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Topic: Radio spectrum

Related Topics

Radio frequency

Super high frequency

Very high frequency

Ka band

Electromagnetic spectrum

Microwave

L band

Extremely high frequency

Super low frequency

Radio propagation

Very low frequency

C band

Ku band

Frequency

Longwave

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	BandRadio - Radio (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Radio waves are a form of electromagnetic radiation, created whenever a charged object (in normal radio transmission, an electron) accelerates with a frequency that lies in the radio frequency (RF) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
		Radio was used to pass on orders and communications between armies and navies on both sides in World War I; Germany used radio communications for diplomatic messages once its submarine cables were cut by the British.
		Radio remote control use sof radio waves to transmit control data to a remote object as in some early forms of guided missile, some early TV remotes and a range of model boats, cars and aeroplanes.
	bandradio.com /radio (3879 words)

	Howstuffworks "How the Radio Spectrum Works"
		When you listen to a radio station and the announcer says, "You are listening to 91.5 FM WRKX The Rock!," what the announcer means is that you are listening to a radio station broadcasting an FM radio signal at a frequency of 91.5 megahertz, with FCC-assigned call letters of WRKX.
		In the same way, AM radio is confined to a band from 535 kilohertz to 1,700 kilohertz (kilo meaning "thousands," so 535,000 to 1,700,000 cycles per second).
		The first radio broadcasts occurred in 1906 or so, and frequency allocation for AM radio occurred during the 1920s (The predecessor to the FCC was established by Congress in 1927.).
	www.howstuffworks.com /radio-spectrum.htm (673 words)

	Radio Spectrum Wars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The average citizen is familiar with the radio spectrum through enjoyment of AM and FM radio, television, short wave radio, amateur radio, and the use of ancillary items, such as garage door openers, cordless phones, microwave ovens, and wireless computer networks.
		For the purposes of this essay, all electromagnetic emissions beyond the infrared portion of the spectrum with wavelengths of 1000 microns (1mm) or longer will be considered part of the radio spectrum.
		The portion of the radio spectrum typically used in radio astronomy is from approximately 13 MHz to 10 GHz with the 1-10 GHz range being especially important.
	www.3towers.com /RadioSpectrumWars.htm (1669 words)

	National Institute of Justice - Radio Spectrum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Radio communications use radio waves at different frequencies, grouped within bands, that are part of the radio spectrum.
		Radio systems operating in the 806–824 MHz and 851–869 MHz portion of the UHF band are often referred to as “800 MHz systems” and are distinguished from systems in the other parts of the UHF band.
		Spectrum allocations for State and local public safety are fragmented into many distinct slices of the radio spectrum.
	www.ojp.usdoj.gov /nij/topics/commtech/radiospectrum/welcome.html (895 words)

	Radio Waves
		Radio waves have the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum.
		Radio telescopes are dishes made out of conducting metal that reflect radio waves to a focus point.
		Radio telescopes look toward the heavens at planets and comets, giant clouds of gas and dust, and stars and galaxies.
	imagers.gsfc.nasa.gov /ems/radio.html (566 words)

	Electromagnetic Spectrum - Introduction
		Radio: yes, this is the same kind of energy that radio stations emit into the air for your boom box to capture and turn into your favorite Mozart, Madonna, or Coolio tunes.
		Radio waves, visible light, X-rays, and all the other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are fundamentally the same thing.
		This is because most of the radio part of the EM spectrum falls in the range from a about 1 cm to 1 km (30 gigahertz (GHz) to 100 kilohertz (kHz)).
	imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov /docs/science/know_l1/emspectrum.html (1290 words)

	NTIA Special Pub. 98-35: Radio Astronomy Spectrum Planning Options: Cover, Exec. Summary, & Foreword
		Radio astronomy is a relatively new radio service based on the reception of radio waves of cosmic origin through the use of radio telescopes.
		Spectrum requirements for the radio astronomy service are somewhat different from those of most other radio services in that they are not dictated by predicted traffic requirements and, in the case of spectral lines, involve very specific frequencies.
		With respect to spectrum that could be made available for allocation to the radio astronomy service, the primary focus was on those frequency bands requested for new allocations, and for the expansion of existing allocations to one percent bandwidth of current frequencies.
	www.ntia.doc.gov /osmhome/reports/pub9835/Raspexec.htm (2676 words)

	Electromagnetic spectrum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The electromagnetic spectrum, shown in the chart, extends from just below the frequencies used for modern radio (at the long-wavelength end) to gamma radiation (at the short-wavelength end), covering wavelengths from thousands of kilometres down to fractions of the size of an atom.
		If the spectrum is composed of background light, parts of which the object transmits and parts of which it absorbs, an absorption spectrum occurs.
		Radio waves generally are utilized by antennas of appropriate size (according to the principle of resonance), with wavelengths ranging from hundreds of metres to about one millimetre.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum (1574 words)

