
	Where results make sense

Topic: Railway mania

Related Topics

Stock market bubble

Mississippi Scheme

Tech bubble

Stock market

Stock market crash

Behavioral finance

Prospect theory

Daniel Kahneman

Renault

Huang He

Amos Tversky

Leyland Motors

Mixed economy

Famous French People

United Kingdom

	Rail transport in Great Britain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		UK railways are run at arm's length from the government, through two government organisations, both of which have statutory powers under various Acts of Parliament (such as the Railways Act 1993, the Competition Act 1998 and the Transport Act 2000), and both of which receive Directions and Guidance from the Secretaries of State for Transport.
		Most UK railway stations date from the Victorian era and are located on the edge of town centres.
		Under the Railways Act 1921 the majority of the railway companies in Great Britain (and few in Northern Ireland) were grouped into four main companies, often termed the Big Four: the grouping took effect from 1 January 1923.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/British_railway_system (2609 words)

	Opposition to Victorian Railways
		Railway historian Frederick S. Williams writes: “A rumor that it was proposed to bring such a thing as a railroad within a dozen miles of a particular neighborhood was enough to elicit adverse petitions to Parliament, and public subscriptions were opened to give effect to the opposition.” (p.
		Railway historian W.T. Jackson, writing in 1916, could scarcely believe that some towns “rejected the boon that was offered them, and opposed the railways so strongly that they would not allow the company to build their line within the city limits.
		They worried that the railways would “contaminate” the bucolic rural landscapes that had come to embody middle-class dreams of “arriving,” which had inspired artists and poets as the height of natural perfection, and had nurtured generations of middle and upper class British with visions of a “green and pleasant land” as a national ideal.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/rschwart/ind_rev/rs/denault.htm (5678 words)

	The Atmospheric Railway 1843 -1854
		Their report having been favourable, a loan of £25, 000 was granted for the construction of a line to Dalkey, and land for the purpose was granted by the Harbour Commissioners, adjoining their line, locally known as "The Metals," for the haulage of granite from the Dalkey quarries for the Kingstown harbour piers.
		The Atmospheric Railway was a great attraction in the district, and brought numerous visitors there, besides which engineering experts were sent by many foreign governments to inspect and report on the workings of the system.
		In fact, during the period of the railway mania, the attention of half Europe was focussed on this little line, descriptions of it appeared in many foreign papers and magazines, and "The Illustrated London New" of the 6
	www.dalkeyhomepage.ie /atmosphericrailway1843.html (873 words)

	The Illustrated London News - Politics & Economics
		MATERIAL as is the Railway System, generally to the interests of the community, it has of late acquired a peculiar interest, in consequence of the appointment of a Select Committee of the House of Commons to inquire into the mode in which Railways are managed.
		The Railway Proprietors, instead of reducing their fares, have kept them up at the rates which had been fixed on, before it could be ascertained what would be the result of the new experi-ment.
		Although railway company dividends were low in the early 1840s, they were not as poor a return as some government stocks, and with the rise in railway share prices after 1841 and a growth in traffic and dividends, railways became relatively attractive to investors.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/rschwart/ind_rev/iln/politic.htm (4937 words)

	BBC - History - All Change in the Victorian Age (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The 1840s saw 'railway mania': by 1851 6,800 miles of track had been laid.
		The old days of local time (as in Bristol) jarred with railways that crossed the country and ran to a national timetable, and in 1845 the rail companies successfully lobbied Parliament to abolish it.
		The spread of railways stimulated communication, and Rowland Hill's standardisation of postal charges in 1839 saw a boom in mail services.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/society_culture/industrialisation/speed_02.shtml (394 words)

