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Topic: Race and intelligence

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	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Race and intelligence
		Proponents of IQ tests assume that there is such a thing as general intelligence, and analyze the data so as to produce one number, which they then claim is a measure of general intelligence.
		Gould argues that this one number (and therefore, the implication that there is a real thing called "general intelligence" that this number measures) is in fact an artifact of the statistical operations psychologists apply to the raw data.
		Part of this gap may well be genetic; there is no a priori reason to believe that every ethnic group or race has precisely the same genes in all areas of neural development; a small amount of random variation early on may have later crystallized into such differences at later times.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ra/Race_and_intelligence (2247 words)

	Race and intelligence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Race and intelligence is a controversial area of intelligence research studying the nature, origins, and practical consequences of racial and ethnic group differences in intelligence test scores and other measures of cognitive ability.
		Intelligence is measurable (see psychometrics) by modern tests and is dominated by a unitary general cognitive ability.
		One criticism of race and intelligence research, regardless of whether racial differences are genetic or not, questions its utility.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Race_and_intelligence (8999 words)

	Race and intelligence (Media portrayal) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Snyderman and Rothman (who don't conduct research related to race and intelligence) conducted a study of this phenomenon in 1988, drawing from their 1987 survey of expert opinion of intelligence-related topics.
		The book, along with all psychologists who recognize average differences among at least some races, argues that race is an inadequate and even improper basis for estimating the intelligence of an individual (particularly as much better and fairer ways are available), and that genes for intelligence, not race, largely determine an individual's IQ.
		Race may be a correlate of IQ, but it is not a determinant in any useful sense of an individual's IQ.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Race_and_intelligence_(Media_portrayal) (1163 words)

	Richard Lynn -- Race differences in intelligence: A global perspective.
		Intelligence tests were developed in the first two decades of the century and in the following seventy years numerous studies have been published of the intelligence of different peoples in many parts of the world.
		Intelligence was initially conceptualized as a single entity quantified by the intelligence quotient and many studies have reported racial differences in terms of a single IQ.
		This theory of intelligence was challenged in the nineteen thirties by Thurstone (1938) who proposed an alternative model which dispensed with the concept of Spearman's g and postulated six primary mental abilities designated reasoning, spatial, numerical, verbal, perceptual speed and fluency abilities.
	www.geocities.com /race_articles/lynn_race_diff.html (9692 words)

	Race Differences in Intelligence: A Global Perspective
		Intelligence was initially conceptualized as a single entity quantified by the intelligence quotient and many studies have reported racial differences in terms of a single 1(2.
		The theoretical basis for representing intelligence in terms of a single 1(2 is Spearman's (1927) work identifying a general factor present in all cognitive tests and his conceptualization of this as general intelligence, now known as Spearman's g, and identified as a generalized problem solving ability which enters into the performance of all cognitive tasks.
		The similarity of the cognitive profile of the two races suggests that this profile was present in the common stock from which both contemporary races are derived, and that some factor raised the intelligence levels in the Mongoloids following the geographical differentiation of the two races.
	www.davidduke.com /library/intelligence/lynn.html (9603 words)

	SPLCenter.org: Academic Racism
		On Oct. 11, CNN medical correspondent Dr. Sanjay Gupta reported on a new study by J. Philippe Rushton, a psychology professor at the University of Western Ontario.
		Although you never would have known it from the treatment CNN afforded Rushton, the British expatriate is among the world's most notorious race scientists.
		At the end of its piece, CNN did briefly quote a woman specializing in "gender studies" who complained that studies like Rushton's were "political," not scientific, in nature.
	www.splcenter.org /intel/intelreport/article.jsp?aid=707 (369 words)

	IQ and Race
		The research on IQ and race by Arthur Jensen, William Shockley, Herrnstein and Murray (The Bell Curve) and others have not found any significant correlations between race and intelligence.
		To correlate race and intelligence in the name of science and have the world pay attention to you is no small feat.
		Likewise, a species with several varieties of intelligences, as well as individuals with varying degrees of those intelligences, could well be a sign of superiority, at least in terms of the survival potential of the race.
	www.skepdic.com /iqrace.html (1818 words)

	NS350 Social Analysis of Race and Intelligence: Public Opinion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-30)
		One of the most controversial publications on the issue of race and intelligence is "The Bell Curve," a 1994 book by conservative social theorists Charles Murray and the late Richard Herrnstein.
		The data show while we talk about improving race relations, there is still a large and widening gap on the issue between people of color and whites.
		Race Relations Institute Director Dr. Winbush indicated that 73% of those surveyed feel there is a national conspiracy against people of color, particularly African-Americans.
	www.lcsc.edu /ns350/Issues/racesocpub.htm (522 words)

