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Quantitative method - Biocrawler   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03) In the social sciences, particularly in sociology, social anthropology and psychology, the use of one or other type of method has become a matter of controversy and even ideology, with particular schools of thought within each discipline favouring one type of method and pouring scorn on the other. Advocates of quantitative methods arguee that only by using such methods can the social sciences become truly scientific; advocates of qualititative methods arguee that quantitative methods tend to obscure the reality of the social phenomena under study because they underestimate or neglect the non-measurable factors, which may be the most important. Qualitative methods might be used to understand the meaning of the numbers produced by quantitative methods. www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Quantitative_method   (256 words)

Quantitative method   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03) Quantitative methods are research methods concerned with numbers and anything that is quantifyable. Quantitative methods are used in conjunction with qualitative methods. Using qualitative methods it is often possible to understand the meaning of the numbers produced by quantitative methods; using quantitative methods, it is possible to give precise and testable expression to qualitative ideas. www.icyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/q/qu/quantitative_method.html   (239 words)

Quantitative Method for the Determination of ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03) Quantitative Method for the Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Serum A method for the determination of six organochlorine pesticides in human serum is proposed. The method involved pesticide extraction from a serum–silica suspension with n-hexane–acetone (9:1), extract purification using alumina-column chromatography, and analysis of the final extract using gas–liquid chromatography with electron-capture detection. www.jatox.com /abstracts/1996/jan-feb/23-minelli.htm   (183 words)

[No title] The quantitative assay of the principal alkaloid's in the poppy and in opium by micro-measurement Methods for the quantitative determination of the main alkaloids in opium or in total-alkaloid preparations have been described, inter alia, by E. Anneler (1), B. Kljatschkina (2), and D. Adamson, F. Handisyde and H. Hodgson (3). A method is described for the quantitative assay of the principal alkaloids in the poppy and in opium by micro-measurement, based on the isolation and separation of the alkaloids by extraction at various pH-values and subsequent photometric or (for narceine) polarographic measurement. www.unodc.org /unodc/pt/bulletin/bulletin_1958-01-01_3_page007.html?print=yes   (8708 words)

A Principled Complementarity of Method: In Defence of Methodological Eclecticism and the Qualitative-Quantitative Debate For quantitative inquiry, a logic of justification that is epistemologically foundational leads to the position that certain sets of techniques are epistemologically privileged in that their correct application is necessary to achieve validity or to discover how things really are out there. The levels of precision adopted by quantitative researchers vary according to the nature of the data available and the purposes for which their measurements have been carried out...it is also true that adequate precision may not always require the use of numbers. The very fact that the quantitative approach emphasises causality, variables and a heavily pre-structured approach, whilst qualitative research is concerned more with elucidation of subjects' perspectives, process and contextual detail (see Bryman, 1992) means that the resulting data may not be as comparable as advocates of triangulation sometimes argue. www.nova.edu /ssss/QR/QR7-3/roberts.html   (7099 words)

Patent 7,162,372 The quantitative allele peak data for each locus of the set of loci is separately assigned to allele combination that can comprise the genotype profiles of the individuals at each locus of the set of loci. Quantitative allele peak data are used in LSD because allele peak areas are theoretically proportional to the mass of the corresponding DNA alleles in a mixture and because the proportional relationship of allele peak areas is approximately preserved during PCR amplification. Any method that separates amplification products based on size and any method that quantitates the amount of the allele present in the sample can be used to prepare the data required for analysis of genotype profiles in the method. www.pharmcast.com /Patents100/Yr2007/Jan2007/010907/7162372_Deconvolution010907.htm   (3792 words)

Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods: Considering the Possibilities for Enhancing the Study of ... Quantitative research is defined as "the numerical representation and manipulation of observations for the purpose of describing and explaining the phenomena that those observations reflect," and qualitative research is described as "the non-numerical examination and interpretation of observations, for the purpose of discovering underlying meanings and patterns of relationships." Quantitative research is usually linked to the notion of science as objective truth or fact, whereas qualitative research is more often identified with the view that science is lived experience and therefore subjectively determined. When applying quantitative methods, numerical estimation and statistical inference from a generalizable sample are often used in relation to a larger "true" population of interest. www.phac-aspc.gc.ca /publicat/cdic-mcc/18-3/d_e.html   (3971 words)

