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Topic: Radicalism (historical)

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	Radicalism (historical) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Historical Radicalism should be distinguished from the modern American usage of radical merely to denote political extremes of right or left.
		Historically, early radical aims of liberty and electoral reform in Great Britain widened with the American Revolution and French Revolution so that some radicals sought republicanism, abolition of titles, redistribution of property and freedom of the press.
		Radical riots in 1816 and 1817 were followed by the Peterloo massacre of 1819 publicised by Richard Carlile who then continued to fight for press freedom from prison.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Radicalism_(historical) (2202 words)

	Print: The Chronicle: 5/23/2003: Literary Theory and Historical Understanding
		Now some scholars are applying this historical approach to criticism, especially the waves of literary theory that completely altered the academic study of literature between the late 1960s and early 1990s, including the re-emergence of historicism itself.
		Some historical critics dissolved the work of art into its background, with its undigested facts and broad generalities, in much the same way that unimaginative New Critics sometimes reduced it to mechanical patterns of imagery, or in the way that psychoanalytic critics could reduce it to the neurotic conflicts of its author.
		Historical criticism supplied the big picture, but often only routinely, in terms of movements and periods that hardly accounted for what truly mattered in the work of individual artists.
	chronicle.com /cgi2-bin/printable.cgi?article=http://chronicle.com/free/v49/i37/37b00701.htm (3805 words)

	Essays on Nothing And Everything: Contributions to a Radicalist Philosophy of the Human Condition by Leon James
		Radicalism is a philosophy that concerns itself with the essence of the origin.
		Historically, radicalism is associated with reactionary movements in spiritual and socio-political endeavors.
		Radical understanding is a process of the direct apprehending of elementary relationships, the essence of the origin.
	www.soc.hawaii.edu /leonj/499ss99/pun/essay.html (4011 words)

	Manitoba History: The State of the Union: A Survey of Recent Literature on Prairie Labour
		One deals with the radicalism traditionally associated with the west’s extractive industries; while the second emphasis is on labour’s overt expression of frustration manifested in the One Big Union and the Winnipeg General Strike.
		That national treatments of prairie labour themes stress frontier radicalism and post-World War I urban discontent is not surprising, for this echoes the basic approach of historians of the region.
		The least sweeping and yet historically the soundest of the three is Gerald Friesen’s “‘Yours in Revolt’ The Socialist Party of Canada and the Western Canadian Labour Movement” which appeared in the first issue of Labour/le travailleur in 1976.
	www.mhs.mb.ca /docs/mb_history/03/prairielabour.shtml (4491 words)

	Protestant Radicalism (Eller)
		A much more reliable test would be to read the radical tradition for its emphasis on "the kingdom of God." Here is the concept that stood at the heart of Jesus' own eschatology; my guess is that it is central to the radical tradition in a way that it is not to the churchly.
		The radical church's very unrealistic and inexpedient stance of nonresistance, or defenselessness (which, by the way, was understood not merely an exceptional position regarding carnal warfare but as the essential character of the church's way in world), makes sense at all only from an eschatological perspective.
		The churches of the radical tradition--if they have any radicalism left in them--ought to be speaking within the ecumenical councils of the church in a much stronger and more self-respecting way than they have heretofore.
	www.hccentral.com /eller1/cc110167.html (3289 words)

	E. Belfort Bax: The Bourgeois Radical Movement and Socialism (1897) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		As already said, there are some points striven for by the earlier Radicalism which, although they have not been completely realised, have nevertheless made such headway that their importance effectively gives place to that of other more urgent points of agitation.
		Before deciding whether a doctrine or aim of the old Radicalism should constitute a living part of our programme, or not, we must judge the particular point in question on its merits, The fact of its belonging to the old Radicalism is not in itself against it.
		The weapons of the old Radical Free Thought movement in the popular attack on this evil may have been largely superseded by the weapons of modern science and criticism; and the direct onslaught may have become less necessary since the flank movement has, so to say, taken the enemy in the rear.
	www.marxists.org /archive/bax/1897/05/bouradical.htm (1589 words)

