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Topic: Ralph Merkle

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	Ralph Merkle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ralph C. Merkle (born 2 February 1952) is a pioneer in public key cryptography, and more recently a researcher and speaker on molecular nanotechnology and cryonics.
		Merkle graduated from Livermore High School in 1970 and proceeded to study Computer Science at U.C. Berkeley, obtaining his B.A. in 1974, and his M.S. in 1977.
		Merkle devised an early scheme for communication over an insecure channel: Merkle's Puzzles.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ralph_Merkle (278 words)

	GT/CoC - About the College of Computing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ralph Merkle knows his contributions to the development of public key cryptography could have received more attention.
		But Merkle accepts that notoriety is fickle and understands that his well-documented contributions are known to anyone truly interested in infosecurity.
		One reason why Merkle's work may have been somewhat overlooked is that he hasn't devoted his entire career to infosecurity.
	www.cc.gatech.edu /news/merkle_unsung_hero.html (368 words)

	Newsbytes News Network: Nanotech expert forsees powerful "sugar cube" computers - Ralph Merkle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Merkle then went on to relate the development of nanotechnology with the history of computer development, showing charts tracing the increase in power, decrease in thermal consumption and decrease in material necessary to store information.
		Merkle then went into the use of these molecular systems in medicine, explaining that we presently have two basic medical tools: surgery, which has intelligent guidance but uses very crude tools that themselves damage the organism, and drugs, which have no intelligence but are atomically precise tools.
		Merkle concluded his talk by speculating the impact that molecular machines may have in the field of cryonics.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0NEW/is_1992_April_27/ai_12198903 (698 words)

	Ralph C. Merkle - WOLFMAN PRODUCTIONS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ralph C. Merkle, Ph.D. is on the Board of Directors at Alcor, the leader in Cryonic Suspension Services, and Vice President, Technology Assessment for the Foresight Institute, which focuses on molecular manufacturing or Nanotechnology.
		He chaired the Fourth and Fifth Foresight Conferences on Nanotechnology, was corecipient of the 1998 Feynman Prize for Nanotechnology for theory, and was corecipient of the ACM's Kanellakis Award for Theory and Practice, the 2000 RSA Award in Mathematics, and the IEEE Kobayashi Award.
		Merkle has published and spoken extensively and has ten patents.
	www.wolfmanproductions.com /merkle.html (478 words)

	GT/CoC - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Merkle will be joining the College of Computing faculty as Professor of Computing and director of GTISC, reporting to the Office of the Provost, effective September 8.
		Merkle is widely recognized for his award-winning work in the field of cryptography as one of the co-founders of public-key cryptography.
		The New York Times said, "Dr. Ralph C. Merkle is celebrated as an inventor of the encryption technology that allows secure transactions over the Internet." More recently, he has focused in theemerging area of nanotechnology, also called molecular manufacturing, gaining a reputation for achievement in that field as well.
	www.cc.gatech.edu /news/merkle.html (856 words)

	Ralph Merkle -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Merkle graduated from Livermore High School in 1970 and proceeded to study (The branch of engineering science that studies (with the aid of computers) computable processes and structures) Computer Science at (Click link for more info and facts about U.C. Berkeley) U.C. Berkeley, obtaining his B.A. in 1974, and his M.S. in 1977.
		In industry, he was the manager of ((computer science) a program that decodes instructions written in a higher order language and produces an assembly language program) compiler development at Elxsi from 1980.
		In addition to his work at Georgia Tech, Merkle is also a director of the (Click link for more info and facts about Alcor Life Extension Foundation) Alcor Life Extension Foundation.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/ra/ralph_merkle.htm (333 words)

	Diffie-Hellman key exchange - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 2002, Hellman suggested the algorithm be called Diffie-Hellman-Merkle key exchange in recognition of Ralph Merkle's contribution to the invention of public-key cryptography (Hellman, 2002).
		Diffie-Hellman key agreement was invented in 1976 during a collaboration between Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman and was the first practical method for establishing a shared secret over an unprotected communications channel.
		Ralph Merkle's work on public key distribution was an influence.
	www.marylandheights.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Diffie-Hellman (1163 words)

	Honolulu Star-Bulletin Sports
		His name was Fred Merkle, and although some of the facts surrounding his misfortune are cloudy, his remains the bungle all baseball brain flatulence is measured against.
		Merkle was on first when Al Bridwell hit what was apparently a game-winning single.
		Ralph Merkle said he didn't grow up playing baseball, but over the years people asked him about Fred, and he became intrigued himself.
	starbulletin.com /2000/08/14/sports/reardon.html (573 words)