	History of the Line
		The Lynn and Dereham Railway and the Norfolk Railway both obtained Parliament's permission to build lines to Dereham in 1845, at the height of the so-called "Railway Mania", when railways were being frantically built across the whole country.
		It was perhaps inevitable, therefore, that the Eastern Counties Railway took on a lease of the Norfolk Railway from May 1848.
		The 1954 Modernisation Plan was introduced in an attempt to revitalise the railways, but by the mid-1950s many wartime restrictions and shortages had eased, and competition from road transport became greater with the increased use of private cars.
	www.mnr.org.uk /about/history.html (2002 words)

	Fathom :: The Source for Online Learning
		Since it was assumed that railways would dominate all traffic, the mania was, in effect, a race to connect all the major towns with the neighbouring towns.
		Indeed, the railways' capital intensity meant that the only way to turn a profit was to run many trains on the same line, and so the only way to offer an assurance of safety was for managers to know where each and every train was at each and every moment.
		Railways are valued at the expected profit per mile over the expected life of the track; mobile phone companies are valued at the expected profit per user, over the lifetime of the license.
	www.fathom.com /feature/122057 (4281 words)

	GEORGE HUDSON - LoveToKnow Article on GEORGE HUDSON (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Having inherited, in 1827, a sum of ~3o,ooo, he invested it in North Midland Railway shares, and was shortly afterwards appointed a director.
		In this year the mania for railway speculation was at its height, and no man was more courted than the railway king.
		Deputylieutenant for Durham, and thrice lord mayor of York, he was returned in the Conservative interest for Sunderland in 1845, the event being judged of such public interest that the news was conveyed to London by a special train, which travelled part of the way at the rate of 75 m.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /H/HU/HUDSON_GEORGE.htm (426 words)

	Railway Mania
		The extension of railways had, up to the year 1844, been effected principally by men of the commercial classes, interested in opening up improved communications between particular towns and districts.
		At length the locomotive vindicated its power; railways were recognized, by men of all classes, as works of great utility; and their vast social as well as commercial advantages forced themselves on the public recognition.
		The mania was not confined to the precincts of the stock exchange, but infected all ranks throughout the country.
	dspace.dial.pipex.com /town/terrace/adw03/readings/rwymania.htm (1664 words)

	East Lancashire Railway - A History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is doubtful if, in the railway mania of the 1840's anyone could have foreseen, that less than 100 years later, many lines would have fallen out of use but for the efforts of railway preservation societies.
		The East Lancashire Railway Preservation Society was formed in 1968 with a view to preserving a section of the former East Lancashire Railway, focusing on a section of line near Helmshore, but unfortunately this plan did not come to fruition.
		The East Lancashire Light Railway Company which leases the railway from the Trust and is responsible for the day to day running of the railway and is the formal legal structure under which the Society works.
	east-lancs-rly.co.uk /history2.htm (874 words)

	AustralAsia Railway Corporation
		Railways were needed to bring wheat and mining produce to Port Augusta and Adelaide, but these early lines were seen as the start of a transcontinental line that would foster the development of mining, tropical agriculture and trade with Asia.
		Canada's 3000 mile transcontinental railway was built by a Montreal syndicate and funded by granting large tracts of land to the developers.
		By 1891, South Australia had spent 10 million on railways, the colony's bonded debt was 21.5 million pounds, two million of which was incurred in the Territory, and the completion of the northern line coincided with growing disillusionment with its northern colony.
	www.aarc.com.au /aarc/info/history.html (4802 words)

	Railroad
		The impact the railways had on the psyche of Dickens is quite obvious in Dombey and Son.
		Dickens was using the railway and the death of a particular lifestyle as a metaphor for the death of young Paul Dombey.
		For most of the population, the railways were new and exciting, expensive, and a burden to ride.
	gober.net /victorian/reports/railroad.html (1783 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Railway Mania
		From 1830 onwards the pace of development was rapid leading to a a bout of “railway mania” in 1836-7 when, in an unregulated scramble, many joint-stock companies were floated, shares soared in value, and many companies went bankrupt, some through being ill-considered and others through fraud.
		The peak of the railway system was reached in the 1920s with 21,000 miles of track, since when, with the impact of the motor car, about three-quarters of the lines have been removed.
		As Dickens observed, the railways also contributed to national standardisation in both engineering and the regimentation of mental life, bringing the clocks of Edinburgh exactly into phase with the clocks of London, and creating a huge workforce of uniformed employees, eventually as many as 750,000 in 1921.
	www.litencyc.com /php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=927 (700 words)