ARS | Publication request: Confirmatory and Quantitative Analysis of B-Lactam Antibiotics in Bovine Kidney Tissue by ... In consequence, developing simple, rapid, sensitive and quantitative methods for the detection of chemical residues in foods is crucial both for public health as well as facilitating the removal of trade barriers to American food exports caused by dissonant international standards used in the monitoring chemical residues in foods. The method is confirmatory and quantitative in fortified samples below tolerance levels for the five beta-lactam antibiotics that have established tolerances. The method was also tested on 30 incurred bovine kidney samples obtained from the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service which had previously tested the samples using the approved semi-quantitative microbial assay. www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/Publications.htm?seq_no_115=166596   (645 words)

Quantitative Measurement of Indomethacin Crystallinity in Indomethacin-Silica Gel Binary System Using Differential ... Quantitative crystallinity estimation using DSC has been reported, and crystallinity has been calculated by the difference between the heat released for crystallization and the heat required for fusion of the sample divided by the estimated heat of fusion of a 100% crystalline sample. The major issue of using DSC as a quantitative method to measure the crystallinity of a compound comes from the possible phase transformation (between crystalline and amorphous or between one polymorph and another) during the analysis. DSC is a valid quantitative method for measuring the crystallinity of IMC in IMC-SG mixtures. www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt070111   (3960 words)

Rapid and quantitative method of allele-specific DNA methylation analysis | Advance Online Publication | ... The allele-specific methylation was quantitated using Pyrosequencing with allele-specific sequencing primers and the Pyro Gold Reagent kit (Biotage) on a Pyrosequencing 96 HS system (PSQ 96 HS; Biotage) according to the manufacturer's protocol. We quantitated the methylation levels at CpG dinucleotides within the H19 imprinting center in the colorectal cancer cell line, Colo205 (Figure 2), which is heterozygous for a SNP near the H19 imprinting center. The COBRA assay quantitated average methylation of both alleles to be 44%, which is in agreement with the 45% average of combining both G and T alleles from our pyrosequencing analyses (see Supplementary Figure S1 available online at BioTechniques Web page). www.biotechniques.com /default.asp?page=aop&subsection=article_display&display=full&id=112305   (3635 words)

Quantitative analysis of carbohydrates by infrared spectroscopy - Patent 4102646 This invention relates to a method of rapid and precise analysis, both quantitatively and qualitatively, for carbohydrates, and in particular, this invention relates to a method for regular syrups, fructose syrups, and blends of syrups or carbohydrates with sucrose to determine constitutional makeup. The present invention provides a method of rapid quantitative and qualitative analysis of starch, starch derivatives, and all of the specific sugars, examples of which are dextrose, fructose, lactose, galactose, and sucrose whether separate or mixed with each other. This method yields information as to the composition of regular corn syrup, the Dextrose Equivalent (DE), amount of dextrose, etc. The analysis may be performed on water solutions of the compounds, glassy amorphous solids or pelletized solids. www.freepatentsonline.com /4102646.html   (2730 words)

The International Air Cargo Association The quantitative research method will be applied to test one of the hypotheses by means of conducting a passenger and cargo flow study between ten city pairs. Quantitative data arise as numbers, and they are the result of the process of measurement (Kent, 1993, p. The results and analysis of this quantitative study and the qualitative Delphi study are described in the next chapter. www.tiaca.org /content/hamoen4.asp   (2289 words)

A Novel Method for Quantitative Analysis of Apoptosis This method requires as little as 5 ng of DNA and increases the sensitivity of apoptotic DNA detection by at least 200-fold relative to the widely used ethidium staining method. The application of this method in an apoptosis study showed that (a) a time- and dose-dependent increase in the number of DNA strand breaks in apoptotic lymphocytes was induced by dexamethasone, and (b) age-dependent apoptosis occurred in the cardiac tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Thus, this assay is quantitative, simple, sensitive, and useful for assessing apoptosis. info.med.yale.edu /labinvest/abstracts/97months/9712dec/1297004.html   (264 words)