	Merkle, Gillespie, Quinn and Check Point Win 2000 RSA Awards
		Ralph Merkle Ralph Merkle co-invented public-key cryptography, winning the Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award for this achievement from the ACM in 1997 along with Leonard Adleman, Whitfield Diffie, Martin Hellman, Ronald Rivest and Adi Shamir.
		Merkle helped conceive the idea of a public-key cryptosystem in 1976, a major conceptual breakthrough without which today's electronic commerce would be impossible.
		Merkle is executive editor of the journal Nanotechnology and an advisor to the Foresight Institute.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/01-17-2000/0001116520&EDATE= (784 words)

	Biology a misleading metaphor for nanotechnology - Nanodot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A few weeks ago, nanotechnology and cryptography poo-bah Ralph Merkle sat down with me to talk about a number of issues, including the need to alter the analogy.
		What Ralph has failed to express is that we really need a way to implement something like a "broadcast architecture" for biotech (and I don't see a really easy way to do that).
		Ralph and Robert Freitas are in the process of publishing what is likely to be the definitive reference work on self-replicating systems (SRS) ("Kinematic Self-Replicating Machines") and there are aspects of it which cover in detail aspects of biological (vs. say computer or mechanically enabled SRS).
	nanodot.org /article.pl?sid=03/11/12/0537243 (797 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ralph Merkle puzzle cryptographic system
		In cryptography, Merkle's Puzzles is an early construction for a public-key cryptosystem, a protocol devised by Ralph Merkle in 1974 and published in 1978.
		Her best strategy is to solve all the puzzles, but since there are so many, this is a great deal more computationally costly for Eve than it is for Alice.
		Merkle, "Secure Communications over Insecure Channels" Communications of the ACM 21(4), pp294–299 (April 1978).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ralph-Merkle-puzzle-cryptographic-system (316 words)

	NASA Langley Research Center News Release
		Merkle will explain how nanotechnology will be essential if we want to continue the revolution in computer hardware beyond the next decade.
		Merkle will explore the theory that reduced size and weight of molecular computers and sensors can usher in a new era to space exploration.
		Merkle continues nanotechnology research as a principal fellow at Zyvex, the first molecular nanotechnology company.
	oea.larc.nasa.gov /news_rels/2000/00-083.html (369 words)

	Georgia Institute of Technology :: News Room :: Cybersecurity Pioneer Selected to Lead Information Security Center at ...
		Ralph C. Merkle joins the College of Computing faculty as Professor of Computing and director of the Georgia Tech Information Security Center (GTISC).
		The New York Times said, “Dr. Ralph C. Merkle is celebrated as an inventor of the encryption technology that allows secure transactions over the Internet.” More recently, he has focused in the emerging area of nanotechnology, also called molecular manufacturing, gaining a reputation for achievement in that field as well.
		Merkle received his B.A. and M.S. degrees in computer science from the University of California, Berkeley, and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Stanford University.
	www.gatech.edu /news-room/release.php?id=164 (1000 words)

	Foresight Update 17 Page 3
		Ralph Merkle, co-chair of this year's Foresight Molecular Nanotechnology Research Conference, talked to Foresight Update managing editor Jane Nikkel about the substance of the conference.
		Merkle has six patents and has published extensively, including "Computational Nanotechnology" in the journal Nanotechnology.
		Merkle: Yes, Charlie Musgrave is one of Bill Goddard's graduate students and currently is looking for a position, because he will be graduating with his Ph.D. fairly soon.
	www.foresight.org /Updates/Update17/Update17.3.html (3026 words)

	Publications by Ralph C. Merkle
		Merkle, R. A new family of six degrees of freedom positional devices.
		Merkle, R. Binding sites for use in a simple assembler.
		Merkle, R. Papers from the Fourth Foresight conference on molecular nanotechnology.
	www.parc.xerox.com /research/publications/results.php?author=586 (167 words)

	O'Reilly Network: Tim O'Reilly on Nanotechnology at the Foresight Gathering
		Ralph's "noteworthy rather than routine" comment was a key to his talk.
		Ralph went on from there to discuss what he thought were some significant recent achievements.
		Merkle closed with an admonitory story: Babbage had designed a stored program computer back in 1842; computers were not reinvented until a century later.
	www.oreillynet.com /pub/a/network/2002/05/28/foresight.html (1506 words)

	G4 - Feature - The Incredible Shrinking Science
		Merkle is a principal fellow at Zyvex, the first nanotechnology company geared toward manufacturing real-world nanoproducts.
		The institute awarded Merkle the 1998 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology for theory.
		In addition to his groundbreaking work in nanotechnology, Merkle coinvented public key cryptography, earning him the Association for Computer Machinery Kanellakis Award, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Kobayashi Award, and the 2000 RSA Award in Mathematics.
	www.g4tv.com /techtvvault/features/34379/The_Incredible_Shrinking_Science.html (250 words)