	Skeptic's Dictionary: reader comments IQ and Race
		You dismiss the concepts of 'intelligence' and 'race' as "mythical entities", and yet you admit having being "cured" from being a racist to some degree in your young years by meeting "truly brilliant fls and Hispanics".
		Although the differences between races are objectively ascertainable facts, the number of races we choose to recognize is a matter of convenience, a cataloging device used to organize and record observed intraspecific diversity, which allows intelligible communication among students of taxonomy and evolution.
		In short, the article states that both intelligence and race are a "myth" and due to the fact that they are myths, any correlation between the two is invalid.
	skepdic.com /comments/iqracecom3.html (4365 words)

	AAA Statement on "Race"
		From its inception, this modern concept of "race" was modeled after an ancient theorem of the Great Chain of Being, which posited natural categories on a hierarchy established by God or nature.
		Proponents of slavery in particular during the 19th century used "race" to justify the retention of slavery.
		Stemming from past AAA actions designed to address public misconceptions on race and intelligence, the need was apparent for a clear AAA statement on the biology and politics of race that would be educational and informational.
	www.aaanet.org /stmts/racepp.htm (1413 words)

	RACE! THAT MURRAY BOOK
		What used to be widespread shared public knowledge about race and ethnicity among writers, publicists, and scholars, was suddenly driven out of the public square by Communist anthropologist Franz Boas and his associates in the 1930s, and it has been taboo ever since.
		Essentially, I mean the almost self-evident fact that individuals, ethnic groups, and races differ among themselves in intelligence and in many other traits, and that intelligence, as well as less controversial traits of temperament, are in large part hereditary.
		The end of the flout and of the smears against truth-seekers in the area of race and intelligence is a wonderful thing for its own sake.
	www.lewrockwell.com /rothbard/ir/Ch75.html (3698 words)

	the race/intelligence/IQ debate
		As discussed in The Bell Curve and Race, Evolution, and Behavior, the heritability of intelligence is now well established from numerous adoption, twin, and family studies.
		Thus the different populations were selected for various traits like brain size and intelligence and reductions in sex hormones (and twinning rates) as they diverged north and east.
		By all means throw "intelligence" in with those - it's not much use to forensic science, obviously, and it's obviously a lot harder to work with (and more controversial) than the physical and molecular markers, but at least you'll be doing something which isn't epistemologically bogus right from the beginning.
	danny.oz.au /communities/anthro-l/debates/race-iq (4721 words)

	Dowling College: ASC128 W01 Race, Genetics and Intelligence
		Before we can explore these questions we need to define what intelligence is. That is what we did during the presentation and as we heard, there were many different definitions of the term intelligent.
		His theory was that intelligence is a through a G- Factor (general intelligence).
		They state that intelligence is determined by genetics early in life and the amount of intelligence a person has determines how their life will be.
	www.dowling.edu /faculty/Perring/woods.htm (1073 words)

	Flaws in Comparative Studies of Race and Intelligence
		The true “race” of an individual is illusory in a country where the “races” have been overtly or covertly interbreeding for over four hundred years.
		Yet, in spite of recent advances in genetic identification, race intelligence theorists still rely on their subjective perceptions of study participants’ skin color, and markers such hair type and nose morphology to determine who is “fl and who is “white”.
		One reason is in the pseudo science of genetic race comparison, fl and white “race” remains more a social construct than a scientific one, where the mere appearance of whiteness is accepted as definitive of membership in one group, while any semblance of flness is considered 100% determinative of participation in the other.
	allpsych.com /forums/students/_students/00000600.htm (1361 words)

	Washington Summit Publishers
		In Chapter 3, we summarise work showing that intelligence is a determinant of incomes and related phenomena (educational attainment and socio-economic status) among individuals in a number of countries; this is the basis of our theory that the intelligence of national populations is likely to be a determinant of per capita incomes among nations.
		Chapter 9 discusses the contributions of genetic and environmental determinants to national differences in intelligence and concludes that the racial identity of the population is the major factor.
		Extensively referenced, this exhaustive study of race and IQ is a milestone accomplishment and should serve as the yardstick by which future research is measured.
	www.wspublishers.com (1312 words)