	Calls for Presentations, Papers, Publications: Journal: Study of Radicalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The _Journal for the Study of Radicalism_ engages in serious, scholarly exploration of the forms, representations, meanings, and historical influences of radical social movements.
		With sensitivity and openness to historical and cultural contexts of the term, we loosely define "radical," as distinguished from "reformers," to mean groups who seek revolutionary alternatives to hegemonic social and political institutions, and who use violent or non-violent means to resist authority and to bring about change.
		"right"; radical groups typically ignored in academic scholarship such as deep ecologists, primitivists, and anarchists; the role of science and technology in radical visions; transnational and regional understandings of radicalism; and the relationships of radical movements to land and environment.
	www.unm.edu /~loboblog/mort/archives/006495.html (180 words)

	[No title]
		Research and administrative files created by the Minnesota Radicalism Project (MRP), a project operated under the auspices of the Minnesota Historical Society from 1986 to 1989, which culminated in the publication of the bibliography, Radicalism in Minnesota, 1900-1960, a survey of Minnesota Historical Society holdings: The Radical Press in Minnesota, 1900-1960, and a symposium.
		The MRP was first proposed by Carl Ross, in a memo sent to Russell Fridley, Nina Archabal (respectively, director and assistant director of the Minnesota Historical Society), and Hyman Berman (professor of labor history at the University of Minnesota) in December 1985, according to a proposal draft submitted by Ross on October 24, 1986.
		The Radical Press in Minnesota, 1900-1960, the typescript survey of Minnesota Historical Society holdings, was finished in 1989, and the bibliography, Radicalism in Minnesota, 1990-1960, was published in1994 by the Minnesota Historical Society Press.
	www.mnhs.org /library/findaids/00518.xml (1967 words)

	Arthur Drews - The Denial of the Historicity of Jesus in Past and Present
		This is Klaus Schilling's summary in English of Arthur Drews' article "Die Leugnung der Geschichtlichkeit Jesu in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart", on the history of the denial of the historicity of Jesus, at http://www.radikalkritik.de/leugnung.htm at Radikal Kritik.
		In the final conclusions, Drews describes the social consequences of a denial of historicity, and explains why so many theologians and secular researchers stick to historicity, though the ahistoricity of Jesus is scientifically as sure as that of Romulus and Remus, or the seven legendary kings of Rome.
		Thus there is no hope for the denial of historicity to find a general public acceptance for a long time, as it would violate the interests of the supporting columns of the established society.
	www.egodeath.com /drewshistorymythiconlyjesus.htm (10846 words)

	Capitalism, Marxism, and the Black Radical Tradition
		It is the task of the politically engaged radical critic to side with the excluded and repressed: to develop insights gained in confrontation with injustice, to nourish cultures of resistance, and to help define the means with which society can be rendered adequate to the full breadth of human potentialities.
		Black and other radicals originate and articulate distinct histories which converge and diverge depending on historical circumstance: this was James’s conception of the confluences of the Haitian slaves and the French peasantry, etc.; a historical correspondence which was broken by the time Frantz Fanon wrote of French colonialism, French workers, and the colonized subject.
		The Black Radical Tradition emerged in the belly of the beast, in a setting where physical and cultural problems were very immediate and the surveillance of Black radicals was omnipresent.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/45a/568.html (2999 words)

	Anabaptist Radicalism and Postmodern Publics
		Among the problematics that were highlighted in the Elizabethtown conference were the distance between Anabaptist radicalism and Mennonite sectarianism, the relationship of cultural and social practices to Christian faith and God's grace, and the place of the disciple in the church and in the world.
		Other scholars suggest that our historical situation differs from that of the Anabaptists insofar as the lines of distinction between believers' churches and the churches of Christendom are no longer necessary or clear, and that therefore the believers' church should forge alliances with the traditional Christian churches and their theologies in the war against secularism.
		This type of approach to God, grace, transcendence, and revelation, renders the old debates between traditional evangelicals and modern agnostics irrelevant, and it suggests new ways for the prophetic paradigm of Anabaptist discipleship to be articulated to the postmodern, multi-cultural global village of the twenty-first century.
	www.bluffton.edu /~mastg/publics.htm (1435 words)