Millipore - Technical Library - MultiScreen Solubility Filter Plate: Quantitative method to determine drug aqueous ... The final drug concentration in the filtrate is determined by dividing the absorbance by the slope of the line from the calibration curve and multiplying by a factor of 1.25 to account for dilution with acetonitrile prior to obtaining the absorbance spectrum. The positive bias, which is somewhat desirable in a screening method, is at least partially attributed to the presence of DMSO in the filter plate assay. For both compounds, a solubility in excess of 350 µM was determined using the MultiScreen Solubility filter plate while the shake-flask method produced values of less than 100 µM. For these two compounds, the presence of 5% DMSO significantly elevates their solubility. www.millipore.com /publications.nsf/docs/an1730en00   (2626 words)

Olson The ongoing argument over the relative merits of what are generally referred to as qualitative and quantitative research is clouded by two problems: 1) lack of coherent definitions, and 2) the focus of most discussions on methods instead of on the basic assumptions of these two stances. The method of this paper is a deconstructive reading which, first, illustrates the arbitrary and fluctuating difference between definitions of qualitative and quantitative research and, second, examines their underlying assumptions. It is true that the positivist approach, with its goal of discerning the statistical regularities of behavior, is oriented toward counting the occurrences and measuring the extent of the behaviors being studied. www.ualberta.ca /dept/slis/cais/olson.htm   (3522 words)

A Method for Quantitative Risk Analysis Quantitative - Identification of where security controls should be implemented and the cost envelope within which they should be implemented. Hybrid method - A selected combination of these two methods can be used to implement the components utilizing available information while minimizing the metrics to be collected and calculated. Quantitative analysis does this as well as identifies the specific envelope in which the losses and safeguards exist. csrc.nist.gov /nissc/1999/program/pamo12.htm   (294 words)

BioMed Central | Full text | Rapid, single-tube method for quantitative preparation and analysis of RNA and DNA in ... Further, this method can be successfully employed for the study of individual cells, as shown by the present report, and is easily adaptable to analysis of subcellular fractions or aliquots from bodily fluids; it also minimizes the use of toxic chemicals and the possibility of contamination, while allowing dry storage of the collected samples. The PurAmp method presented in this study is performed in a single tube from cell lysis to cDNA or genomic DNA amplification, thus eliminating possible loss of template molecules due to procedures such as phase separation and recovery, repeated washing and re-suspension of nucleic acid pellets, elution from binding matrices and vessel-to-vessel transfer. While these methods are valuable for detection of protein-free RNA molecules, they utilize non-denaturing conditions, as clearly demonstrated by the addition of proteic RNase inhibitors to the extraction buffers, and therefore preclude quantitative analysis of DNA [6] as well as of protein-bound RNA pools. www.biomedcentral.com /1472-6750/5/2   (7559 words)

Commentary on Quantitative Methods in I-O Research If a researcher focuses too much on methods, he or she may formulate research questions based on methodology, or may choose to study trivial questions that can be studied using a fashionable technique. Methods called hierarchical linear modeling or multilevel modeling (Bryk and Raudenbush, 1992) provide a framework for specifying and fitting models to multilevel data, where units at one level (e.g., individuals) are nested within units at another level (e.g., organizations) and variables may be measured at both levels. A discussion of this method is provided by Singer and Willett (1991), and an illustration of event history analysis of employee turnover is presented by Dickter, Roznowski, and Harrison (1996). www.siop.org /tip/backissues/TIPApril98/MacCallum.aspx   (5473 words)

