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	RSA Factoring Challenge - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The RSA Factoring Challenge is a challenge put forward by RSA Laboratories on March 18, 1991 to encourage research into computational number theory and the practical difficulty of factoring large integers.
		A primary application is for choosing the key length of the RSA public-key encryption scheme.
		The first RSA numbers generated, from RSA-100 to RSA-500, were labeled according to their number of decimal digits; later, however, beginning with RSA-576, binary digits are counted instead.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/RSA_number (384 words)

	Appeal Of New Hampshire Fireworks, Inc. (N.H. Department of Safety)
		In an appeal from an administrative agency pursuant to RSA 541:6, the burden of proof is on the plaintiff to show that the hearings examiner’s decision was clearly unreasonable or unlawful.
		RSA 160-B:6, VII provides that "[a] wholesale sale shall not be made to a person or corporation which resides in New Hampshire other than to a person or corporation licensed to sell fireworks.
		RSA 160-B:14 gives the commissioner the authority to suspend a fireworks license if the licensee is found to have violated any of the relevant statutes or regulations relating to fireworks sales.
	www.state.nh.us /judiciary/supreme/opinions/2004/firew111.htm (2504 words)

	Institut für Numerische Simulation
		RSA numbers are special types of composite numbers particularly chosen to be difficult to factor, and are identified by the number of digits they contain.
		RSA Laboratories sponsors the RSA Factoring Challenge to encourage research into computational number theory and the practical difficulty of factoring large integers and because it can be helpful for users of the RSA encryption public-key cryptography algorithm for choosing suitable key lengths for an appropriate level of security.
		RSA numbers received widespread attention when a 129-digit number known as RSA-129 was used by R. Rivest, A. Shamir, and L. Adleman to publish one of the first public-key messages together with a $100 reward for the message's decryption (Gardner 1977).
	www.ins.uni-bonn.de /news/RSA576a.html (764 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There is one RSA number of length 100, one of length 110, and so on, up to one of length 500.
		The RSA challenge numbers are thus tagged RSA-100, RSA-110, RSA-120,..., RSA-500.
		It is expected that the RSA challenge numbers will be at least as hard, if not harder, to factor than the partition numbers of the same length.
	home.imf.au.dk /niels/Alg1/RSAChallenge.txt (231 words)

	Print Version - RSA Security Turns to Group 1 for Data Quality Within Siebel \| Business intelligence, data warehousing ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		BACKGROUND: RSA Security is recognized as the strategic e-security partner to the largest and most successful companies that are leveraging the Internet to grow their business and improve their bottom line.
		RSA is a global e-security provider with major offices in the U.S., Ireland, United Kingdom, Singapore and Tokyo, and representation in nearly 50 countries.
		RSA implemented Group 1's Data Quality Connector for Siebel, which provides accurate, consolidated customer and prospect data in both batch and interactive modes.
	www.dmreview.com /editorial/dmreview/print_action.cfm?articleId=6525 (710 words)

	Cryptography Tutorial - RSA-160 CHALLENGE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The security of the RSA cipher is based on the fact that the modulus m can not be factored into the two primes p and q.
		This sum is computed as the residue of the 160-digit number modulo 991889 to assure that the number to be challenged was not accidentally modified.
		The RSA Cipher was invented in 1976 by the 3 Mathematicians Rivest, Shamir and Adleman.
	www.antilles.k12.vi.us /math/cryptotut/rsa6.htm (375 words)

	Standard Cryptographic Algorithm Naming
		Values of p and q larger than 1024 and 160 bits respectively may be desirable for long term security, however implementations of this algorithm are not required to support such parameters.
		RSA was previously patented in the United States and Canada; the patent has now expired.
		If the modulus is n and the output of a normal RSA private key operation is t, then the output of the corresponding operation for this algorithm is min(t, n-t).
	www.users.zetnet.co.uk /hopwood/crypto/scan/sig.html (4539 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass ...
		After deducting this RSA, the TAL is divided into a commercial quota of 16.82 million lb (7,630 mt) and a recreational harvest limit of 11.21 million lb (5,085 mt).
		After deducting this RSA, the TAL is divided into a commercial quota of 12.35 million lb (5,600 mt) and a recreational harvest limit of 3.99 million lb (1,812 mt).
		Finally, the revenue decreases associated with the RSA program are expected to be minimal, and are expected to yield important long-term benefits associated with improved fisheries data.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2004/January/Day-14/i807.htm (4979 words)

