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Topic: Quadrupole magnet

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Particle accelerator

	Quadrupole magnet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Quadrapole magnets sometimes called correctors, are designed to create a magnetic field whose magnitude grows linearly with the radial distance from its longitudinal axis, which is usually centered on and parallel to the main motion of the charged particles.
		In a quadrapole electromagnet there are four steel pole tips, two opposing magnetic north poles and two opposing magnetic south poles.
		The steel is magnetized by a large electric current that flows in the coils of tubing wrapped around the poles.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Quadrupole_magnet (194 words)

	CERN Courier - LHC magnets pass two milesto - IOP Publishing - article
		The Brookhaven-built magnet, which arrived at CERN on 21 January, is a 10 m long, 4.7 tonne single-aperture dipole.
		Magnets of this type will be installed on either side of the ALICE and LHCb experiments to deviate the beams in order to make them interact and then to separate them.
		Fermilab is building 18 "low-beta" quadrupole magnets, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is working on the superconducting cable and feed boxes for the same quadrupoles.
	www.cerncourier.com /main/article/43/2/1 (379 words)

	nanotechweb.org - Employment Centre - CV: Magnets for accelerator,research, industrial applications
		“Magnetic Measurement of 8.5Dipole Magnet of TL-3 for Indus-2”, Kailash Ruwali, Anand Valecha, K. Hussain, Subrat Das, Ashok Kumar, B. Srinivasan, S.P. Mhaskar, DAE Symposium on Nuclear Physics 45B (2002) 486.
		“Magnetic Measurement of 14.5Dipole Magnet of TL-3 for Indus-2”, Anand Valecha, Kailash Ruwali, K. Hussain, S.P. Mhaskar, InPAC 2003 Proceedings, pp.
		“Magnetic measurements of Booster Dipole and Quadrupole Magnets”, Anand Valecha, Kailash Ruwali, S.P. Mhaskar, DAE Symposium on Nuclear Physics 47B (2004) 560.
	nanotechweb.org /jobs/cvdetail/8789 (1844 words)

	Particle accelerator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In higher-energy accelerators, quadrupole magnet s are used to focus the particles into a beam and prevent their mutual electrostatic repulsion from causing them to spread out.
		Cyclotrons have a single pair of hollow 'D'-shaped plates to accelerate the particles and a single dipole magnet to curve the track of the particles.
		The tube has many magnets distributed around it to focus the particles and curve their track around the tube, and microwave cavities similarly distributed to accelerate them.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Particle_accelerator.html (1646 words)

	[No title]
		Magnets with this cross section and various magnetic lengths ranging from 4.0 m to about 15.5 m will be employed in the interaction regions and the utility regions of the Collider.
		Two short (1.2 meters) model magnet cold masses were built, and their quench performance was found to be satisfactory for use in the collider.
		The magnets had 3 training quenches each before a plateau current in excess of 8600 A was reached in liquid helium (4.3K).
	www.hep.net /ssc/new/history/sscnews/nov92 (609 words)

	J5-31.HTML (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		DESCRIPTION: Two large horseshoe magnets are arranged with their poles N to S and S to N, forming a "quadrupole" as shown in the photograph at the right.
		Quadrupole magnets are used in focusing of charged particle beams, where the beam moves through the field perpendicular to the plane of the magnets, as shown in the photograph.
		A single quadrupole focuses in one direction and defocuses in the other direction, so quadrupole magnets are generally used in pairs as beam focusing magnets.
	www.physics.umd.edu /lecdem/services/demos/demosj5/j5-31.htm (104 words)

	Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance or NQR is a technique related to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) which is used to detect atoms whose nuclei have a nuclear quadrupole moment, such as
		Since unlike NMR, NQR is done in an environment without a static (or DC) magnetic field, it is sometimes called "zero-field NMR".
		A detection system consists of a radio frequency (RF) power source, a coil to produce the magnetic excitation field and a detector circuit which monitors for a RF NQR response coming from the explosive component of the mine.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/NQR (210 words)

	Session 3P - Superconducting Magnets 1, Superconducting RF, Control Systems W, Radiation Monitoring and Safety.
		The magnets have a 16 cm (13 cm) aperture in the hi-\beta (medium-\beta) section of the linac.
		The first magnet produced had the desired coil pre-stress and low field harmonics in the body of the magnet and is therefore being used in the RHIC Machine.
		Superposed with the main quadrupole fields are fields from skew quadrupole coils for solenoid coupling compensation, and fields from horizontal dipole coils for correction of small vertical misalignments of the magnetic centers.
	flux.aps.org /meetings/YR97/BAPSPAC97/abs/S200.html (9602 words)

	Quadrupole magnet -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In (A scientific instrument that increases the kinetic energy of charged particles) particle accelerators, quadrupole magnets are used to focus beams
		They are designed to create (The lines of force surrounding a permanent magnet or a moving charged particle) magnetic fields whose
		Several quadrupole magnets can be arranged in sequence such that they create
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/q/qu/quadrupole_magnet.htm (122 words)