	Kingsclere - Heritage & Genealogy
		The railway would therefore have provided an efficient and cheap means of carrying the malt produced in the village to the London breweries and improved the maltsters' competitiveness.
		A light railway was one built to lower constructional standards than a main line railway with an axle loading limited to 8 tons and a speed limit of 25 mph.
		This led to a flurry of railway construction including the Basingstoke and Alton Light Railway although very few such independent railways were constructed and the Treasury provision of a million pounds for loans was only ever tapped for £200,000.
	www.kingsclere.org.uk /canalrly.html (2516 words)

	Railway mania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It followed a common pattern: as the price of railway shares increased, more and more money was pouredin by speculators, until the inevitable collapse.
		The line in Lewis Carroll 's The Hunting of the Snark, "They threatened its lifewith a railway share" [1], is a reference to the Railway maniaand those who lost money investing in it.
		Railway mania can be compared with the similar craze in the 1990s, where a vast amountof fibre-optic telecommincations infrastructure was installed.
	www.therfcc.org /railway-mania-24732.html (139 words)

	The Amalgamation of Victorian Railways; or What Followed the Railway Mania
		The Great Northern Railway founded in 1846 was an amalgamation of the London and York and the Direct Northern railways, but did not reach London until 1850, King's Cross Station being opened two years later.
		The Great Eastern Railway began as the Eastern Counties Railway, a motley collection of many small railways in East Anglia, of which the Northern and Eastern was the most important, for it extended the scope of the railway towards Cambridge.
		Although amalgamation was the rule, some lines, like the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, remained independent from 1838, the year it opened, until the second decade of the twentieth century, when it mereged with the the London and North Western Railway.
	www.victorianweb.org /victorian/technology/railways/casserley1.html (833 words)

	Making the Modern World - Growth of the railways: Part 2
		The growth of the railways after the Liverpool to Manchester railway can be seen in a number of ways.
		Railway ‘mania’ on a small scale, with large number of proposals for new railways submitted to parliament.
		The growth of railways in England and Wales, 1778 to 1855
	www.makingthemodernworld.org.uk /learning_modules/history/04.TU.03?section=4 (822 words)

	BBC Forensic Engineering - Solve the Riddle - Background
		The Railway Age started with attempts to make a steam engine small enough to be fitted to a wagon for hauling coal at collieries, the wheels moving on a wooden or iron rail for guidance.
		Both railways were an immediate success, allowing raw materials and manufactures to be transported much faster than by canal.
		The railway network expanded fast, although the greatest period of expansion occurred a little later, when railway mania took hold in the 1840s.
	www.open2.net /forensic_engineering/riddle/riddle_02.htm (168 words)

	Victorian Railways
		The railway was opened for passengers, parcels and light goods on 4th July 1837.
		The Liverpool and Manchester railway was opened on 15th September 1830, and it was 31 miles long.
		The East Lancashire Railway opened in 1846, and linked to the Manchester - Bolton line at Clifton with Radcliffe before reaching Bury, some 6 miles to the north.
	www.ourwardfamily.com /victorian_railways.htm (1369 words)

	The Grahamston Story - a piece of railway history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The years 1845 and 1846 are described by Robert Reid (Senex) as the daft days of the railway and joint stock mania.
		This railway mania saw scores of businessmen and rival syndicates conspiring to beat each other to the investment opportunities that this new mode of transport offered.
		Glasgow in particular was caught up in the madness, and has been described as a theatre of bitter conflict in which the rival railway companies vied with each other to bring their lines into the city centre.
	www.grahamston.com /railwayhistory.html (526 words)