	Math 5410 Factoring
		In the RSA application, one must ensure that the primes p and q have the property that p-1 and q-1 have at least one large prime factor to avoid an attack by this method.
		In 2001, RSA Labs renamed and reissued the "challenge" numbers and assigned specific monetary rewards for their factoring.
		The new list (available at RSA Labs) uses the number of digits in the binary representation in the name, starting at RSA-576 (worth $10K) and going up to RSA-2048 ($200K).
	www-math.cudenver.edu /~wcherowi/courses/m5410/ctcfactor.html (1736 words)

	An Overview of Cryptography
		RSA today is used in hundreds of software products and can be used for key exchange, digital signatures, or encryption of small blocks of data.
		RSA is used during negotiation to exchange keys and identify the actual cryptographic algorithm (DES, IDEA, RC2, RC4, or 3DES) to use for the session.
		RSA keylengths of 512 and 768 bits are considered to be pretty weak.
	www.garykessler.net /library/crypto.html (17397 words)

	Tom McCune's PGP Questions & Answers
		As long as you have the ability to use both traditional RSA and DH/DSS keys, you are set to be able to securely communicate with all other users of PGP, regardless of what operating system, or what version of PGP they use (with the unlikely exception of their using a pre 2.6.2 PGP version).
		RSA keys are the original PGP keys that have been more extensively used than any other, and have withstood extensive and prolonged attacks.
		Additionally, the signature block of RSA keys larger than 2048 bits is annoyingly large when clearsigning; and since the SHA1 signing hash is 160 bits, a larger signing key is of questionable benefit (due to birthday attacks reducing the signature hash to an effective 80 bits).
	www.mccune.cc /PGPpage2.htm (16932 words)

	Re: Moving to RSA encryption
		You can find it at: http://www.rsasecurity.com/rsalabs/challenges/factoring/ Here is a summary: RSA Laboratories continues its sponsorship of the RSA Factoring Challenge to encourage research into computational number theory and the practical difficulty of factoring large integers.
		The information received during this challenge is a valuable resource to the cryptographic community and can be helpful for users of the RSA public-key cryptosystem in choosing suitable key lengths for an appropriate level of security.
		The RSA Challenge numbers are the kind we believe to be the hardest to factor; these numbers should be particularly challenging.
	www.usenet.com /newsgroups/sci.math/msg22781.html (325 words)

	The RIPEMD-160 page
		MD4 and MD5 were developed by Ron Rivest for RSA Data Security, while RIPEMD was developed in the framework of the EU project RIPE
		Although not yet extended to collisions for MD5 itself, this attack casts serious doubts on the strength of MD5 as a collision resistant hash function.
		RIPEMD-160, RIPEMD-128 and the optional extension RIPEMD-256 have object identifiers defined by the ISO-identified organization TeleTrusT, both as hash algorithm and in combination with RSA.
	homes.esat.kuleuven.be /~bosselae/ripemd160.html (1704 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		General numbers: The previous record was RSA-160 (160 digits), which was factored into two 80-digit factors by F. Bahr, J. Franke, T. Kleinjung, M. Lochter and M. Böhm on April 1st, 2003 (sic).
		The previous record was RSA-155 (22 August 1999) with 512 bits (155 digits).
		The previous record was 233 digits for the special number field sieve or SNFS (2^773+1 by The Cabal in November 2000).
	www.loria.fr /~zimmerma/records/factor-previous.html (179 words)

	OTHER ORDINANCES
		In accordance with RSA 160-B:6,I, refer to the Fire Department fee schedule for fees that are applicable.
		This ordinance, adopted pursuant to the authority of RSA 674:16 shall be known as the Town of Hooksett Floodplain Development Ordinance.
		In accordance with the provisions of RSA 31:39 and 41:11, the Town of Hooksett hereby adopts the following ordinance to regulate and provide for the control, containment and clean-up of hazardous materials.
	www.hooksett.org /otherordinances.htm (5972 words)