	Knud's Bibliography on Magnetic Measurements
		/quadrupole /integral coil /harmonic coil /rotating coil /alignment
		/quadrupole /sextupole /integral coil /harmonic coil /rotating coil
		/quadrupole /sextupole /integral coil /harmonic coil /rotating coil /alignment
	henrichsen.ch /magnet/bibliography.htm (9720 words)

	[No title]
		The actual effective length of many magnets is, therefore, a matter for 3D magnet code modeling or conjecture, and fudge (correction) factors, determined by analysis of observed beam behavior, are used by the control system in computing magnet setpoints and in determining magnet strengths from measured currents for the online model.
		BT QUADS -------- Quadrupole magnet currents (amps) for the BT are converted to gradients (T/m) by the control system using linear interpolation of MMS data found in a SAD script file corresponding to the three different varieties of BT quads.
		The value for the effective lengths of ZH and ZV correctors from this file (0.1232 m) is sufficiently different from their SAD deck effective length values (0.06 m) that this must be represent another type of fudge factor.
	www-project.slac.stanford.edu /lc/atf/MAGNET.DOC (979 words)

	[No title]
		The two 1.2-meter quadrupole magnet models with a coil aperture of 50 mm were completely designed and tested at the laboratory.
		While this is a magnet for demonstrating magnet design technology features in quadrupoles for the collider interaction and utility regions, the first prototype IR quadrupole, QL9, will be designed in 1993 as well.
		The LBL development of quadrupole magnets and, earlier, of superconducting cable, was completed at the end of FY92.
	www.hep.net /ssc/new/history/sscnews/feb93 (1259 words)

	LHE in Images III
		That is a pulsed superconducting magnet with a "cold" iron ioke and hollow superconducting winding.
		The magnet is fastened in the vacuum shell of the cryostat 540 mm diameter by 8 suspension parts of stainless steel.
		The first Nuclotron magnetic element was installed in the accelerator tunnel in February 1992 and last 160-th magnetic element - in December 1992.
	lhe.jinr.ru /english/img_03.htm (243 words)

	[No title]
		It was noted that Lambertson magnets are often loss points in accelerators, but that much of the time this is at injection when the beam size is larger.
		The Committee recommends looking at moving quadrupole magnets to achieve the required extraction trajectory of the circulating beam at flattop, reserving the corrector magnets for their intended use.
		Studies were not presented of the effects of magnet mispowering (of both bending and focusing magnets) and misalignments to see if the correction systems and power supply arrangements can correct errors to the required tolerances.
	www-numi.fnal.gov /numwork/rev_jan00_primary/primary_report.ascii (2233 words)

	American Metal Market: Supercollider project gets back on track - Supplement: Tantalum & Columbium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Central to the project is the development of highly specialized magnets that will line the tunnel and create a powerful magnetic field to propel subatomic protons at high speed and crash them together, creating up to 100 million collisions per second.
		The considerably smaller quadrupole magnet will have a length of 5.4 meters, weigh approximately 3 tons and use about 2,600 feet of the alloyed wire, said Michael Hiller, engineer in the accelerator magnet systems group of Babcock's Naval Nuclear Fuel division.
		The cable density of the quadrupole magnet is about 691 pounds, he said, noting that half of this weight is copper.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3MKT/is_n13_v101/ai_13402639 (1416 words)

	Monthly Activities Report - December 1995
		Three lengths of quadrupole cold masses were manufactured: 380 at 1.13m length, 26 at.95m length, and an additional 26 at 1.83m length.
		Magnetic field measurements indicate that all magnets meet or exceed performance specifications.
		The Quadrupole cold masses manufactured by Northrop Grumman are combined with corrector cold masses manufactured by BNL and sextupole cold masses manufactured by Everson Electric Company of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.
	www.er.doe.gov /production/henp/np/program/monthly/mon12_95.html (1667 words)

	First Fermilab LHC magnet leaves Illinois, bound for CERN
		The first of a series of such magnets designed and built at Fermilab, the magnet is destined to play a key role in the operation of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the new particle accelerator that is under construction at CERN and due to start operation in 2007.
		The departure of the 13-m long magnet marks the culmination of a decade-long effort at Fermilab to design, develop, manufacture and test the next generation of focusing magnets for particle accelerators.
		The Fermilab magnets, as well as similar magnets built at Japan's KEK laboratory, will focus the proton beams at the interaction regions in order to maximize the number of collisions that occur within the detectors.
	public.web.cern.ch /Press/PressReleases/Releases2004/PR06.04EFermiMagnet.html (959 words)

	LHE in Images II
		The first bending magnet permits to transport the beam of charged particles to the Syncrophasotron (upper channel) or to the Nuclotron.
		The magnets are assembled in the cryostat equipped with a copper shield cooled by liquid nitrogen.
		The magnets are refrigerated by two-phase helium flow.
	lhe.jinr.ru /english/img_02.htm (225 words)

