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	2003 EH parent of the Quadrantid shower
		The Quadrantid shower is hard to observe because the radiant is in lower culmination at midnight.
		The Quadrantids end as high in the atmosphere as the Lyrid meteors with similar entry speed but originating from a known comet, and higher than Geminid meteoroids, which have been sintered by a small perihelion distance, appearing more asteroid-like and penetrate deeper in the atmopshere.
		The identification of the Quadrantid parent was announced on an IAU Circular on December 08.
	ephemeris.sjaa.net /0401/e.html (1768 words)

	The Quadrantid meteor shower begins this week
		The shower's radiant is located high in the Northern sky, so the Quadrantids are visible mainly to observers in the Northern hemisphere where the weather is cold and often stormy in January.
		If this is true, then we might expect to see outbursts of Quadrantid meteors during years when the parent comet is nearby, just as the well-known Leonid meteors are especially intense around the time that their parent comet, Tempel-Tuttle, passes close to Earth.
		The NASA Star Trails Society invites you to observe the Quadrantids and to submit your observations for analysis by scientists studying the meteor shower.
	science.nasa.gov /newhome/headlines/ast28dec98_1.htm (1271 words)

	Millennium Meteors - Education (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Quadrantid meteors take their name from an obsolete constellation, Quadrans Muralis, found in early 19th-century star atlases between Draco, Hercules, and Bootes.
		He took all of his Quadrantid observations for the period of 1960 to 1976 and determined an average magnitude of 2.81 (based on 142 meteors).
		Later in 1963, as a by-product of this study, Hamid and Whipple suggested a possible common origin for the Quadrantids and the Delta Aquarids, as 1300-1400 years ago the orbital planes and perihelion distances were very similar.
	maxpages.com /dllfguestbook/Millennium_Meteors - !http://www.maxpages.com/dllfguestbook/Millennium_Meteors (2790 words)

	Quadrantids -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Quadrantids are a (A transient shower of meteors when a meteor swarm enters the earth's atmosphere) meteor shower.
		The meteors appear to radiate from an area inside the (A configuration of stars as seen from the earth) constellation (Click link for more info and facts about Boötes) Boötes.
		The parent body of the Quadrantids was recently tentatively identified (in a) as the minor planet 2003 EH, which in turn may be the same object as the comet C/1490 Y1 which was observed by Chinese, Japanese and Korean astronomers 500 years ago.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/q/qu/quadrantids.htm (144 words)

	Millennium Meteors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Quadrantid meteors can appear anywhere in the heavens, but their trails will point back toward the radiant.
		My brightest Quadrantid was in 1981 when I saw a -10th magnitude fireball shoot high into the eastern sky.
		Although the Quadrantids are among the most active of all regular meteor showers, they are seldom widely observed.
	spacescience.com /headlines/y2000/ast29dec_1.htm (791 words)

	The Quadrantids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Quadrantids are named after an old and unused constellation, Quadrans Muralis, and the radiant lies now in top region of Boötes the Herdsman, average Position(j2000): RA=229 deg, DEC=+49 deg.
		The Quadrantids are not considered a good meteor display for observers in the Southern Hemisphere.
		In Dec. 2003 Peter Jenniskens of the NASA Ames Research Centre found evidence that Quadrantid meteoroids come from 2003 EH1, an asteroid that is likely a remnant of a comet, C1490 Y1, that broke apart some 500 years ago, perhaps with a close encounter with Jupiter in 1650, that ejected the into a different orbit.
	mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk /blobrana/news/xhomef.html (384 words)

	The Quadrantid meteor shower begins this week (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Quadrantids, one of the year's most intense and least observed meteor showers, peaks on January 4, 2000.
		The shower stretches from Dec. 28, 1999 to Jan. 7, 2000, with a sharp maximum on Jan. 4 at 0530 UT (00:30 EST) when as many as 200 shooting stars per hour might be seen.
		Quadrantid meteroids are in a highly elliptical orbit tilted about 70 degrees from the plane of the solar system.
	www.spacescience.com /newhome/headlines/ast28dec99_1.htm (771 words)

	Astron. Astrophys. 327, 1242-1252 (1997) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Although the Quadrantids can be detected in all years, the main peak of the stream does have some features of meteor outbursts.
		Williams and Wu (1993) note that the orbit of the Quadrantids was roughly similar to the orbit of the comet in 1491, assuming it was of short period at that time.
		Hence, it is possible that the Quadrantids originated from comet C/1491 Y1 in the period 1385-1491 (prior to 1650).
	aa.springer.de /papers/7327003/2301242/sc4.htm (2806 words)