	The Radio Spectrum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The radio spectrum covers a wide range of frequencies and is important for our every day lives as well as being very important for astronomical observations.
		I became frustrated in my reading about the radio spectrum, because there were no good charts or tables explaining the spectrum and explaining what frequencies radio astronomers used versus frequencies for commercial television, AM radio, FM radio, cell phones, Amateur radio, and other types of communications.
		US domestic spectrum use may differ from the international allocations provided domestic users do not conflict with the radio spectrum in other countries and otherwise comply with international regulations or bilateral treaty agreements (Schroeder, 2004).
	www.3towers.com /RadioSpectrum.htm (680 words)

	Europa - Information Society - Radio Spectrum Policy - home page
		Radio Spectrum Decision 676/2002/EC and contributes to the implementation of the eCommunications regulatory framework.
		Study on radio interference regulatory models in the European Community Information Society and Media Directorate General - Unit B4 Radio Spectrum Policy has published a Contract Notice for this study in the 'Supplement to the Official Journal of the European Union' No S 95 of 19.5.2006, open procedure, 101041-2006.
		The Radio Spectrum Policy unit of the Commission wishes to solicit comments from all interested parties on the harmonised use of radio spectrum by equipment using UWB Technology in the European Union.
	europa.eu.int /information_society/policy/radio_spectrum/index_en.htm (766 words)

	Open Spectrum FAQ
		If 'shared', then access to the spectrum is shared by many users, who are either given a license, or who use equipment to access that spectrum which has been certified by the FCC.
		By the 'Twenties, enough broadcasters had jumped in that the technology of the time produced significant interference among signals, a situation the Radio Act of 1927 addressed by declaring the "ether" to be a publicly owned resource that should be doled out in ways that meet public interests.
		No. Unlicensed spectrum refers to spectrum for which the FCC doesn't issue a specific license to a user, but instead certifies equipment that may be used in a segment of spectrum designated for shared use.
	www.greaterdemocracy.org /OpenSpectrumFAQ.html (2783 words)

	IARUWeb: The International Amateur Radio Union
		The radio spectrum is so valuable that even government and military users are under great pressure to relinquish frequencies for commercial exploitation.
		Radio amateurs, the very people whose experiments had revealed the value of the short waves in the first place, were in grave danger of being pushed aside.
		All licensed radio amateurs benefit from the work of the IARU, whether or not they are members of their national IARU member-society.
	www.iaru.org /spectrum.html (729 words)

	Radiocommunications \| Spectrum Policy and Planning \| RSM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The efficient use of the radio spectrum is essential for the functioning of a modern economy.
		The Ministry is responsible for ensuring the ongoing economic, efficient and rational use of the radio spectrum managed under Part XIII of the Radiocommunications Act 1989, the administrative radio licensing regime.
		The Radio Spectrum Policy and Planning Group, part of the Resources and Networks Branch, is responsible for the provision of policy advice on all aspects of the radio spectrum, including legislation, strategic planning and co-ordination of radio spectrum use, amongst many other functions.
	www.rsm.govt.nz /spp/radiocommunications.html (1145 words)

	OET -- FCC Radio Spectrum Home Page
		The radio spectrum is the radio frequency (RF) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
		In the United States, regulatory responsibility for the radio spectrum is divided between the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA).
		A separate history file is maintained for those Commission documents that do not amend the Table of Frequency Allocations or service rules, but that directly pertain to the regulation of radio spectrum.
	www.fcc.gov /oet/spectrum (544 words)

	The Radio Spectrum
		The FCC and NTIA arbitrarily define that the radio spectrum in the United States is that part of the natural spectrum of electromagnetic radiation lying between the frequency limits of 9 kilohertz and 300 gigahertz.
		There is no scientific reason that radio transmissions cannot be made at lower or higher frequencies, although there are serious technical problems associated with using lower or higher frequencies in most practical radio applications at the current state of the art.
		Those named portions are all within the larger portion arbitrarily defined for regulatory purposes as the radio spectrum, except for the small 6 kHz portion from 3 kHz to 9 kHz.
	www.smeter.net /spectrum/spectrum.php (359 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| Boost for astronomers
		Radio astronomers will have less interference in their exploration of the distant Universe from now on.
		They have won protection for the parts of the radio spectrum they use in their research.
		Member countries of the International Telecommunication Union meet at the WRC to allocate the radio frequency spectrum to applications such as cellphones, satellite broadcasting, global positioning systems, amateur radio, and the sciences of radio astronomy, Earth exploration and deep space research.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/794065.stm (354 words)

	Licensing & Registration \| Radio \| Ministry of Economic Development
		All persons causing radio waves to be transmitted are required to have a licence to transmit, or a specific legislative exemption from licensing.
		The Register of Radio Frequencies is a public register intended to facilitate the operations of the Spectrum Licensing Regime for the licensing of the use of the radio spectrum in New Zealand.
		Radio Spectrum Management provides access to a range of forms for use by licence holders and suppliers of electrical and radio products.
	www.med.govt.nz /rrf (316 words)

