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Topic: Queensland Lungfish

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Australian Lungfish

Lung Fish

Amphibian

Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Scientific classification

Conservation status

Biology

Animal

Labyrinthodontia

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	Ecology and demography of the Queensland lungfish Neoceratodus forsteri in the Burnett River, Qld. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Ecology and demography of the Queensland lungfish Neoceratodus forsteri in the Burnett River, Qld.
		Ecology and demography of the Queensland lungfish Neoceratodus forsteri in the Burnett River, Queensland
		Several aspects of lungfish ecology were investigated to determine the impact of Walla Weir and future river regulation on the long-term viability of lungfish populations in the Burnett River.
	www2.dpi.qld.gov.au /far/12588.html (450 words)

	Australian Lungfish
		Lungfish show considerable reluctance to seek out new spawning grounds and if one that has been used in the past becomes unsuitable due to exposure caused by river regulation (for example), the fish simply re-absorb the eggs and milt and return again the following year.
		Lungfish are easily identified by their long heavy body, large heavy overlapping scales, small eyes and sturdy pectoral and pelvic fins resembling flippers.
		Lungfish eggs stuck to aquatic vegetation have been collected after spawning and each egg is surrounded by a gelatenous coating similar to that of a frog.
	www.nativefish.asn.au /lungfish.html (1004 words)

	Fish note - Queensland lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The lungfish is a cartilaginous fish with small eyes and teeth in the form of crushing plates.As the name suggests, lungfish have the ability to supplement their respiration using a modified swim bladder (lung) to inhale air at times of poor water quality or increased activity.
		Lungfish vary in colour from dull brown to olive green dorsally, whilst the ventral surface varies from cream to a vivid orange colour.
		Lungfish generally inhabit still or slow-flowing streams or deep pools and can be found in clear or turbid waters.
	www2.dpi.qld.gov.au /fishweb/2609.html (557 words)

	Encyclopedia
		The Queensland lungfish, sometimes called a “living fossil,” is a fish that breathes with a single lung instead of gills.
		Queensland was Australia’s fastest-growing state in the 1990s; its population increased by 13.1 percent between 1991 and 1996, more than twice the rate for the country as a whole.
		Queensland became a state of the Commonwealth of Australia when the latter was formed in 1901.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?vendorId=FWNE.fw..qu004900.a#FWNE.fw..qu004900.a (757 words)

	Guardian \| Gasping for life (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Pity the poor lungfish: when the world expert on the species wrote a letter to the scientific journal Nature to warn that it faced extinction, the silence outside the scientific community was deafening.
		Queensland lungfish are identical to fossils found in New South Wales, and are closely related to the first vertebrates to crawl on to land 360 million years ago.
		Queensland's Labor government promised the dam would be built before the state's 1998 election, and has no intention of stopping the project.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,5014837-105806,00.html (1041 words)

	Mesozoic Fishes Homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Conservationists in Queensland are fighting to save one of the few remaining unchanged habitats of the Queensland lungfish, and we need the help of concerned scientists overseas to get the species, and the environment, fully protected.
		Three major lungfish habitats in south east Queensland, in the Brisbane, Mary and Burnett Rivers, have already been altered by the construction of weirs and dams, and more water impoundments are planned in the near future.
		Conservation agencies in Queensland are appealing to scientists who have an interest in the Australian lungfish to support their application for protection of the habitat and the species.
	biodb.biology.ualberta.ca /wilson.hp/mesofish/australianlungfish.html (494 words)

	Queensland Lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri
		'Granddad', the octogenarian Queensland Lungfish at the Shedd Aquarium.
		The eyesight of the Queensland Lungfish has been reported to be poor and the location of prey was thought to be based on the sense of smell rather than sight.
		The African lungfish Protopterus annectens is known for its ability to bury in the mud.
	www.amonline.net.au /fishes/fishfacts/fish/nforsteri.htm (769 words)