	The Quadrantids - American Meteor Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The maximum of the Quadrantids occurs on January 3-4; it is a brief, intense peak.
		Quadrantids are medium speed meteors, entering the atmosphere at 41.5 km/sec (Cook 1973).
		The Quadrantids are quite capable of producing fireballs, many reports reside in AMS files.
	www.amsmeteors.org /quads.html (631 words)

	The Quadrantid Meteor Shower (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Quadrantid meteor shower is one of the year's best, regularly producing 50 to 120 meteors per hour.
		The source of the Quadrantid meteor shower was unknown until Dec. 2003 when Peter Jenniskens of the NASA Ames Research Center found evidence that Quadrantid meteoroids come from 2003 EH1, an "asteroid" that is probably a piece of a comet that broke apart some 500 years ago.
		The Quadrantids, which were "re-zoned" to Bootes after Quadrans Muralis disappeared, kept their name--possibly because another January shower was already widely-known to meteor watchers as the "Bootids."
	www.spaceweather.com /meteors/quadrantids/quadrantids.html (281 words)

	The Geminids and Quadrantids: the season's grand finale
		In contrast with the 1999 return, the 2000 Quadrantids are met by dark skies.
		Quadrantid meteors are medium-paced, and sometimes strongly coloured (blue and yellow meteors are commonly reported).
		The Quadrantids bring the curtain down on the most active part of the year - stretching back to August's Perseids - for meteors.
	www.britastro.com /jbaa/archive/geminids.htm (752 words)

	(meteorobs) Viewing the Quadrantids
		To see the Quadrantids at their best one must be located at a longitude where 0600 UT corresponds to the hour before the start of morning twilight.
		Observers south of the equator are at a major disadvantage as the radiant, as seen from their location, will not rise very high in the sky before the start of morning twilight.
		The best strategy for viewing the Quadrantids this year would be to observe when the moon is low in the west or has set.
	www.meteorobs.org /maillist/msg29048.html (821 words)

	SPA - Quadrantids 2002 first results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		While the moonfree Quadrantid maximum was eagerly anticipated by SPA Meteor Section observers at the start of the Society's 50th anniversary year, January 3-4 was not especially clear across the UK judging by reports received by late February.
		A first analysis of the radio data revealed four potential Quadrantid maxima, with mean UT timings centred at January 3, 12h +/- 1h (but in only 33% of the results, and of relatively minor strength) and 21h +/- 2h, January 4, 03h +/- 1h and 10h +/- 2h.
		The problems around the midnight UT interval on January 3-4 certainly suggest strongly that the two "central" radio peaks of the four found should be treated as parts of a single, reception-affected, period, rather than two separate ones at least, even if the main maximum cannot be better defined than this.
	www.popastro.com /sections/meteor/quad2003.htm (1572 words)

	The mother of all Quadrantids / Once-great hunk of rock pegged as source of yearly meteor shower
		Too dull and puny to be classified as a comet, the object is now only an asteroid, a rock about 2 miles in diameter that is orbiting the sun between Earth and Jupiter.
		When it was a star that exploded, astronomers theorize, debris flew into solar orbit to create what observers on Earth took to calling the Quadrantid meteor shower, because it appears to come from somewhere in the direction of the constellation once known as Quadrans Murales, but now officially named Bootes, the Hunter.
		The annual Quadrantid meteor shower consists of tiny specks of sand-like dust burning up when they hit the top of Earth's atmosphere, and they appear regularly just about this time of year -- like the Perseids of August and the Leonids of November.
	sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2003/12/31/MNGCC4152J1.DTL (514 words)

	Video Meteor Observation with MOVIE
		So the absence of distinct structures within the Quadrantids radiant at the level of about one degree is the main result of this analysis.
		The accuracy of parts of the data is not as good as for the Quadrantids, because I used an earlier version of the analysis software last year.
		The determination of zenith rates for this years Quadrantids was especially complicated due to the mentioned 'frozen lens' and the resulting large drop of the systems limiting magnitude.
	www.molau.de /meteore/newres.html (2119 words)

	2003 Quadrantids project by the International Project for RMO
		This project monitors and obtains the whole Quadrantids activity by using worldwide data.
		The next project is the 2003 Quadrantids observation.
		So, it is important to monitor the Quadrantids activity.
	www.amro-net.jp /iprmo2002/qua03p.htm (111 words)

	Quadrantids 2001 \| International Meteor Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Observers were satisfied by good Quadrantid rates in the UT afternoon and evening hours of January 3, 2001.
		The highest ZHR value is found for 13h30m UT on January 3 or a solar longitude of lambda=283.24° (J2000.0).
		The ZHR of about 130 is a typical value for the Quadrantids, but the number of reports for the peak period is very small whence conclusions are tentative.
	www.imo.net /node/175 (291 words)

