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Topic: RP (complexity)

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computational complexity theory

complex analysis

complexity theory

complex plane

Complexity classes P and NP

complexity class

complex conjugate

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	RP (complexity) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In complexity theory, RP ("randomized polynomial time") is the complexity class of problems for which a probabilistic Turing machine exists with these properties:
		Connection to P and NP is a subset of RP, which is a subset of NP.
		An alternative characterization of RP that is sometimes easier to use is the set of problems recognizable by nondeterministic Turing machines where the machine accepts if and only if at least some constant fraction of the computation paths, independent of the input size, accept.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/RP_(complexity) (620 words)

	RP - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The set RP will contain exactly the same problems, even if the 1/2 is replaced by any constant nonzero probability less then 1.
		However, it is believed that either P ≠; RP or RP ≠ NP, since otherwise P = NP, which is widely believed to be false.
		It is also not known whether RP = Co-RP, or whether RP is a subset of the intersection of NP and Co-NP.
	www.free-web-encyclopedia.com /?t=RP (354 words)

	RP: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Complexity theory is part of the theory of computation dealing with the resources required during computation to solve a given problem....
		In complexity theory, bpp is the class of decision problemdecision problems solvable by a probabilistic turing machine in polynomial time, with an error probability...
		In complexity theory, zpp (zero-error probabilistic polynomial time) is the set of problems for which a probabilistic turing machine exists with these properties...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/rp/rp1.htm (1193 words)

	Iteni Group Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The RP were firstly introduced by Eckmann et al in [2] as a tool to describe non linear dynamic systems without constraint such as system stationariety, dynamical noise and transient phenomena that typically characterise normal physiological systems.
		In fact, RP can take single physiological measurements and identify time correlations (recurrences) that are not apparent in the original scalar time serie.
		The RP analysed in this study are relevant to VEP intervals as derived by continuous EEG monitoring (1 KHz frequency sampling) in 100 consecutive tracing.
	www.ifc.cnr.it /iteni/complex.html (627 words)

	Computational Complexity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Complexity theory defines these notions and classifies the computational problems according to their computational hardness, that is, their "complexity." In this course we will cover the basics of complexity theory.
		Space complexity and the relation between deterministic and non-deterministic complexity classes (Savitch's and Immerman-Szelepcsenyi's Theorems).
		Introduction to Complexity Theory, by Oded Goldreich in the Weizmann Institute.
	www.cs.bgu.ac.il /~beimel/Courses/complexity2001 (284 words)

	[No title]
		Complexity classes: * P: Informally, the set of all problems with algorithms that run in O(p), where p is some polynomial function of the input size.
		Kolmogoroff Complexity * A string (or set) is characterized by the length of the shortest program (in some language) that produces (or decides) it.
		The "linear complexity" of a finite sequence is the smallest n for which some LFSR produces the string.
	www.cs.rochester.edu /u/nelson/courses/cryptology/notes/lecture_07.txt (1891 words)

	Is CNC Machining Really Better Than RP?
		RP is sensitive to many factors that affect the quality of the prototype.
		RP: Ra 100 to 600 microinch (2.5 to 15 microns)
		The age of RP technologies ranges from one to 15 years, which means that one can expect varying degrees of reliability.
	www.tagrimm.com /publications/perspectives-jan2003.html (1358 words)

	Feature Article - Is CNC Machining Really Better Than RP? - 06/03
		RP and CNC machining both have staunch supporters that tout the benefits of their preferred technology.
		While RP has progressed to layer thicknesses of 0.0005 to 0.001 inch (0.0125 to 0.025 mm) for some technologies, the layer striations and stairstepping still affect surface finish.
		The age of RP technologies ranges from one to fifteen years, which means that one can expect varying degrees of reliability.
	www.moldmakingtechnology.com /articles/060306.html (1297 words)

	OMW Corporation:Prototyping
		Cost is generally less for small quantities of highly complex parts, since the cost of RP parts is more dependent on part size and volume than on complexity.
		In addition, although RP parts are quite accurate, with layer thickness of.010” or.25mm and resolution in the X and Y direction of better than.005” or.1mm, they still do not reach the level of accuracy of CNC machining.
		RP orders are often completed in less than a week, often in 1-2 days, depending on size and finish requirements.
	www.omwcorp.com /proto.shtml (999 words)

	Complexity classes P and NP - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Computational complexity theory is part of the theory of computation dealing with the resources required during computation to solve a given problem.
		While this is a common and reasonably accurate assumption in complexity theory, it is not always true in practice, for several reasons:
		This is in fact a common approach to attack problems in NP not known to be in P (see RP, BPP).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Complexity_classes_P_and_NP (2868 words)