	LUNG FISH Fish
		Lungfish are best-known for retaining characteristics primitive within the, including the ability to breathe air, and structures primitive within, including the presence of lobed fins with a well-developed internal skeleton.
		The Lungfish may use its gills for breathing underwater; however, should the water become foul, it can use a lung-like sac, rising to "gulp" air in a swift rolling motion at the surface.This species is a native of the Mary and Burnett Rivers (South Africa).
		Lungfish are classified in the phylum Chordata (kôrdā`tə, –dä`–), phylum of animals having a notochord, or dorsal stiffening rod, as the chief internal skeletal support at some stage of their development.
	xoomer.alice.it /fishing_2006/Lung_Fish.html (1894 words)

	A Very Special Fish — Australian Lungfish under Threat Petition
		Of all living fish groups, the lungfish are the closest relatives of the land vertebrates – the amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, including ourselves.
		Lungfish were abundant 400 million years ago, during the Devonian (the “Age of Fish”) but have now dwindled to only three kinds, respectively living in South America, Africa and Australia.
		Dams thus pose a mortal threat to the long-term survival of the lungfish populations.
	www.thepetitionsite.com /takeaction/610807318 (1062 words)

	Macquarie University News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		That the lungfish has survived for so long is truly remarkable, but what is even more important to scientists is that this bizarre creature hopped off the evolutionary escalator at a crucial moment in the history of life on Earth - just before the journey from water to land.
		Like mammals, the lungfish secretes hormones to stimulate reproduction, and its leg-like fins, grinding teeth and internal nostrils are obviously pre-adaptions for a life on land.
		The Queensland lungfish is under threat because most of them are adults who live for a very long time, and spawning is decreasing.
	www.pr.mq.edu.au /macnews/ShowItem.asp?ItemID=69 (988 words)

	Lungfish - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The bones of the skull roof in primitive lungfish are covered in a mineralized tissue called cosmine, but in post-devonian lungfishes, the skull roof is subdermal and the cosmine covering is lost.
		African and South American lungfish are capable of surviving seasonal desiccation of habitats by burrowing into mud and estivating throughout the dry season.
		While Devonian lungfish retain enough ossification of the endocranium to determine relationships, post-Devonian lungfish are represented entirely by skull roofs and teeth, as the rest of the skull is cartilaginous.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lungfish (666 words)

	Queensland Lungfish - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Queensland Lungfish, also known as Burnett Salmon and Barramunda, is the sole member of the family Ceratodontidae, and one of the only six lungfish species that remain.
		Also known as the Australian Lungfish, this creature normally uses its gills for respiration, but is also capable of taking in oxygen from the air when water quality is poor, or there are low dissolved oxygen levels, such as when water temperatures are high during summer.
		Previously lungfish were considered to be the direct ancestors of amphibians, but now a common ancestor is recognised, although lungfishes did appear early in the history of vertebrates.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Queensland_Lungfish (389 words)

	Burke's Backyard Archives 1998 - Lungfish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The lungfish occupies a unique place in evolution, some experts believing it to be a link between the fishes and the land animals.
		Lungfish also have internal nostrils, (different to fishes which have external nostrils) and this provides another link to land animals.
		Now the Australian lungfish is endangered with the natural habitat limited to the Mary and Burnett Rivers between Nambour and Bundaberg in south-east Queensland.
	www.burkesbackyard.com.au /1998/archives/26?p=2673 (519 words)

	Threatened Fauna Report
		Queensland Lungfish requires shallow flowing riffles and glides amongst dense beds of submerged aquatic plants to lay its eggs on.
		Riffles and pools are essential habitat for the Mary River Cod and Queensland Lungfish, with the Cod relying on deep shaded pools to breed and spawn in and the Lungfish needing riffles with aquatic plants to lay their eggs on.
		Large woody debris is essential for the spawning and refuge of the Mary River Cod and habitat for the Queensland Lungfish and Mary River Turtle.
	www.savethemaryriver.com /_mgxroot/page_10753.html (1615 words)