	IMO Meteor Shower Calendar 1998 \| International Meteor Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Of the two better showers, only the northern-hemisphere Quadrantids in early January are free from moonlight.
		The year commences with a good return of the Quadrantids for northern hemisphere observers, as the Moon will be a waxing crescent setting by the local late evening hours of January 3.
		A weak minor shower that is usually observed only during the Geminid and Quadrantid epochs, but which needs more coverage at other times too, especially to better-define its maximum.
	www.imo.net /calendar/cal98.html (4530 words)

	AMS Meteor Shower FAQ
		Some meteor showers (such as the Quadrantids) have very sharp maximums, displaying their best rates for only a few hours each year.
		The Quadrantids more often than not will give a display in the low 20's; you have to be fortunately placed to do better.
		The large difference in the rates for the Eta Aquarids is attributed to the southerly declination of the radiant.
	www.amsmeteors.org /faqm.html (3261 words)

	IngentaConnect The 1999 Quadrantids and the lunar Na atmosphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		IngentaConnect The 1999 Quadrantids and the lunar Na atmosphere
		The 1999 Quadrantids and the lunar Na atmosphere
		We suggest that different chemical–physical properties of the Leonid and Quadrantid streams may be responsible for the difference.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/bsc/mnr/2001/00000327/00000001/art00024 (161 words)

	IMO Meteor Shower Calendar 2003 \| International Meteor Organization
		For the major showers, the year begins with a superb northern-hemisphere Quadrantid return, and the southern-hemisphere alpha-Centaurids in early February are also Moon-free at their best.
		An excellent return of the Quadrantids for northern observers starts the year perfectly, with an expected peak around midnight UT on January 3-4.
		The shower is almost unobservable from the southern hemisphere, so northern watchers must brave the winter cold to improve our knowledge of it, especially this year as its expected peak benefits from a nearly-new Moon.
	www.imo.net /calendar/cal03.html (6286 words)

	2004 Quadrantids by The International Project for Radio Meteor Observation
		Quadrantids is one of the best meteor shower in a year.
		If we miss the peak time, therefore, we cannot see many Quadrantid meteors.
		At least, Quadrantids in 2004 was higher activity than last activity.
	www.amro-net.jp /qua04p.htm (118 words)

	Quadrantids Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Looking For quadrantids - Find quadrantids and more at Lycos Search.
		Find quadrantids - Your relevant result is a click away!
		The meteors appear to radiate from an area inside the constellation Boötes.
	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Quadrantids (299 words)

	2003 Quadrantids from Callander Scotland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The constellation is now a part of Bo tes and Ursa Major, but the meteors are still referred to as "the Quadrantids".
		Like the Leonids, the Quadrantids display a sharp peak in activity that lasts for just an hour or so, often during daylight hours or with interference by the moon.
		In 2003 the maximum activity was due to occur on the night of the 3rd/4th January ideally timed for observing from the UK with the moon near new.
	www.russellsastronomy.com /meteor/2003%20Quads.htm (300 words)

	Quadrantids 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		We present the report of Quadrantids 2003 visual data totaled by the Nippon Meteor Society
		Quadrantids 2003 report by Nippon Meteor Society (NMS)- 6th Jan. 2003
		We used the visual data that was contributed until 21:00 6th Jan. 2003 to the mailing list of meteor observers and researcher in Japan (NMS-ML) and direct e-mail.
	www.nms.gr.jp /en/rep03qua_en.html (484 words)

	Quadrantids - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The parent body of the Quadrantids was recently tentatively identified (in a paper by Peter Jenniskens (http://ephemeris.sjaa.net/0401/e.html)) as the minor planet 2003 EH, which in turn may be the same object as the comet C/1490 Y1 which was observed by Chinese, Japanese and Korean astronomers 500 years ago.
		This page was last modified 15:57, 9 Mar 2005.
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Quadrantids contains research on
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Quadrantids (147 words)

	Quadrantids report (1/4/99) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		At that time I found the sky to be mediocre, with high clouds drifting in and out, but decided to give it a shot and went in the backyard in my sleeping bag.
		From 3:40 am to 5:15 am I counted 17 Quadrantids and 2 sporadics.
		Because of the clouds a ZHR estimate is a guess at best, but taking account of the obscurations I got a pretty constant ZHR of about 40-50 thourough the period.
	www.observers.org /reports/2000.01.04.html (108 words)

	Quadrantids 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		We present the report of Quadrantids 2004 visual data totaled by the Nippon Meteor Society
		Quadrantids 2004 report by Nippon Meteor Society (NMS)- 11th Jan. 2004
		We used the visual data that was contributed until 10th Jan. 2004 to the mailing list of meteor observers and researcher in Japan (NMS-ML) and direct e-mail.
	www.nms.gr.jp /en/rep04qua_en.html (179 words)

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