	Nullify - OpenPGP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		RSA was designed by Ronald Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman.
		RSA Security no longer recommends MD2 for new applications where collision-resistance is required.
		RSA Security no longer recommends MD5 for new applications where collision-resistance is required.
	www.nullify.org /openpgp.html (625 words)

	Madison, New Hampshire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A permit must first be obtained as per RSA 160-B:3.
		Any sworn law enforcement officer of the Town, State or County, as well as any fire officer of the Town or State is empowered to enforce this ordinance.
		Pursuant to RSA 154:18, this ordinance was posted in 2 public places on
	madison-nh.org /index.php?id=571 (186 words)

	Shamus Software Ltd - MIRACL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		RSA public key cryptography, Diffie-Hellman Key exchange, DSA digital signature, they are all just a few procedure calls away.
		Note that to offer the same level of security as 512-bit ECC would require the use of RSA with keys in excess of 10,000 bits.
		The performance cross-over with standard methods already occurs with 160 bit ECC vs 1024-bit RSA/El Gamal.
	www.compapp.dcu.ie /~mike/shamus.html (2253 words)

	RSA Security Turns to Group 1 for Data Quality Within Siebel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The company's comprehensive portfolio of e-security solutions - including authentication, Web access management and developer toolkits - helps more than 9,000 customers fully realize the revenue opportunities and operational improvements of e-business while enhancing protection of critical information.
		However, RSA's sales force was slow to utilize Siebel - adoption rates were approximately 20 percent - due to concerns about data quality.
		Use, duplication, or sale of this service, or data contained herein, is strictly prohibited.
	www.dmreview.com /master.cfm?NavID=198&EdID=6525 (747 words)

	[No title]
		This is a loose and nonchalent form of shuffle/cruising/freestyle orginally done to soul music, such as by James Brown, but also to other music such as funk and rap.
		Consumers Avenue is the first street on the left after the interchange, and the rink should be located on the right, near the middle of the block.
		RSA Member Rink USAC/RS Artistic, JO and Speed Clubs [ Estarra@aol.com (Esther Shear) ] Nights are rock music, Sunday night is Soul Night, Mornings (Adults) are organ music tapes and records, Friday night is Christian music night, Tuesday afternoons is Tiny Tots.
	www.netaxs.com /people/grr/Skate/FAQs/rinks-great-lakes.txt (12841 words)

	XML Encryption Syntax and Processing
		The RSA v1.5 Key Transport algorithm given below are those used in conjunction with TRIPLEDES and the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) of S/MIME [CMS-Algorithms].
		The RSA v2 Key Transport algorithm given below is that used in conjunction with AES and CMS [AES-WRAP].
		The desired output length for EME-OAEP-ENCODE is one byte shorter than the RSA modulus.
	www.w3.org /2001/04/xmlenc (8771 words)

	Cases Accepted by the New Hampshire Supreme Court October 2003
		Domestic violence -- whether mother and adult daughter who do not reside at same residence are "household members"; sufficiency of evidence that respondent posed a credible threat to petitioner; whether court erred by awarding use of a house to petitioner in which she has no ownership interest
		Aggravated felonious sexual assault -- motion to vacate sentence; whether court erred by applying statute of limitations that was expanded by the legislature after commission of the crimes; due process
		Probate estate -- anti-lapse statute; whether court erred in holding that RSA 551:12 applies; whether express language in codicil of will is sufficient to avoid application of anti-lapse statute
	www.courts.state.nh.us /supreme/accepted/2003oct.htm (838 words)

	City of Dover Department of Planning and Community Development
		Please call the department if you have any questions regarding the possession and/or use of fireworks in the city.
		In accordance with the provisions of RSA 160-A, it shall be illegal for any person, firm,
		In addition to the penalty provisions of RSA 160-A, a violation of this ordinance may be
	www.ci.dover.nh.us /Fire/Fireworks.htm (293 words)

