

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