	Queensland Lungfish
		The Queensland Lungfish is fully protected and may not be captured without a special permit.
		Australia is a signatory to CITES and has strict regulations on the export of the Queensland Lungfish.
		The Queensland Lungfish has a long, heavy body with large scales, small eyes and paddle-like pectoral and pelvic fins.
	www.sweetwaterfishing.com.au /Lungfish.htm (427 words)

	Australian Museum Collections - Ichthyology - Australian Lungfish
		The Queensland Lungfish is found in river systems in south-eastern Queensland, normally occurring in still or slow flowing pools.
		During the 1800s the Queensland Lungfish was well known and eaten as the 'Burnett Salmon' because of its pink flesh.
		The Queensland Lungfish is now fully protected and may not be captured without a special permit.
	www.amonline.net.au /collections/ichthyology/lungfish.htm (303 words)

	Neoceratodus forsteri (Queensland Lungfish, Australian Lungfish) listing advice
		The Australian Lungfish is restricted to south-eastern Queensland, with its natural distribution being the Mary, Burnett and, possibly, Brisbane and North Pine Rivers.
		One viewpoint is that the current natural distribution of the Australian Lungfish is the Mary and Burnett River systems with translocated populations surviving in the Brisbane and North Pine Rivers and Enoggera Reservoir.
		As Australian Lungfish are slow-growing and long-lived, fluctuations in the adult population are expected to occur slowly.
	www.deh.gov.au /biodiversity/threatened/species/n-forsteri.html (1933 words)

	Lungfish - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Lungfishes are sarcopterygian fish that can breathe air (and in some species are obligate air-breathers), and have limb-like appendages instead of fins.
		There are six living species known; four in Africa, and one each in South America and Australia.
		Taxonomy of lungfishes presents some difficulty because of their resemblances to both fish and land-dwelling vertebrates, and have been classified in a variety of ways, ranging from class Dipnoi, to infraclass Dipnomorpha, to order Dipteriformes.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Lungfish (229 words)

	Queensland Lungfish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A Queensland lungfish is a fish that lives in Australia.
		The Queensland lungfish spawn at night during the months of August and October.
		The lungfish have poor eyesight and use their sense of smell to find food.
	www.murrieta.k12.ca.us /alta/sdrouillard/2006/jacob/fish.html (84 words)

	Australian Lungfish
		Lungfish belong to the sarcopterygians or lobe-finned fish, of which the only other living group are the coelacanths, found in deep water off the coast of Africa (primarily around the Comoro Islands) and very recently discovered also off the islands of Indonesia.
		In Lungfish lab are a number of projects, all of which are exploiting the very special phylogenetic position of our lungfish as the closest living fish to the tetrapod ancestors.
		Having said this, the phylogenetic position of lungfish has been very controversial since they were first described as a distinct group of fish in the latter half of the 19th century, and to some extent remains so today.
	www.bio.mq.edu.au /dept/centres/lungfish/australianlungfish.html (667 words)

	7.30 Report - 22/06/2006: Dam proposal threatens ancient fish, critics say
		The Queensland lungfish is listed as a vulnerable species and is only found in only two river systems.
		Opponents of the dam say the lungfish is one of a number of species that could be wiped out, and are looking for federal intervention.
		She argues the Queensland lungfish gives scientists a rare insight into how life on earth moved from the sea to land.
	www.abc.net.au /7.30/content/2006/s1669697.htm (936 words)

	Lungfish in aquarium
		Lungfish can survive in poorly aerated waters since they have lungs which make its possible for them to obtain oxygen directly from the air.
		Lungfish have been around since the Lower Devonian era and during earlier stages of the planets history there existed much more than six lungfish species.
		The largest Lungfish is one of the African lungfish species, a fish which can reach a maximal size of 2 metres / 6 feet which makes it unsuitable for hobbyist aquariums.
	www.petcaregrooming.com /fish/lungfish_in_aquarium.html (640 words)