	From omnibus to ecobus, 1851-1875, 1st page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The railway was designed by a retired army officer from the Royal Engineers, Col. George T. Landmann, a local man, born in Woolwich, who spent his childhood years in Blackheath.
		When the Greenwich Railway finally opened, the fares were expensive; from sixpence for third class to stand in the open air, and up to a shilling for a first class single fare ticket to travel in an 'Imperial' carriage.
		The London and Greenwich Railway was just the first of numerous railway lines that transformed London and the country during the railway boom of the 1840s-1860s.
	www.ltmuseum.co.uk /learning/online_resources/ecobus_omnibus/pg/1851.htm (615 words)

	Railway Mania -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Railway Mania is the term given to the (Click link for more info and facts about speculative frenzy) speculative frenzy in (A monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland) Britain in the (The decade from 1840 to 1849) 1840s.
		Unlike some (Click link for more info and facts about stock market bubble) stock market bubbles, however, there was actually a net tangible result from all the investment: a vast expansion of the (Click link for more info and facts about British railway system) British railway system, though perhaps at an inflated cost.
		Railway Mania can be compared with the similar craze in the (The decade from 1990 to 1999) 1990s, where a vast amount of fibre-optic telecommunications infrastructure was installed.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/ra/railway_mania.htm (240 words)

	Shorewalker.com - Tracking the Internet industry's resurgence
		As in the British Railway industry of the 1850s, so in the Internet industry of the early 2000s the builders and visionaries are ceding ground to the managers.
		But to me the British Railway Mania of 1845-47 was the dot-com craze of its day, uncannilly like the weirdness that swept the Western world 150 years later.
		But as in the British Railway industry of the 1850s, the builders and visionaries are ceding the field to the managers.
	shorewalker.com /section7/dotcom_parallel.html (924 words)

	trackoff.org - history of the railways
		Railway Mania reached its peak between 1846 and 1850 with the opening of some 6,500km (4,000 miles) of railway lines but amalgamations of small lines had already begun.
		Although the railways were almost all steam operated, Britain's first all-electric railway built by Magnus Volk was opened on the sea front at Brighton in 1883.
		The railways played a vital part in the war effort and were targeted by German bombers.
	www.trackoff.org /history3.html (1096 words)

	Railway Mania - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It reached its zenith in 1846, when no fewer than 272 Acts of Parliament were passed, setting up new railway companies.
		The line in Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark, "They threatened its life with a railway share" [1], is a reference to the Railway Mania and those who lost money investing in it.
		This page was last modified 21:43, 16 May 2005.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Railway_mania (174 words)

	The ASHBY CANAL Leicestershire
		The railway mania of the 1830’s and 40’s did little for its fortunes and in 1846 the canal was sold to the Midland Railway for £110,000, a considerable loss against construction costs of £184,000.
		The 1920’s and 30’s were beset with subsidence damage and claims against local collieries, and by 1944, the L.M.S. Railway who had taken over the Midland interests in the 1923 grouping won Parliamentary approval to close the canal from the terminus north of Moira to Donisthorpe.
		This pleasing building, with no likelihood of being reconnected with the railway network, will receive a new lease of life as a stopping point for canal boats and provide a permanent home for the Measham Museum with its local history displays and Measham Teapot collection.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/ChrisSimmons/ashbycan.htm (399 words)

	America's recession has its roots in nineteenth century Britain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It was during early '40s that "railway mania" took hold as thousands of investors engaged in a speculative frenzy — by 1847 it was all over, marked by the fact that investors could no longer pay the full amount of their instalments.
		Now the kind of speculative activity that characterised Britain's railway boom was, as Hale observed, the same kind that has characterised America's hi-tech boom.
		But from an Austrian school of economics perspective the boom-bust cycle could not emerge in the absence of credit expansion, which would be the case if a country is on the gold standard.
	www.brookesnews.com /030812usrecession.html (905 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)