	Socialism, Cooperative and Republican (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		While radicals disposed of the often quarrelsome support of working-class clubs and trade societies in Paris and other cities, they were not well organized in the countryside.
		The condemnation of leading radical deputies, including Ledru-Rollin, for conspiracy and new restrictions placed on public meetings and press destroyed most of organizations in the cities; to survive the demo-socs formed secret societies in the "red" countryside.
		Despite electoral victories in the by-elections of 1850, radicals were too demoralized to respond effectively to the disenfranchisement of May 1850 and to the coup d'etat of 1851, which sought to extirpate socialism from French society.
	www.cats.ohiou.edu /~Chastain/rz/soccoop.htm (1580 words)

	American Radicalism: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The subjective reasons for the current depression of United States radicalism cannot be understood without a critical analysis of the inner history of the American socialist and labor radical movement in the sixty years since the turn of the century.
		At the turn of the century, there was a great upswing of radicalism in this country prompted by the objective conditions of the time—the accelerated development of industrial and monopolistic capitalism, the dispossession of small businessmen and farmers, the unbridled exploitation of the workers who were without organization, and so forth.
		Individuals and small groups of the old, fallen-away radicals may be reactivated under new conditions; but the main forces of the new movement of American socialist radicalism have to come from a new generation.
	www.marxists.org /archive/cannon/works/1960/amrad.htm (6802 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Martin Luther
		In the narrative of conventional Reformation history, Carlstadt is made the scapegoat for all the wild excesses that swept over Wittenberg at this time; even in more critical history he is painted as a marplot, whose officious meddling almost wrecked the work of the Reformation.
		In the light of the same researches, it was the mild and gentle Melancthon who prodded on Carlstadt until he found himself the vortex of the impending disorder and riot.
		The radically democratic drift of Luther's whole agitation, his contemptuous allusions to the German princes, "generally the biggest fools and worst scoundrels on earth" (Walch, op.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/09438b.htm (16884 words)

	BBC - History - Scottish History
		The term ‘radical’ literally means ‘from the root’, and describes exactly the kind of political reform that the Radical movement was seeking towards the end of the 18th century.
		One of the most famous radical sympathisers in Scottish history was the poet Robert Burns.
		The Revolution was an inspiring example for Scotland’s developing middle and working classes; it demonstrated that they too could participate in the governance of the country, that the status quo could be changed, and that constitutions weren’t handed down from God but were made by men.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/scottishhistory/enlightenment/features_enlightenment_radicals.shtml (475 words)

	Articles - Liberalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Later, as more radical philosophers articulated their thoughts in the course of the French Revolution and throughout the nineteenth century, liberalism defined itself in contrast to socialism and communism, although modern European liberal parties have often formed coalitions with social-democratic parties.
		This may not seem a radical notion today, but at the time most property laws defined property as belonging to a ´´family´´ or to a particular figure within it, such as the "head of the family".
		Another example of this form of liberal revolution is from Ecuador where Eloy Alfaro in 1895 lead a "radical liberal" revolution that secularized the state, opened marriage laws, engaged in the development of infrastructure and the economy.
	www.awningz.com /articles/Liberalism (9113 words)

	Radical History by Harvey Klehr & John Earl Haynes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		here is no reason why radical historians cannot do good history; one can disagree with the conclusions another historian has reached, dispute the significance he places on certain facts, or challenge the interpretive framework he uses, and still recognize that he has illuminated a problem, or uncovered new information, or challenged old preconceptions.
		Further, the bulk of the famine and war relief was not even from immigrant radicals as Buhle implies but from a broad spectrum of Americans motivated by humanitarian concerns.
		One entry on Finnish-American radicalism reports on the thousands of American Finns, mostly Communists, who moved to Soviet Karelia in the early 1930s but conveniently forgets to mention that hundreds of them were murdered by Soviet political police during Stalin’s purges.
	www.newcriterion.com /archive/20/jun02/buhle.htm (3734 words)