	Evolution and the Australian Lungfish
		Dr Paul Willis, Reporter: This is the Queensland Lungfish - it's a living fossil, these guys lived alongside the dinosaurs and members of this group have been around for 300 million years.
		Narration:The Queensland lungfish has been protected for 100 years and in 2002 was declared vulnerable.
		Professor Jean Joss: Lungfish have been around here for much longer than the dams have, and although the lungfish are a very long lived fish from what we can tell, they're not going to live long enough to adjust to a dam.
	jmm.aaa.net.au /articles/17298.htm (1099 words)

	Public Relations and Marketing
		That the lungfish has survived relatively unchanged for over 300 million years is truly remarkable, but what is even more important to scientists is that this bizarre creature hopped off the evolutionary escalator at a crucial moment in the history of life on Earth - just before the journey from water to land.
		As well as the regular four pairs of gills, for instance, the lungfish has a single lung which it uses to breathe air when it’s very active or when oxygen is low in the water.
		Like mammals, the lungfish secretes hormones to stimulate reproduction, and its leg-like fins, lungs and internal nostrils are obviously pre-adaptions for a life on land.
	www.pr.mq.edu.au /events/index.asp?ItemID=2470 (514 words)

	News from the Valley - Darren E - Can The Queensland Lungfish Use Fish Ladders?
		This article is the result of an attempt to research currently available data on the performance of fishways and fish ladders on the Burnett River with respect to the Queensland Lungfish, and the implications for the proposed Traveston Crossing Dam on the Mary River.
		Another lungfish that was tagged directly upstream of the weir in October 2002 was detected at the upstream fishlock channel on a single occasion on 12th of July 2003.
		It is possible that lungfish may become disoriented as the fishlock chamber fills and fail to find the exit and are remaining in the chamber until it fills again or exit through the downstream fishlock chamber gate.
	www.swampnews.squarespace.com /darren-e/2006/9/29/can-the-queensland-lungfish-use-fish-ladders.html (2988 words)

	Jennifer Marohasy: Lung Fish Can't Breed in Dams: Gubbi Gubbi Aboriginal Elder
		Obviously keeping lungfish as pets is not a popular idea, although quite obviously it would be a quite adequate measure and may well even result in a vast increase in the lungfish population.
		A very credible campaign to save the lungfish would be an "rescue the lungfish" project, involving the purchase of a fish tank of appropriate size and activists delivering, say, a breeding pair along with submersible objects deemed appropriate to the fishes' requirements for daily amusement.
		None of the lungfish I have worked with have limited their growth to their container, they have continued getting longer, and serious spinal problems would have resulted if the container were not subsequently enlarged to accomodate them.
	www.jennifermarohasy.com /blog/archives/001435.html (4857 words)

	The Burnett River Dam: the politics of environmental management in Qld - On Line Opinion - 20/8/2003
		Professor Jean Joss of The Australian Lungfish Research Centre says this situation is exacerbated by the fact that lungfish return to the same spawning site year after year and if the site is unsuitable they will not lay eggs.
		Thus, in an impoundment situation lungfish will not breed again and as they can live to 100 years the problem will go unnoticed until the population is in serious decline, which will be too late.
		Queensland's Environment Minister has admitted that there is a more sustainable development option for water infrastructure in the Burnett but that any evidence showing environmental degradation will not be considered "due to the project being an election promise".
	www.onlineopinion.com.au /view.asp?article=633 (1844 words)

	Water Technology - Burnett Catchment Water Infrastructure Project, Queensland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Queensland Minister for State Development had formally announced the selection of the Burnett Dam Alliance as contractors for the work the previous month, in the wake of the successful completion of two smaller preliminary parts of the project.
		Having received this recommendation, the Queensland Government amended their own legislation to permit 196,000Ml to be extracted from the river and the environmental flows consequently reduced to 72%.
		Studies from the Australian Lungfish Research Centre suggest that this situation is exacerbated by the species' loyalty to ancestral spawning grounds.
	www.water-technology.net /projects/burnett (1249 words)

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