	ZPP - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The class ZPP is exactly equal to the intersection of the classes RP and Co-RP.
		Suppose we have a language L recognized by both the RP algorithm A and the (possibly completely different) co-RP algorithm B. Given an input in L, run A on the input.
		To show that ZPP is contained in RP intersect co-RP, suppose we have a Las Vegas algorithm C to solve a problem.
	www.objectsspace.com /encyclopedia/index.php/ZPP (590 words)

	Teaching nondeterminism as a special case of randomization - I. Wegener - 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Complexity theory has the task to describe complexity classes related to randomized algorithms.
		The complexity classes on the left side of Figure 1 contain problems which can be solved efficiently, while the complexity classes on the right side seem to be of no practical use.
		PP is always considered as a complexity class for randomized computations while NP is usually considered as a complexity class for nondeterministic computations.
	www.informatica-didactica.de /InformaticaDidactica/Wegener2001a (2917 words)

	[No title]
		In this role, a network is trained to recognize complex associations between inputs and outputs that were presented during a supervised training cycle.
		A possible line of work deals with sample complexity questions, that is, the quantification of the amount of information (number of samples) needed in order to characterize a given unknown mapping.
		Remark 1.1 Hence, to prove that a class of representations of an architecture A is not learnable, it is sufficient to prove that it is not (ffl; ffi)-learnable for some particular values of ffl and ffi, and some particular distributions D+ and D\Gamma.
	www.math.rutgers.edu /~sontag/complexity-training.html (11412 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		All RP's indicate their willingness to be an RP to the Boot-Strap Router (BSR) for the domain, and the BSR floods this information through the domain using a flooding algorithm.
		A new type of tree, the (,,RP) tree, is composed of all groups that map to a certain RP.
		The goals are to minimize globally-distributed RP information, to provide locality of RP selection, and to use an algorithmic mapping into a list of RP's as in PIMv2.
	sunsite.utk.edu /ftp/pub/ietf/idmr/idmr-minutes-96jun.txt (1887 words)

	rp (Bloc1s3) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Mutation in the Bloc1s3 gene is the cause of reduced pigmentation (rp) mutant (Starcevic, et al).
		Reduced pigmentation (rp), a new coat colour gene with effects on kidney lysosomal glycosidases in the mouse.
		Pallidin is a component of a multi-protein complex involved in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles.
	falcon.roswellpark.org /HPSD/rp.htm (792 words)

	[No title]
		Complexity theory gives us a way of talking about this in a formal sense.
		Problem is in RP if there exists randomized poly-time algorithm A such that: if x is a YES instance then Pr(A(x) = YES) >= 1/2 if x is a NO instance, then Pr(A(x) = YES) == 0 E.g., we showed the problem "Is x composite?" is in RP.
		If they are the same, that would mean that any problem with the property that you could verify a solution quickly also has a fast way of finding the solution.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs.cmu.edu/academic/class/15451-s99/www/lectures/lect0415 (1105 words)

	Phelan, Mol Vis 2000; 6:116-124. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In summary, a typical case of RP will show atrophy and pigmentary changes to the retina and RPE, early night blindness, loss of the visual fields, loss of central visual acuity, attenuation of the retinal vasculature, and changes to the optic nerve head during the course of the disease.
		In general, RP genes are known or expected to be expressed in the photoreceptor cells of the retina or in the RPE.
		Rhodopsin mutations are the most common cause of RP, and account for as many as 1/3 of the 16% of RP cases that are autosomal dominant, as well as rare cases of autosomal recessive RP [1,35].
	www.molvis.org /molvis/v6/a16 (7346 words)

	RP's Frequently Asked Questions.
		RP circumvents complexity by reducing all geometries to a series of simple layers.
		The selection of additive technology is thus largely a matter of determining that a particular geometry demands it.
		Thus, RP is the enabling technology for controlled material composition as well as for geometric control.
	home.att.net /~castleisland/faq/faq100.htm (395 words)

	B-291345; B-291345.2, Consolidated Engineering Services, Inc., December 23, 2002
		These may include, but are not limited to, experience with: operation and maintenance of central plant facilities, operation and maintenance of large utility distribution systems, coordination with on-going adjacent renovation projects, integrated environmental management as part of operation and maintenance of facilities.
		The Government will also be evaluating the experience of the Offeror with the type equipment and the complexity of the systems that are represented at the [HandRP] (see [§] L-5.1.2) to assess the Offeror's ability to perform the requirements of operating and maintaining the plant.
		As explained by the TEC representative, “[t]he size and complexity [in § L-5.1.2 of the RFP] in some cases is 50 times smaller than what you experience at the Pentagon; in other cases about a quarter to a half.” Tr.
	www.gao.gov /decisions/bidpro/291345.htm (4406 words)