	GEAMAG: GEANT for MAGNEX
		The geometrical parameters for the magnet are in fact read from an output file of the ray-tracing program ZGOUBI [2].
		The positioning of the magnet (and field map) with respect to the central axis from the target is quite critical.
		For the dipole, the magnetic field (including the important fringing fields at the entrance and exit of the magnet) was read into GEAMAG from a data file (map) generated by ZGOUBI.
	www.ppsa.com /~winfield/geamag-main.html (2013 words)

	NSCL - Magnet Technology at the NSCL
		A quadrupole magnet can be modeled by placing four bar magnets around the beam pipe.
		One type of magnet is a dipole, which is nothing more than two refrigerator magnets placed so they attract each other.
		The beam goes through the space between the two magnet poles and is bent by the magnetic field.
	www.nscl.msu.edu /tech/magnets (411 words)

	Spectrometer Description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The vertical size of the detector and the magnetic field in the dipole magnet limit the acceptance of the polarimeter in
		For a given beam energy there is an optimal setting of the currents in these 4 magnets.
		Typically, the dipole magnet should be turned on only for the Møller measurements.
	hallaweb.jlab.org /document/OPMAN/node73.html (220 words)

	MAGNEX photo gallery
		In the pictures below you see the magnets mounted and the auxiliary equipment beginning to be assembled on the rotating platform in the new experimental area.
		In the foreground is one of the dipole coil assemblies.
		Behind them is the rotating platform for the spectrometer (yellow) and quadrupole magnet (left) behind.
	www.lns.infn.it /magnex/photos.html (327 words)

	prostate proton beam cancer loma linda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The proton beam is initially accelerated to 2 MeV by a radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) and then transported through a 180 degree bending magnet and injected into the synchrotron ring where it is accelerated to its final energy by the RF cavity located diametrically opposite to the point of injection.
		The tune of the accelerator is regulated by iron core quadrupole magnets which are used to control the rate of beam extraction.
		The primary function of the beam intensity monitor is to provide feedback to the air core quadrupole magnet thus providing a uniform spill over the 0.4 to 10.0-s spill duration.
	www.protons.com /PINTEN.HTM (2063 words)

	Accelerator: More about Magnets
		The figure at left shows the magnetic field lines for a quadrupole magnet and the corresponding forces on a negative particle traveling into the picture.
		This figure shows a pair of quadrupole magnets --note that the second has the north and south poles reversed compared to the first.
		bunch traveling through a pair of quadrupole magnets, showing how net shrinking of the bunch size is achieved.
	www2.slac.stanford.edu /vvc/accelerators/moremagnets.html (155 words)

	The CESR / Synchrotron Tunnel
		The blue boxes are the CESR quadrupole magnets that focus the beams so that particles do not stray too far from the desired path.
		A CESR quadrupole magnet is in the lower left corner (you can see nearly three of the four coils for the poles).
		All that's left are the CUSB magnets, which are the large brown objects on the right of the picture.
	www.lns.cornell.edu /~lyon/cesr/start.html (1282 words)

	Recycler Closed Orbit Distortion Expected from Random Magnetic Element Strength and Alignment Errors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Recycler Ring is constructed from 344 combined function and 88 discrete quadrupole magnets.
		A total rms orbit distortion at any point due to a different set of errors can be calculated by noting that distortions are linear in the corresponding errors and that all distortions add in quadruature.
		For example, if we believe that magnets will be aligned transversely with an rms error of 0.25 mm, then an rms magnet-to-magnet strength variation of 3.7x10-4 contributes only 10% to the expected closed orbit error.
	www-fmi.fnal.gov /fmiinternal/MI_Notes_Pages/MI-0158.html (513 words)

	CERN Courier - quadrupole magnet - IOP Publishing - article
		A prototype superconducting quadrupole magnet under assembly at Fermilab.
		Magnets like these will squeeze the LHC beams and boost the collision rate.
		Such insertion magnets for the LHC are also being supplied by Japan.
	www.cerncourier.com /main/article/41/7/13/1/cernlhc1_9-01 (44 words)

	Tevatron Tunnel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This is a picture of the quadrupole magnet, the yellow one on the left and the cryogenic equipment connected to it on the right.
		The whole ring consists of a pattern of one quadrupole, cryogenics and four dipoles repeated again and again.
		This is a picture of the red dipole magnet and the connecting cryogenics.
	www.eden.rutgers.edu /~dube/magroll1.html (276 words)

	Operation of the HRS Magnets
		This is an abbreviated operating manual for the HRS superconducting magnets specifically designed for Hall A experimenters.
		*Magnet Leads are not bipolar and only work in the PS forward polarity.
		Magnet lead A must be connected to the PS+
	www.wangnmr.com /Operation_HRS_Magnets2.htm (293 words)

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