	Ralph Merkle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ralph C. Merkle (born 1952) is a pioneer in public key cryptography, and more recently a researcher andspeaker on nanotechnology and cryonics.
		Ralph Merkle is the great grandnephew of baseball star Fred Merkle (see History ofbaseball)
		Whitfield Diffie has described Merkle as "possibly the singlemost inventive character in the public-key saga".
	www.therfcc.org /ralph-merkle-45931.html (203 words)

	RSA Security - Recent Improvements in the Efficient Use of Merkle Trees: Additional Options for the Long Term
		A Merkle Tree is a construction introduced by Ralph Merkle in 1979 to build secure authentication and signature schemes from hash functions (e.g.
		Because Merkle Tree signatures do not rely on the difficulty of factoring or of the discrete log problem, they can serve as a hedge against “surprise” algorithmic improvements or unexpectedly rapid improvements in quantum computation technology.
		We suggest that Merkle Trees and other cryptographic constructions based on hash functions should be considered as an authentication technology that complements today’s suite of primitives.
	www.rsasecurity.com /rsalabs/node.asp?id=2003 (1273 words)

	United Press International : Expert Ralph Merkle on nanotechnology. @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Nanotechnology expert Ralph Merkle, in an interview with UPI, talked about molecular assemblers, applying open source development methods to nanoscience and the future of nanoscience research.
		Merkle is one of the world's foremost experts on nanotechnology.
		He is the executive editor of the journal Nanotechnology, an advisor to the Foresight Institute and the winner of the 1998 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology for theory.
	static.highbeam.com /u/unitedpressinternational/may232001/expertralphmerkleonnanotechnology/index.html (199 words)

	Future Nerd - Getting small--very, very small--with Xerox's Ralph Merkle. By Michael Lewis
		One of the reasons Merkle is Big Man on Campus at PARC is that people like me will never be able to evaluate what he is talking about.
		Merkle is "an artist" who "sees the future." Merkle himself sounds actually proud when he says, "If you ask what the payoff of nanotechnology is in the next 10 years, I'd have to say 'nothing.' "
		On his wrist Merkle wears a silver chain with a dog tag that tells you whom to call if you stumble upon his dead body.
	www.slate.com /id/2718 (1311 words)

	Wired News: Cryonics Over Dead Geeks' Bodies
		But Ralph Merkle, a nanotechnology researcher who maintains a Web page on cryonics, said the correct scientific answer to the question "does cryonics work?" is neither yes nor no. "The clinical trials are in progress," Merkle said.
		Merkle is also a member of the board of directors at Alcor, a cryonic suspension facility in Scottsdale, Arizona, one of the three cryonic suspension facilities in the United States.
		Merkle firmly believes that current suspension methods can preserve the structures in the human brain that encode long-term memory and personality.
	www.wired.com /news/culture/0,1284,45188,00.html (818 words)

	The Future of Life: Ralph Merkle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ralph Merkle is known as the co-inventor of public key cryptography and as a pioneer of molecular manufacturing, commonly known as nanotechnology.
		He was co-recipient of the 1998 Feynman Prize for Nanotechnology for Theoretical Work and of the ACM's Kanellakis Award for Theory and Practice, and received the 2000 RSA Award in Mathematics and the Kobayashi Award of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
		Merkle received his B.A. and M.A. degrees in computer science from the University of California, Berkeley, and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Stanford University.
	www.thefutureoflife.com /speakers/merkle.htm (227 words)

	Small Times: News about MEMS, Nanotechnology and Microsystems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Nanotech pioneer Ralph Merkle will step down from that post this week at Zyvex, a Texas-based maker of tools and technologies for molecularly precise manufacturing.
		Although Green said it was Merkle's decision — he cited the difficulty of regular commutes between Texas and his California home — the company has been shifting its focus from theoretical concepts to product development.
		Merkle was winner of the 1998 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology, sponsored by the Foresight Institute.
	www.smalltimes.com /print_doc.cfm?doc_id=5569 (216 words)

	Dragon*Con Biography: [Ralph Merkle]
		Merkle received his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1979 where he co-invented public key cryptography.
		He was co-recipient of the 1998 Feynman Prize for Nanotechnology for theory, co-recipient of the ACM's Kanellakis Award for Theory and Practice and the 2000 RSA Award in Mathematics.
		Merkle has twelve patents and has published extensively.
	www.dragoncon.org /people/merkler.html (122 words)

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