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Topic: Radiosonde

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	BADC Datasets: Radiosonde Data Help File
		A radiosonde is a small, lightweight package of instruments, suspended from a helium filled balloon (see figure 1).
		The ground equipment of a radiosonde station varies with the type of sonde that is used but it must at least comprise a radio receiver and a means of interpreting the signals in terms of the meteorological quantities observed.
		A radiosonde is released from the surface and rises to between 20 and 30km before the balloon bursts.
	www.badc.rl.ac.uk /data/radiosonde/radhelp.html (1434 words)

	Radiosonde -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A radiosonde is a unit for use in (Click link for more info and facts about weather balloon) weather balloons that measures various (Click link for more info and facts about atmospheric) atmospheric parameters and transmits them to a fixed receiver.
		The first rawinsondes were observed from the ground with a (A surveying instrument for measuring horizontal and vertical angles, consisting of a small telescope mounted on a tripod) theodolite, and gave only a wind estimation by the position.
		The weight of a radiosonde is typically 250 (A metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram) grams.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/ra/radiosonde.htm (479 words)

	Atmos. Profile: Radiosonde - NCDC (FIFE)
		Unlike the radiosonde data collected at the FIFE study area (see the FIFE Radiosonde Data (Brutsaert)) these data were collected using sondes released in Dodge City and Topeka Kansas, 337 km and 68 km, respectively, from the FIFE study area.
		Radiosonde observations are made to determine the pressure, temperature, and humidity from the surface to the point where the sounding is terminated.
		The radiosonde is a balloon-borne, battery-powered instrument used together with the ground-receiving equipment to delineate the vertical profile of the atmosphere.
	www-eosdis.ornl.gov /FIFE/Datasets/Atmosphere/ncdc_radiosonde_data.html (3092 words)

	Radiosonde (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Radiosondes measure temperature with a thermometer, humidity with a hygrometer, and air pressure with a barometer.
		Radiosondes are attached to helium-filled neoprene balloons that are designed to burst when they reach a specified altitude.
		Radiosondes began to be used by investigators during the 1920s and 1930s and were in common use by the late 1930s.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/Dictionary/radiosonde/DI71.htm (215 words)

	Difficulties in Obtaining Reliable Temperature Trends
		Tropical radiosonde records are of limited use in resolving the discrepancies because of artificial trends arising from changes in instruments or sensors; however, comparisons with Australian radiosondes show a spurious downward jump in MSU 2R in mid 1991 which is not evident in MSU 2.
		As for Darwin, a spurious stepwise warming in the radiosonde data relative to the satellite data is evident in late 1987 (the transition to the Väisälä model occurred in August 1987).
		Radiosonde records almost universally contain temporal inhomogeneities arising from changes in instruments or sensors during the period of interest and are therefore of limited usefulness in resolving the discrepancies, especially throughout the tropics.
	www.cgd.ucar.edu /cas/papers/jc98 (12160 words)

	Radiosonde - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A radio frequency of 403 MHz is reserved for radiosondes.
		Modern radiosondes can use a variety of mechanisms for determining wind speed and direction, such as Loran, radio direction finder, and GPS.
		The Soviet Venus probe VeGa abandoned in 1984 two radiosondes in the atmosphere of Venus, which could be tracked for two days.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Radiosonde (304 words)

	Radiosonde Newsletter 12
		One documented example of this effect is the lengthening of the cord from 7 to 15 m in Japanese radiosondes in 1968, which resulted in decreases of 50 hPa day-night temperature differences of 2-3 K (Suzuki and Asahi, 1978).
		The quality of humidity data from radiosondes is generally thought to decrease with decreasing water vapour content, temperature, and pressure (Elliott and Gaffen, 1991); stratospheric humidity data from radiosondes are essentially useless.
		Radiosondes provide fine vertical resolution near the tropopause level; however, tropopause data may incorporate errors in temperature, humidity, and pressure observations in complex fashion.
	www.aero.jussieu.fr /~sparc/News12/Radiosondes.html (3591 words)

	Radiosondes
		Originally named a radio-meteorograph, the instrument is now referred to as a radiosonde, a name apparently derived by H. Hergesell from a combination of the words "radio" for the onboard radio transmitter and "sonde", which is messenger from old English.
		The complete radiosonde system, or rawinsonde, consists of a balloon-borne radiosonde instrument package, a radio receiver, a tracking unit and a recorder.
		The volume of the canister expands as the radiosonde ascends, in response to a reduction in the atmospheric pressure aloft.
	www.aos.wisc.edu /~hopkins/wx-inst/wxi-raob.htm (1765 words)

	RADIOSONDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ein Radiosonde (besser bekannt unter dem Namen Wetterballon) dient der Meteorologie zur Messung von Parametern der Atmosphäre in großen Höhen bis zu 30 km über NN (Stratosphäre).
		Messfühler an der Radiosonde messen Temperatur, Luftdruck und Luftfeuchtigkeit während der Ballon in die Höhe steigt.
		Per Radar kann die Position einer Radiosonde bestimmt werden, dies ist hilfreich um die Windrichtung der Höhenwinde zu bestimmen, die wiederum bei der Wettervorhersage immens wichtig ist.
	www.toonorama.com /encyclopedia/R/Radiosonde (365 words)

	Chapter-4
		Radiosonde pressure data anomalies may be caused by ground system failure, a faulty pressure sensor, or atmospheric phenomena affecting the ascension rate of the flight train.
		Radiosonde temperature anomalies may be caused by ground system failure, radiosonde defects, or atmospheric events.
		This anomaly usually occurs when an unventilated radiosonde is calibrated in a room where the temperature and RH are significantly different from what are observed at the release point.
	www.ofcm.gov /fmh3/text/chapter4.htm (4387 words)

	BADC Datasets: Radiosonde Data Welcome Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Radiosonde data updates will be available as soon as possible.
		The application for access to the Met Office Radiosonde data includes the Met Office Agreement to be signed and returned to BADC.
		High resolution radiosonde data (2 seconds interval data) is also available for Aberporth in Wales.
	badc.nerc.ac.uk /data/radiosglobe (544 words)

	Radiosonde Sensor/Instrument Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Radiosondes carry temperature, pressure and relative humidity sensors and report up to six variables: pressure, geopotential height, temperature, dewpoint depression, wind direction and wind speed.
		In the radiosonde only one reference capacitor is needed to eliminate the influence of drift of the transducer electronics.
		The transducer circuit developed for the RS 80 radiosondes is capable of measuring with a resolution of 1 fF.
	charm.larc.nasa.gov /GUIDE/sensor_documents/radiosonde_sensor.html (947 words)

	fact sheet
		The radiosonde is a small, expendable instrument package that is suspended below a 2 meter (6 feet) wide balloon filled with hydrogen or helium.
		During the flight, the radiosonde is exposed to temperatures as cold as -90
		Radiosonde observations are the primary source of upper-air data and will remain so into the foreseeable future.
	www.ua.nws.noaa.gov /factsheet.htm (485 words)

	Wind Profile Data: Radiosonde (FIFE)
		Successive horizontal positions of the radiosonde balloon in relation to its release point was used to calculate average wind speed and direction.
		Intensive radiosonde flights, carried out by Dr. Wilfred H. Brutsaert during the summer and fall of 1987 and the late summer of 1989 have allowed the measurement of the atmospheric profiles of wind velocity and direction.
		The wind velocity data in the FIFE Radiosonde Data were calculated by means of an algorithm (developed by the manufacturer) involving the radius of the Earth, the curvature of the surface, etc. This algorithm is correct but produces wind speeds and directions with a large degree of noise and scatter.
	www-eosdis.ornl.gov /FIFE/Datasets/Atmosphere/radiosnd_wind_prof.html (2933 words)

	National Weather Service Forecast Office - Mobile/Pensacola - Radiosonde Page
		Radiosondes are instruments used by weather agencies around the world to collect weather information.
		Vertical data from the radiosonde is interpreted at the launching station and entered into a worldwide communications network.
		Radiosonde balloons are inflated with either helium or hydrogen gases and are usually launched in an open field, generally at an airport where obstructions are at a minimum.
	www.srh.noaa.gov /mob/balloon.shtml (618 words)

	Radiosonde housing - Patent 4480334
		The radiosonde housing of claim 1, further comprising means on an interior wall of said air flow duct for reflecting solar radiation entering said duct to minimize heating of said interior wall and thus minimize warming of ambient air adjacent said interior wall.
		The radiosonde of claim 7, further comprising means on an interior wall of said air flow duct for reflecting solar radiation entering said duct to minimize heating of said interior wall and thus minimize warming of ambient air adjacent said interior wall.
		A radiosonde housing adapted for employment as both a shipping container and a flight package, said housing comprising and outer shell made of a light-weight material and a hollow interior in which sensing and transmitting components are retained for shipment of the radiosonde housing and thereafter for use when said radiosonde housing is in flight;
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4480334.html (2222 words)