BioMedical Engineering OnLine | Full text | Facilitating arrhythmia simulation: the method of quantitative cellular ... Quantitative multicellular modeling with extended cellular automata is a highly efficient and widely applicable method to weave experimental data at different levels into computational models. In the present study, we propose a method using an extended, quantitative cellular automaton to build a discrete whole heart model with the data of the Visible Human Project (VHP) male cadaver [17]. The method we adopt here is to make a runtime traverse from the source cell to the field point and meanwhile check the conductivity of each tissue and determine the 1-D space it occupies. www.biomedical-engineering-online.com /content/3/1/29   (7267 words)

Novel Mathematical Method for Quantitative Expression of Deviation from the Higuchi Model The method is exemplified for 2 dosage forms (tablets of diltiazem HCl and microspheres of diclofenac sodium) that are designed to release the drug over a 12-hour period. The proposed method may be used for comparing formulated products during the research and development stage, for quality control of the products, or for promoting products by comparing performance of the test product with that of the innovator’s product. The method is exemplified for 2 dosage forms (tablets and microspheres) that are designed to release drug over a 12-hour period. www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt010431&pdf=yes   (2302 words)

Uses of Food Consumption and Anthropometric Surveys in the Caribbean In Chapter 3, both quantitative and qualitative approaches to dietary assessments that are of particular relevance to the Caribbean are described, and their strengths and limitations highlighted. This method is useful for identifying actual dietary practices and for delineating facilitators and barriers to recommended practices such as in young child feeding. Qualitative methods will provide context to the quantitative findings and ground them in a specific cultural context, and in this way provide a much broader and deeper analytical and interpretative framework than could be obtained from either of the two methods being used independently. www.fao.org /docrep/008/y5825e/y5825e07.htm   (2695 words)

quantitative method: essayshotline.com- essays hotline, term papers hotline, book report hotline, research papers ... On essayshotline.com there are hundreds of free essay abstracts written by your fellow college students on quantitative method. All of the essay abstracts on quantitative method can be instantly downloaded from essayshotline.com. If you can't find the right free essay on quantitative method, we will be happy to provide you with a custom essay that you need. www.essayshotline.com /cat/paper/407/quantitative-method.html   (421 words)

Clinical Trial: Protein Synthesis in the Brain of Patients With Fragile X Syndrome The PET method was adapted from the autoradiographic L [1 (14)C]leucine method; it uses L [1 (11)C]leucine as the PET tracer, dynamic scanning, and a kinetic modeling approach for quantification. This method was validated in nonhuman primates by comparison of PET measurements with those based on established biochemical and autoradiographic techniques. Ultimately the method may have widespread applications, not only for the study of normal development and plasticity but also in clinical medicine, e.g., in the investigation of disorders of brain development, recovery from brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. clinicaltrials.gov /ct/show/NCT00362843?order=1   (1916 words)

Quantitative Method to Determine Software Maintenance Life Cycle This study provides a quantitative method to estimate the uncertainty and to help managers forecast the demands of maintenance. Since the accuracy of maintenance request forecast depends on predictable regimes of demands, the method first hypothesizes a non-stationary, life-cycle model for the basic regimes of different types of maintenance requests. The method then includes ways to characterize the distributions of different types of requests, monitor their evolution, and determine the shifting of regimes on which the managers base their planning decisions. csdl.computer.org /comp/proceedings/icsm/2004/2213/00/22130232abs.htm   (277 words)

Quantitative method - Definition, explanation A group offering a software package and method of analysis that puports to give quantitative and qualitative information. a technical paper, presenting the development of a quantitative method for predicting when electrospinning occurs, based on the... The author describes a method to conduct an interpretive synthesis of qualitative research... www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/q/qu/quantitative_method.php   (460 words)

Deterrence, Nuclear Force and Quantitative Method Both groups are trying to be quantitative and methodologically clean in their analyses of deterrence, and both end up being decidedly qualitative throughout. Recognizing that no science is perfect, one must ask if one is being too harsh in laying judgment on either the quantitative or qualitative approach to social science, since both are trying to achieve the same goals. The rigorous method sought after by Huth and Russett through quantitativity is an admirable enterprise, if imperfect, as is the recognition of the limits of this approach by Lebow and Stein. www.hfienberg.com /irtheory/deterrence.html   (1359 words)

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