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	544. Quillaia extracts (WHO Food Additives Series 17)
		Quillaia (synonyns; soapbark, soap tree bark, murillo bark, quillaia, Panama bark, Panama wood, and China bark) is the dried inner bark derived of cork of Quillaia saponaria Molina and other species of Quillaia (Rosaceae).
		Quillaia extract is the aqueous extract of the above bark and contains 3 or possibly 4 triterpenoid saponins (2 major, 1 minor, 1 trace) constituting about 10% of the extract.
		This finding was not considered treatment related, since incidence did not increase with level of quillaia extract fed and the total incidence of thyroid adenoma in both sexes fed 1% quillaia extract was not statistically different from the total control incidence (Drake et al., 1982).
	www.inchem.org /documents/jecfa/jecmono/v17je24.htm (0 words)

	Quillaia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Quillaia is the milled inner bark or small stems and branches of the soapbark Quillaja saponaria Molina (family Rosaceae).
		The extract of quillaia is used in the manufacture of food additives (E number 999).
		It contains a high concentration of saponins which is increased by processing and highly purifed quillaia is used to enhance vaccines.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Quillaia (185 words)

	Applied Health Quillaia
		In South America quillaia bark is used in mouthwashes, shampoos and tooth powders to promote the growth of hair, dry up itchy scalp, get rid of dandruff, sterilize tissues, etc. It is also used in vaginal douches, and to treat skin sores, athlete's foot and cough.
		The saponins of Quillaia bark have been used in several studies designed to understand the specific mode of action of saponins on the immune system.
		In large doses Quillaia bark depresses the heart and respiration, and even in reasonable doses can be hemolytic and irritating to gastrointestinal tract, making it an agent of questionable value for internal application.
	www.appliedhealth.com /nutri/page8437.php (463 words)

	QUILLAIA EXTRACTS (JECFA Food Additives Series 48)
		Quillaia extracts (synonyms, soapbark extracts, Quillay bark extracts, bois de Panama, Panama bark extracts, quillai extracts) are obtained by aqueous extraction of the milled inner bark or of the wood of pruned stems and branches of Quillaja saponaria Molina (family Rosaceae).
		The effect of the Quillaia saponin fractions QH-A, QH-B, and QH-C and a crude Quillaia saponin extract (Spikoside) on haemolytic activity, cytotoxicity, and macromolecular synthesis was studied in vitro.
		Quillaia extracts may be used as a foaming agent in soft drinks, such as ginger beer, root beer, and cream soda, in cocktail mixes, and as an emulsifier in other foods, such as baked goods, candies, frozen dairy products, gelatine, and puddings.
	www.inchem.org /documents/jecfa/jecmono/v48je03.htm (0 words)

	U.S. FDA/CFSAN: Agency Response Letter: GRAS Notice No. GRN 000165 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The notice informs FDA of the view of ABA that Quillaia is GRAS, through scientific procedures, for use as a foaming agent in semi-frozen carbonated and non-carbonated beverages at levels not to exceed 500 milligrams/kilogram (dried basis) in beverage concentrate prior to the incorporation of water and carbon dioxide or air in retail establishments.
		Quillaia is obtained by aqueous extraction of the milled inner bark or the wood of pruned stems and branches of Quillaia saponaria.
		Quillaia is composed of triterpenoid saponins consisting of glycosides of quillaic acid.
	www.cfsan.fda.gov /~rdb/opa-g165.html (559 words)

	Quillaia - Uses and Side Effects of Quillaia
		Quillaia extracts are approved for food use and are used as foaming agents in some carbonated beverages and cocktail mixes.
		However, a short-term study in rats and long-term study in mice indicate that quillaia saponins are nontoxic.
		However, quillaia saponins are generally considered to be highly toxic in high doses.
	www.health-care-clinic.org /alternative-medicines/quillaia.html (0 words)

	Soap Tree
		Syrup of guillaia can be utilized as a substitute for syrup of Senega, by adding 4 parts of the fluid extract to 21 parts of syrup, using diluted alcohol as the menstruum.
		In poisoning produced from it, digitalis is indicated, as it is antagonistic to Saponin.Saponin is contained in agrostemma seeds, and has caused death; the symptoms were headache, vertigo, vomiting, hot skin, rapid feeble pulse, progressive muscular weakness, and finally coma.
		Quillaia bark is used in its native country for washing clothes, and in this country is used by manufacturers and cleaners for washing or cleaning delicate materials.
	www.nisbett.com /herbs/s/soaptr60.html (505 words)

	FoodFacts: Ingredient Glossary
		Extract The distilled or evaporated oils of foods or plants (such as nuts, seeds, fruits, vegetables, herbs, spices, bark, buds, roots, leaves, meat, poultry, seafood, fish, dairy foods, or eggs) that are dissolved in an alcohol base or allowed to dry to be used as a flavoring.
		Quillalia - Garuda International's Quillaja (quillaia) extract is an ingredient made from the concentrated purified extract of the outer cambium layer of the Quillaja Saponaria Molina tree, commonly identified as quillay bark, or soap bark, native to Chile.
		Quillaia raw material has been used for decades as an ingredient to create the foaming in beverages such as root beer, low-alcohol beers and foaming carbonated beverages.
	www.foodfacts.com /public/glossary.cfm?c=q (6601 words)