	GIS - Computational Problems: Advanced Problems
		Section 4.2 details techniques for error analysis as well as the estimation of complexity in GIS algorithms, both of which are required for the design and implementation of accurate, efficient software.
		The difficult problem of automatic analysis of stereophotogrammetric data is presented in Section 4.3, and an extension of this problem to multi-modal GIS (e.g., derived and measured elevation data) is discussed in Section 4.4.
		The analysis of complexity in GIS algorithms is summarized in Section 4.2.5.
	www.cise.ufl.edu /~mssz/GIS/GIS-prob3.html (4639 words)

	Complexity Zoo - Qwiki
		Roughly, the analogue of #P for parameterized complexity.
		In descriptive complexity, uniform AC can be characterized as the class of problems expressible by first-order predicates with addition and multiplication operators - or indeed, with ordering and multiplication, or ordering and division (see [Lee02]).
		The class of decision problems reducible in L to the problem of computing the determinant of an n-by-n matrix of n-bit integers.
	qwiki.caltech.edu /wiki/Complexity_Zoo (6370 words)

	DFMA to RP, ASAP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Manufacturers also have begun to complement their RP practices by the use of design for manufacture and assembly methodology.
		Design for assembly lowers the complexity of products through parts reduction—that is, elimination or consolidation—and enables manufacturers to quantify assembly times and costs.
		Machining and tolerances are areas where the use of DFMA and RP are of particular benefit, according to Bradford.
	www.memagazine.org /backissues/september99/features/dfma/dfma.html (1536 words)

	NCSE Resource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Slide: The reason why the evolution of biochemical complexity cannot be explained in principle is irreducible complexity.
		For Professor Dembski's specified complexity and, um, his uh, his explanatory filter he cites irreducible complexity as a specific instance, a case of specified complexity.
		If we can find a case where irreducible, irreducible complexity fails, then it seems as though we have immediately a case of specified complexity failing.
	www.ncseweb.org /resources/articles/923_part_08_dr_michael_behe_dr_10_31_2002.asp (954 words)

	Table of Contents
		In the case of oral movements, the RP may be affected by the complexity or linguistic nature of the tasks.
		Results suggest that the RP recorded at the vertex site is sensitive to changes in task complexity.
		The RP did not reflect lateralized activity indicative of hemispheric dominance.
	www.asha.org /about/publications/journal-abstracts/jshr/36/05?articleabstract=897 (284 words)

	Computational Complexity: February 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This year the Complexity Conference is in Europe as well.
		variation using complexity requires the sender to solve a moderately hard problem generated by the intended recipient.
		Last, but not least, we all are very saddened by the Columbia shuttle tragedy and the loss of seven brave people in the pursuit of science.
	weblog.fortnow.com /archive/2003_02_01_archive.html (2124 words)

	Nexiq Technologies - Diagnostic & Telematics Products
		While the benefits of the use of electronics may be obvious, the results have been a significant increase in system complexity.
		This is an added level of complexity and cost that is highly undesirable.
		As a result, not long after RP1210 1.0 was adopted, the RP was re-opened to incorporate modifications due to technological and performance enhancements.
	www.nexiq.com /support/tech_series.asp (1598 words)

	COMP 531
		Quick recap of Turing Machines, Strong Church--Turing hypothesis, time and space complexity measures for TMs, simulation of multi-tape TM by single-tape TM, linear speed up for time and space.
		This study suggests a rich web of complexity classes that classify the problems according to the computational resources (e.g., time, memory, randomness, parallelism) needed for their solutions.
		P, NP and Mathematics - a computational complexity perspective (This paper by Avi Wigderson serves as a good introduction to some of the most important developments in computational complexity)
	www.cs.mcgill.ca /~navin/531/531.html (683 words)

	Shtetl-Optimized: Run free, my animal friends! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		For readers with social lives, I should explain that a "complexity class" is a class of problems solvable by some sort of idealized computer.
		There should instead have been a complexity class for all Markov maps that can be approximated in randomized polynomial time with high fidelity.
		Greg: The reason the complexity class naming conventions are such a mess is that they grew organically, like English.
	www.scottaaronson.com /blog/2005/10/run-free-my-animal-friends.html (2408 words)

	What Is Rapid Prototyping?
		Rapid prototyping systems reduce the construction of complex objects to a manageable, straightforward, and relatively fast process.
		This has resulted in their wide use by engineers as a way to reduce time to market in manufacturing, to better understand and communicate product designs, and to make rapid tooling to manufacture those products.
		For many other less extreme cases the selection crossover line is hazy, moves all the time, and depends on a number of variably-weighted, case-dependent factors.
	home.att.net /~castleisland/rp_int.htm (430 words)

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