	John Stone Fitness: Books: Race and Intelligence: Separating Science From Myth
		In recent years, reported racial disparities in IQ scores have been the subject of raging debates in the behavioral and social sciences and education.
		They also show that the human species has no "races" in the biological sense (though cultures have a variety of folk concepts of "race"), that there is no single form of intelligence, and that formal education helps individuals to develop a variety of cognitive abilities.
		Race and Intelligence offers the most comprehensive and definitive response thus far to claims of innate differences in intelligence among races.
	www.johnstonefitness.com /store/shop.php?c=books&n=15812061&i=0805837574&x=Race_and_Intelligence_Separating_Science_From_Myth (248 words)

	Amazon.com: Race and Intelligence: Separating Science From Myth: Books: Jefferson M. Fish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-30)
		Race and Intelligence is an important book and makes a significant and major contribution to the literature in this area.
		Moreover, it shows that efforts to demonstrate differences in intelligence between the so-called races is pointless, since race is a fiction and extant definitions of intelligence are problematic.
		Race and Intelligence: Separating Science From Myth is an up-to-date, engaging, and definitive treatment of the relationship between intelligence and 'race.' Most importantly, it shows that race is a socially constructed rather than biological category and hence that it is not even meaningful at a biological level to speak of relations between race and intelligence.
	www.amazon.com /Race-Intelligence-Separating-Science-Myth/dp/0805837574 (1255 words)

	Gates of Vienna: Race and Intelligence
		In my paper I wrote that the question of a racial component for intelligence was not fully answered, but that the evidence did not warrant Professor Jensen’s conclusions.
		"Race" would be better translated as "breed", since this not only prevents "racism" (sic), it removes the unconscious supremacism and absurd egotism from this too-vague and usually ill-used term.
		The idea that one race is superior over another is an idea that is divisive in the extreme, although a study of the qualities inherent in the different races is interesting in an academic sense.
	gatesofvienna.blogspot.com /2007/05/race-and-intelligence.html (2088 words)

	Education Policy Analysis Archives: Vol. 3 No. 2 Culbertson "The Bell Curve: A Review Essay"
		The classicists are for practical purposes unanimous in accepting that G [general factor of intelligence] sit at the center of the structure in a dominating position-not just as an artifact of statistical manipulation but as an expression of a core human mental ability.
		By limiting the phenomenon of intelligence to the framework of the methodology presented in this study, it is virtually impossible thoroughly to study the relevant concepts of any human phenomena, much less to outline their structures or to discover any predictor value in them.
		And yet Herrnstein and Murray insist that it is intelligence, and not socio-economic status with which it is correlated, that is primarily responsible for the group differences.
	epaa.asu.edu /epaa/v3n2.html (5745 words)

	Race and Intelligence
		Since, until fairly recently, most intelligence tests were standardized for White, middle-class people, it is no wonder that other races do not score as well as Whites.
		Indeed, it could be argued that the earlier versions of intelligence tests were invalid for measuring intelligence of African Americans (Houston, 1990).
		Studies have suggested that environmental differences that exist between races are extremely important in IQ determination.
	www.dushkin.com /connectext/psy/ch08/raceintel.mhtml (439 words)

	Race Differences in Intelligence: a Global Perspective
		The Negroid-Caucasoid differences appear to be of about the same magnitude for general intelligence arid the verbal and visuospatial abilities.
		This argument call be met by the concept of genotype-environment correlation, originally proposed by Ploinin, De Fries and Loehlin (1977) and developed by Scarr and McCartney (1983).
		Jensen, A. and Reynolds, C. 1982 Race, social class and ability patterns on the WISC-R. Personality and Individual Differences, 3, 423-438.
	www.prometheism.net /articles/racediff01.html (9711 words)

	Race
		One of the most astonishing features of the contemporary discussion of race is the fact that anthropology, the science that deals with human biological and cultural variation, has managed to be marginalized.
		Dr. Harold Freeman, Celera Genomics Corp., quoted in the SJ Mercury, "Race not seen as factor in variation of genetic code," Feb. 20, 2001, G1.
		The bell curve wars: race, intelligence, and the future of America.
	www-sul.stanford.edu /depts/ssrg/misc/race.html (1070 words)

	My Left Wing :: New Evidence On Race and Intelligence
		In young children, intelligence is measured in terms of novelty and distractibility--what children look at (novel vs. familiar faces) and how long they can stay on-task.
		The greatest intelligences are those that have a great deal of energy available and either channel it all through one dominant brain or achieve a kind of perfect balance where all three brains are functioning well simultaneously.
		The Russians consider Jews a "race" regardless of where they live or what their "ethnic" makeup is. Asians in the US are slowly become "white".
	www.myleftwing.com /showDiary.do?diaryId=7912 (4442 words)

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