	Quillaja (Quillaia) Saponaria Extract Powder, 100% Food Grade Raw Material Overview
		Garuda International's Quillaja (quillaia) extract is an ingredient made from the concentrated purified extract of the outer cambium layer of the Quillaja Saponaria Molina tree, commonly identified as quillay bark, or soap bark, native to Chile.
		Quillaja (quillaia) is a natural GRAS (generally recognized as safe) food-grade surfactant ingredient (raw material) rich in saponins and sapogenins.
		Quillaia raw material has been used for decades as an ingredient to create the foaming in beverages such as root beer, low-alcohol beers and foaming carbonated beverages.
	www.garudaint.com /product.php?id=15 (561 words)

	Quillaja (quillaia) Refined Saponins Raw Material - 70% Overview
		Quillaja (quillaia) Refined Saponins Raw Material - 70% Overview
		Quillaja (quillaia) Refined Saponins Raw Material - 70%
		Garuda International's Quillaja extract is the concentrated purified extract of the outer cambium layer of the Quillaja Saponaria Molina tree, commonly identified as quillay bark, or soap bark, native to Chile.
	www.garudaint.com /product.php?id=17 (0 words)

	Tincture Of Quillaia Saponaria
		Having had some experience in the use of quillaia bark for other than strictly medicinal purposes, I had long ago come to the conclusion that an aqueous menstruum was the most suitable for extracting its active constituents.
		I was therefore somewhat surprised to find that the formula given by the British Pharmaceutical Conference Committee directed the tincture to be made with rectified spirit.
		The B.P.C. formulary does not specify the part of quillaia bark to be used.
	www.harvestfields.ca /HerbBooks/01/10/01/004.htm (663 words)

	Foaming Agents (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Quillaia extract is a purified extract of the outer cambium layer of Quillaia Saponaria Molina, or Quillay Bark.
		The Quillaia tree is native to Peru and Chile, and cultivated in Northern Hindustan.
		Quillaia bark infusion has good foam capabilities due to the presence of saponin, a non-poisonous, white powder.
	www.chm.bris.ac.uk /webprojects2001/anderson/foamingagents.htm (86 words)

	GrokFood - QUILLAIA EXTRACTS - Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
		Prepared at the 55th JECFA (2000) and published in FNP 52 Add 8 (2000), superseding tentative specifications prepared at the 29th JECFA (1985) and published in FNP 34 (1986) and in FNP 52 (1992).
		Quillaia extracts (QE) contain a number of triterpenoid saponins (QS) consisting of glycosides of quillaic acid, some sugars (including glucose, galactose, arabinose, xylose and rhamnose) along with polyphenols (including tannins), calcium oxalate and other minor components.
		Quillaia extracts are available commercially as “non-refined” and “semi-refined” extracts, each of which may be sold as aqueous solutions or as dried powders.
	www.grokfood.com /jecfa/additive_0817.htm (768 words)

	Quillaia at AllExperts
		Quillaia is the milled inner bark or small stems and branches of the soapbark Quillaja saponaria Molina (family Rosaceae).
		The extract of quillaia is used in the manufacture of food additives (E number 999).
		It contains a high concentration of saponins which is increased by processing and highly purifed quillaia is used to enhance vaccines.
	en.allexperts.com /e/q/qu/quillaia.htm (219 words)

	Quillaia - Definitions from Dictionary.com
		saponine.] (Chem.) A poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort (Saponaria), in the bark of soap bark (Quillaia), etc. It is extracted as a white amorphous powder, which occasions a soapy lather in solution, and produces a local an[ae]sthesia.
		Formerly called also struthiin, quillaiin, senegin, polygalic acid, etc. By extension, any one of a group of related bodies of which saponin proper is the type.
		Perform a new search, or try your search for "Quillaia" at:
	dictionary.reference.com /browse/Quillaia (98 words)

	Tincture Of Quillaia Saponaria
		Having had some experience in the use of quillaia bark for other than strictly medicinal purposes, I had long ago come to the conclusion that an aqueous menstruum was the most suitable for extracting its active constituents.
		I was therefore somewhat surprised to find that the formula given by the British Pharmaceutical Conference Committee directed the tincture to be made with rectified spirit.
		The B.P.C. formulary does not specify the part of quillaia bark to be used.
	www.harvestfields.netfirms.com /HerbBooks/01/10/01/004.htm (663 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Quillaia extract- They contain different types of sugar and give the root beer a sweet taste.
		Quillaia extract contains saponins which in turn contain alcohol.
		Gum Acacia- It is used to prevent the formation of ice crystals and stablizes foaming in beer.
	www.niles-hs.k12.il.us /rutgle/bioclass/carolp/effect_of_each_ingredient.htm (269 words)