	XML Encryption Syntax and Processing
		If the same key (or key and IV) is ever used on two messages then, by XORing the two cipher texts, you can obtain the XOR of the two plain texts.
		In cases where the key size is not apparent, as in the use of key agreement methods, this parameter sets the key size.
		We require that p be at least 512 bits and g at least 160 bits.
	www.w3.org /TR/2001/WD-xmlenc-core-20010626 (5498 words)

	State Fire Marshal's Office/Fire Safety
		Pursuant to NH RSA 160–B and 160-C retail stores not possessing a license to sell New Hampshire approved permissible fireworks are only allowed to sell the following unregulated consumer firework devices which are classified as novelties:
		Pursuant to NH RSA 160 – B: 16, sparklers shall not contain any chlorates or perchlorates.
		PARTY POPPERS: A small plastic or paper item containing not more than 0.25 grains (16 mg) of explosive composition that is friction sensitive.
	www.state.nh.us /safety/firesafety/fireworksunregulated.html (211 words)

	RSA Security - RSA-160 is factored!
		Researchers at the Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (BSI) in Germany recently completed the factorization of RSA-160, one of the numbers from the original RSA Factoring Challenge.
		The sieving effort for this 530-bit integer involved about twice as many relations as for RSA-155, but took less time and required fewer machines, presumably due to hardware advances over the three years between the efforts, though MIPS-years estimates have not been given.
		Please see Paul Zimmermann's factoring page or the BSI Newsletter (in German) for more information.
	www.rsasecurity.com /rsalabs/node.asp?id=2097 (109 words)

	University of Colorado Computer Science Department
		Line sieving was done by P. Montgomery and H. te Riele at the CWI, by F. Bahr and his family, and by NFSNET (which at that time consisted of D. Leclair, Paul Leyland [ working for Microsoft Res.
		RSA-576, a 576-bit or 174-digit number, is the first of the RSA challenge numbers to be factored from the "new" challenge started in 2001.
		The largest previously factored challenge number is RSA-160 from the "old" challenge, where numbers were designated by their length in decimal digits rather than bits; RSA-160 is 530-bit number.
	ucsub.colorado.edu /~hilverdi/hw4/results (209 words)

	Redirecting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Thank you for your interest in RSA Security.
		This page allows us to provide easy-to-remember page URLs.
		Click here to go to: RSA-576 is factored!
	www.rsasecurity.com /rsalabs/challenges/factoring/rsa576.html (42 words)

	PKCS#11-ME / Mobile Security / Products / Home - Stiftung SIC
		List, read, add and delete all keys and certificates on a token.
		- Supported algorithms: MD2 with RSA, MD5 with RSA, SHA-1 with RSA, SHA-256 with RSA, SHA-384 with RSA, SHA-512 with RSA, RIPEMD 128 with RSA, RIPEMD 160 with RSA, raw RSA (with external message digest calculation)
		RSA with PKCS#1 version 1.5 padding, RSA with PKCS#1 version 2.0 OAEP padding (SHA-1 with MFG1)
	jce.iaik.tugraz.at /products/13_PKCS11_ME/index.php (501 words)

	Webloggers for past 3 months -- by last name
		He is also a software consultant, in the form of Subsequently and Furthermore, Inc., specializing in Java, Mac OS X, and media development.
		He wrote his first Java applet in 1996 on a 16 MHz fl-and-white PowerBook 160 with the little-seen Sun MacJDK 1.0.
		In a previous career, he was a Writer / Associate Producer at CNN Headline News.
	www.oreillynet.com /pub/q/webloggers (10549 words)

	[No title]
		Yes, but complicated Can we build sigs out of F^RSA?
		D -------------------- this part is 1024 - 160 - 16 bits (c) S = (EB)^d mod N Why use fixed bits (in the middle) instead of random ones?
		Ans: suppose you used random pad, then the # of valid sigs for a specific msg would be: 2^(1024-160-16) Each of these values would correspond to a valid signature on the message, instead of just one of these values.
	www.stanford.edu /~stinson/crypto/cs255/cs255_rev3.txt (148 words)

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