	Historical Encyclopedia of WA - Share Your History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The team at the Historical Encyclopedia of Western Australia is delighted to announce the adult and junior winners of the Share Your History promotion.
		A/Professor Jenny Gregory: Editor-in-Chief, Historical Encyclopedia of Western Australia and Director of the Centre for WA History and UWA Press.
		Not all the crew were happy about this radical new staff development; we were told that at least one driller had to rummage for shorts to cover his normal off-duty garb of underpants.
	www.encyclopedia.uwapress.uwa.edu.au /write_a_history_promotion (20426 words)

	MHS Collections: Oral History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This oral history collection is part of the larger Project to Document Radicalism in Twentieth-Century Minnesota, an effort by the Minnesota Historical Society's Research Department to explore the role of left-wing radicalism in shaping the state's political culture.
		These interviews of radicals active in the decades up to 1960 include both men and women, members of political parties as well as unaffiliated activists, artists, organizers and WPA workers.
		The other major product of the radicalism project will be an annotated bibliography, published by the Minnesota Historical Society Press, of sources on the subject in the Society's collections and at University of Minnesota libraries.
	www.state.mn.us /ebranch/mhs/collections/oralhistory/radicalism.htm (162 words)

	Activist Impulses: Campus Radicalism in the 1930s (Cohen)
		In our sample group of 125 activists, 10 of the 27 students who said that a faculty member fostered their politicization indicated that this faculty member was a liberal—while 14 named a radical faculty member and three did not specify whether the teacher was liberal or radical.
		However one judges radical teachers in Depression America, their instructional work cannot be set into historical context unless it is recognized that during this turbulent era bias entered the classroom from all positions on the political spectrum—right, left, and center.
		When the radical party candidates are taken into account, the 1936 presidential race—as tracked in the college straw polls—reflects an even stronger student shift away from Republicanism.
	newdeal.feri.org /students/end.htm (3414 words)

	A.1. WHAT ARE THE HISTORICAL ORIGINS OF MUTUALISM?
		Thousands upon thousands of working people belonged to reading and debating societies, where radical newspapers and pamphlets were discussed, as well as the works of Paine, Cobbett, etc. But there was no formal, overarching theory of mutualism as a way of organizing politically and economically, for the most part, until the 1820s.
		Much of the general current of radical economic theory doubtless came from the chiliastic visions of Ball and Tyler, of the Ranters and Quakers and Fifth Monarchists, the Dissenting sects, and radical offshoots of Methodism like the New Connexion and Primitive Methodists.
		While this partly reflected the radicalism of Paine and Cobbett, it was now being used to describe the class conflict between industrial workers and the owning and managing classes.
	www.mutualist.org /id25.html (14401 words)

	Research - Kansas State Historical Society
		Rogers was editor of Newton's Kansas Commoner and an early leader of the ULP in Kansas before moving to Washington in 1890, where he served two terms as governor.
		Lengel, Leland I. "Radical Crusaders and a Conservative Church: Attitudes of Populists Toward Contemporary Protestantism." American Studies 13 (Fall 1972): 49.
		Prairie Populism: The Fate of Agrarian Radicalism in Kansas, Nebraska, and Iowa, 1880-1892.
	www.kshs.org /research/collections/documents/bibliographies/political/populismandradicalpolitics.htm (2124 words)

	The Garden of Eden. Radicalism in the Jewish Yahweh prophets.
		For a growing catalogue of critiques of the Bible as an historical document, you can consult both my Bible commentary pages and my Essay pages, not to mention innumerable other sites on the web which specialize in the task of debunking the Bible as a purely historical document.
		For example, the Gospel of Mark carried on this radical tradition of Jewish prophecy, accusing the scribes and the priesthood of nullifying the teachings of the prophets for the sake of their human commandments (found in such priestly books as Leviticus).
		See the short piece on a summary of the Gospel of Mark (a rebel and a radical) for a brief introduction to the radicalism of the early churches.
	www.awitness.org /bible_commentary/genesis/garden_of_eden.html (3531 words)

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