	ISCOMs: an adjuvant with multiple functions
		Quil A is a semi-purified fraction of Quillaia saponins with a standardized triterpenoid saponin content and less local toxicity than crude saponin [17, 18].
		Although suitable for veterinary applications, Quil A was considered unsatisfactory for human applications because it, and other similar preparations, has been found to be a heterogenous mixture of dozens of closely related saponins [7, 19-25].
		This is supported by the finding that immunization with influenza-ISCOMs required 6-10 times less Quil A to induce the same magnitude of antibody responses as influenza antigen administered with Iscom Matrix [80].
	www.utoronto.ca /virology/mby480/lectures/Iscom/713iscom.html (9814 words)

	CSIRO PUBLISHING - Australian Journal of Chemistry (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Light scattering, viscometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, electron microscopy and equilibrium dialysis have been used to study the aggregates formed by the interactions of saponins and bile acids in aqueous solution.
		Purified saponins from three plant sources were used: commercial 'saponin white' (from Saponaria officinalis), quillaia saponin (from Quillaia saponaria), and saponin from soya beans.
		Saponin white and quillaia saponin gave filamentous structures with the hydrophobic triterpene groups of the saponin forming elongated stacks interleaved with bile acid anions.
	www.publish.csiro.au /nid/51/paper/CH9861671.htm (212 words)

	Definition of Quillaia from dictionary.net
		(Chem.) A poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort (Saponaria), in the bark of soap bark (Quillaia), etc. It is extracted as a white amorphous powder, which occasions a soapy lather in solution, and produces a local an[ae]sthesia.
		Formerly called also struthiin, quillaiin, senegin, polygalic acid, etc. By extension, any one of a group of related bodies of which saponin proper is the type.
		Define quillaia and 150,000 other words at dictionary.net
	www.dictionary.net /quillaia (86 words)

	Amazon.com: quillaia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Purified water PVP Pyridoxine dicaprylate Quillaia Saponaria Bark extract Retinol Retinol...
		levels of use of quillaia extracts permitted in the draft...
		using the natural saponin of quillaia bark as a dispersing agent.
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=quillaia&tag=lexico&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (1050 words)

	Patent 6,855,342
		The delivered sulfur may be from the sulfur, sulfur derivatives or a combination thereof.
		Bois de Panama which is a propylene glycol and water mixture or Quillaia Vegetol.RTM.
		At 24 hours, the skin was removed from each cell and the amount of radio-labeled sulfur was determined: (a) on the surface of and within the stratum corneum; (b) within the epidermis and within the dermis; and (c) within the reservoir underneath the skin which represents the amount passing through the skin.
	www.pharmcast.com /Patents100/Yr2005/Feb2005/021505/6855342_Sulfur021505.htm (2397 words)

	Hank's Vanilla Cream Soda - Spike's Root Beer Ratings and Reviews
		Filtered carbonated water, high fructose corn syrup, natural and artificial flavors, sodium benzoate (a preservative), citric acid and quillaia.
		Then throw in "quillaia", something I've never heard of and suddenly I'm scared of this stuff.
		Quillaia, aka soapbark, (a name obviously not created by a marketeer...if that were the case then it would be called "flavortron" or "tastetosterone".
	www.rootbeerreviews.com /others/hanks_cream.html (212 words)

	QUILLAIA EXTRACT POWDER
		Product code: QUEXT100 Description: Quilaia Extract Powder is a purified extract of the outer cambium layer of Quillaia Saponaria Molina commonly indentified as Quillay Bark.
		Quillaia Extract Powder is a spray dried, light beige free flowing powder.
		REGULATORY: Quillaia is approved for use in Food and Beverages by The United States FDA under title 21 CFR 172.510 and bears FEMA number 2973.
	www.cowcium.com /dquill.htm (133 words)

	Be™ Volumizing Shampoo
		You may have been born with thin hair, but now Mother Nature can give you fuller, thicker tresses.
		Using nourishing treats from nature, Be™ Volumizing Shampoo gives flat hair a boost with this weightless wash. Energizing extracts of wild cherry bark and quillaia naturally provide fullness to fine hair, while exclusive SoyActiv™ Nutrition fortifies strands against breakage.
		Quillaia extract helps increase hair volume and lift.
	www.debodywellness.com /haircare/be/volumizing-shampoo.html (93 words)

	Nutrition Facts (Site not responding. Last check: )
		High fructose corn syrup, water, citric acid, artificial and natural flavors, quillaia, sodium benzoate, yucca extract, red 40
		High fructose corn syrup, water, sodium citrate, quillaia, yucca extract, sodium benzoate, natural flavors, yellow 5
		Liquid Ice is an independent company and is not affiliated with The Coca-Cola Company.
	www.liquidiceusa.com /nutrition_facts.htm (166 words)

	whitetruffle.html
		The flower is known to have excellent rejuvenating and conditioning benefits for the scalp and hair cuticle, as well as an alluring fragrance.
		from the 50-foot Quillaia tree, was deemed to have enchanted properties such as the ability to promote hair growth.
		Aware that the bark contained the most naturally delicate cleansing agents available, Moroccan royalty used the bark in their hair treatments.
	www.bruceallan.com /whitetruffle.html (307 words)

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