	Radio Spectrum Policy Group (RSPG)
		The Radio Spectrum Policy Group (RSPG) was established under the Commission Decision 2002/622/EC as one of the actions following the adoption of the Radio Spectrum Decision 676/2002/EC.
		The RSPG shall adopt opinions, which are meant to assist and advise the Commission on radio spectrum policy issues, on co-ordination of policy approaches and, where appropriate, on harmonised conditions with regard to the availability and efficient use of radio spectrum necessary for the establishment and functioning of the internal market.
		The RSPG should consult extensively and in a forward-looking manner on technological, market and regulatory developments relating to the use of radio spectrum in the context of EU policies on electronic communications, transport and research and development.
	rspg.groups.eu.int (510 words)

	Spectrum Radio 558 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Spectrum Radio appeared on London's airwaves on the 25th of June 1990, broadcasting from studios in Endeavour House, close to the Brent Cross Shopping Centre, in North West London.
		The early days at Spectrum were a troubled time right from the start.
		The station was due to launch on 558AM, but the frequency was occupied by Radio Caroline, causing the station to launch on a temporary frequency of 990AM.
	www.radioandtelly.co.uk /spectrumradio.html (248 words)

	FCC approves radio-spectrum auction \| CNET News.com
		Because spectrum is rarely available in such large chunks, the auction represents one of the biggest opportunities for both large and small cell phone operators to fill out coverage areas.
		"The stakes are high because (of) the opportunity for national carriers to acquire blocks of spectrum covering large sections of the country," analysts from Medley Global Advisors, an advisor to financial institutions and governments, wrote in a research note.
		The radio spectrum to be auctioned is able to support advanced wireless data services, and as a result could be used to deliver high-speed Internet service into rural areas and densely packed cities that still lack broadband access.
	news.com.com /FCC+...+radio-spectrum+auction/2100-1039_3-5820301.html (379 words)

	Spectrum Management at ATNF
		Radio Astronomy, by its very nature, detects extremely faint cosmic radio signals and hence is very susceptible to Radio Frequency Interference (RFI).
		The radio spectrum is regulated internationally by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), a specialised United Nations agency, which allocates spectrum to the many radio telecommunications services.
		This spectrum is then managed at the national level by National Communications Administrations, such as the Australian Communications Authority (ACA).
	www.atnf.csiro.au /people/Tasso.Tzioumis/spectrum (241 words)

	Radio, Spectrum and Telecommunications - Industry Canada
		The Canadian Table of Frequency Allocations assigns the electromagnetic spectrum between 9 kHz and 275 GHz, and is based on most of the provisions resulting from the various World Radiocommunication Conferences (WRC), including the WRC 2000, convened by the International Telecommunication Union.
		Anyone operating a fixed or portable marine radio in a pleasure craft is required by law to have a Restricted Operator's Certificate (Maritime).
		The Spectrum Management and Telecommunications Branch provides advice in solving interference problems by providing tools and pamphlets to enable users to identify sources of interference and correct the problems themselves.
	www.ic.gc.ca /cmb/welcomeic.nsf/ICPages/SubjectSpectrum (1338 words)

	Radio frequency - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Radio frequency, or RF, refers to that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in which electromagnetic waves can be generated by alternating current fed to an antenna.
		The SHF and EHF bands are often considered to be not part of the radio spectrum and form their own microwave spectrum.
		Radio, light, and sound waves, conversion between wavelength and frequency
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Radio_spectrum (467 words)

	RF Spectrum Page from SSS Online: RF, Microwave, Spread Spectrum & Wireless engineering resource site.
		The term Radio Frequency (RF or rf) refers to the electromagnetic field that is generated when an alternating current is input to an antenna.
		Internationally, the RF spectrum is allocated by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) to various classes of service according to different regions of the world.
		Spectrum Etiquette — promotes efficient power spectral density designs to aid the wireless design community in protecting the integrity and reliability of the wireless airways.
	www.sss-mag.com /spectrum.html (736 words)

	Amateur Radio SS Page -- RF and Spread Spectrum for Radio Amateurs
		See, the ITU Radio Regulations,at Article 1, in which "Harmful Interference" is defined as interference which endangers the functioning of a radionavigation service or of other safety services or seriously degrades, obstructs or repeatedly interrupts a radiocommunication service operating in accordance with these regulations.
		There are two forms of spread spectrum communications in common use: one is frequency hopping, where a transmitter and receiver rapidly hop from one frequency to another in a pre-determined sequence.
		Spread Spectrum ("SS") technology has not made great advances in the amateur radio service since it was first permitted in 1985, in part due to the fact that, by today's standards, the Part 97 regulations on amateur spread spectrum are extremely restrictive.
	www.sss-mag.com /hamss.html (4069 words)

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