	Chapter-2
		The radiosonde is composed of meteorological sensing instruments, telemetry encoders, and a radio-signal transmitter.
		Radiosondes that use NAVAID signals for windfinding contain electronics that receive the NAVAID signals from fixed transmitting stations on the ground (in the case of LORAN or VLF signals) or from moving satellites in space (in the case of GPS).
		The time-stamped in-flight data from the radiosonde shall be recorded electronically in a file consisting of the elapsed time in seconds, pressure in hPa, temperature in Celsius or Kelvin degrees, and relative humidity in percent of saturation with respect to water.
	www.ofcm.gov /fmh3/text/chapter2.htm (3507 words)

	Upper Air Observations
		The radiosonde consists of sensors used to measure several meteorological parameters coupled to a radio transmitter and assembled in a lightweight box.
		As the radiosonde is carried aloft, sensors on the radiosonde measure profiles of pressure, temperature, and humidity.
		Radiosonde data are fed into the models and, with other observations, assimilated to provide initial conditions for the model predictions.
	www.srh.noaa.gov /bmx/upperair/radiosnd.html (1471 words)

	SPARC Gravity Wave Initiative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It builds on the work of Allen and Vincent who used high-resolution radiosonde observations in the Australian sector to study temporal and spatial variations of wave activity in the lower atmosphere.
		Since some parameterization schemes are using spectral representations of the wave field the radiosonde data will also be used to better characterizing vertical wavenumber spectra in order to investigate the "universality" of spectral indices.
		The radiosonde data should be analyzed at as high a vertical resolution as possible.
	www.physics.adelaide.edu.au /atmospheric/radiosonde_project.html (1322 words)

	Radiosonde (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A radiosonde is a unit for use in weather balloons that measures various atmospheric parameters and transmits them to a receiver.
		The first were observed from the ground with a theodolite and gave only a wind estimation the position.
		With the data is possible to draw diagrams which are useful for the interpretation phenomena such as thermical inversion.
	www.freeglossary.com /Radiosonde (321 words)

	Radiosonde Data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As this project is primarily interested in the near and far-shore wind fields we test the geostrophic winds against data from radiosonde ascents from European coastal stations.
		The first occurrence of radiosonde data between heights of 600 to 900 m was determined empirically as the most appropriate for testing the geostrophic wind.
		A slightly surprising feature is that the geostrophic wind speeds tend to be slightly higher than the radiosonde observations, particularly during higher wind speed months when differences tend to be exaggerated.
	www.cru.uea.ac.uk /cru/projects/power/radio.html (358 words)

	radiosonde -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Special helium-filled meteorological balloons made of high-quality neoprene rubber are employed for elevating the radiosonde to very high altitudes of around 30,000 m (100,000 feet); maximum altitude for balloon-borne…
		Special helium-filled meteorological balloons made of high-quality neoprene rubber are employed for elevating the radiosonde to very high altitudes of around 30,000 m (100,000 feet); maximum altitude for...
		Radiosondes borne aloft by helium balloons are the primary observation platforms above the boundary layer but within the limits of the troposphere.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9062425?tocId=9062425 (482 words)

	A NEW GLOBAL WATER VAPOR DATASET (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Radiosonde measurements are made primarily over land with limited spatial and temporal coverage, infrared satellite techniques are only applicable in the absence of significant cloud cover, and microwave retrievals are presently feasible only over oceans.
		The radiosonde data was transmitted via the Global Telecommunications System, was decoded at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, and supplied to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
		Layered WV from radiosondes and TOVS is divided by the total column WV to derive the global distribution of the percent-of-total (POT) WV in each layer.
	www.cira.colostate.edu /climate/NVAP/bulletin.htm (7432 words)

	Trends Online - Global, Hemispheric, and Zonal Temperature Deviations (CDIAC) - Angell
		Surface temperatures and thickness-derived temperatures from a 63-station, globally distributed radiosonde network have been used to estimate global, hemispheric, and zonal annual and seasonal temperature deviations.
		At the surface, 2002 remained the warmest year in the 47-year record (0.88°C above the long-term mean), easily exceeding the previous record of 0.71°C/decade set in 1998, which was matched by the 2004 anomaly, thus tying 1998 and 2004 as the second warmest years in the record.
		It is interesting to compare temperature trends from the relatively sparse 63-station radiosonde network to those from some of the other well-known global temperature records, e.g., the Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) data obtained from NOAA satellites (Christy et al.
	cdiac.esd.ornl.gov /trends/temp/angell/angell.html (550 words)

	FAQ
		Quality control of radiosonde data is done at the upper-air station and national centers such as the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and at the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC).
		When a radiosonde is tracked so that winds aloft are provided in addition to the pressure, temperature, and relative humidity data, it is called a rawinsonde observation.
		If the radiosonde is not severely damaged, the NWS would like you to return the instrument.
	www.ua.nws.noaa.gov /Faq.htm (425 words)

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