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	Our Heritage 061203
		They are the Siyam Nikaya (the Siamese Sect), Amarapura Nikaya and Ramanna Nikaya.
		It was on the initiative of Velivita Sri Saranankara Thera (he was later appointed Sanghanayaka) that the King invited the delegation to restore higher ordination or 'upasampada' and rekindle the Buddhist faith.
		The Ramanna Nikaya was established on December 19, 1864.
	www.sundaytimes.lk /061217/FunDay/heritage.html (582 words)

	LINES
		While many of the distinctions between the nikayas have become muted in the second half of the twentieth century - for instance monks routinely live for periods in temples belonging to other orders other than their own for purposes like education – discomfort about possible dangers to disunity remain.
		All monks in this Council were to be appointed on the recommendations of the four mahanayakas (of the Asgiriya and Malwatta chapters of the Siyam Nikaya and of the Amarapura and Ramaņņa Nikayas).
		The term nikaya is used to denote a body of monks that holds independent higher ordination (upasampada) ceremonies but also for a collection of such bodies that have elements of common origin or common governance.
	www.lines-magazine.org /Art_May03/desilva.htm (4460 words)

	Theravada - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Different orders, which are referred to as nikayas, has not resulted in the development of separate doctrines.
		Sri Lanka - Siam Nikaya, Amarapura Nikaya and Ramanna Nikaya.
		The diversity of Buddhist thought has sometimes led to criticism of Theravada by other schools, although it is important to note that such criticism is far from universal, and that Buddhists of different schools often interact on terms of mutual respect.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Theravada (1050 words)

	Our People Around the World
		Amarapura Nikaya and Ramanna Nikaya originated as a protest against the Siyam Nikaya's established tradition of recruiting novices only from the goyigama (cultivators) caste of Sinhalese.
		Due to the public revulsion of the involvement of monks in the murder of the prime minister, Tambiah observes that in the twin elections of 1960, "the monks were not by and large visible and active".
		The volatile and "political" monk of the 1960s was Henpitagedera Gnanasiha (belonging to the Ramwana Nikaya) who was purported to be involved in the unsuccessful 1966 coup against the UNP government.
	www.eelamweb.com /books/buddhism.html (1156 words)

	Theravada Buddhism
		The Abhidhamma Pitaka is recited at the Council, along with additional sections of the Khuddaka Nikaya.
		The modern Pali Tipitaka is now essentially complete, although some scholars have suggested that at least two parts of the extant Canon — the Parivara in the Vinaya, and the Apadana in the Sutta — may date from a later period.
		King Rama I, founder of the current dynasty in Thailand, obtains copies of the Tipitaka from Sri Lanka and sponsors a Council to standardize the Thai version of the Tipitaka, copies of which are then donated to temples throughout the country.
	www.accesstoinsight.org /history.html (2069 words)

	ramanna_nikaya (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Vanavasa Nikaya) Amarapura Nikaya Kanduboda (or Swejin Nikaya) Tapovana (or Kalyanavamsa) RamaÃ±Ã±a Nikaya Galduwa (or Kalyana Yogashramaya Samsthava) Delduwa Thailand Maha Nikaya Dhammakaya Thammayut Nikaya Thai...
		Wewaldeniye Medhalankara Maha Nayaka Thera of the Sri Lanka Ramanna Nikaya yesterday morning.
		- Ramanna Nikaya : This sect was established in the late nineteenth century as a...
	ramanna_nikaya.networklive.org (281 words)

	Ramanna Nikaya - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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		Ramanna Nikaya (or Ramanya Nikaya) is one of the most orthodox Buddhist orders in Sri Lanka.
		It is the equivalent of Thammayut Nikaya, a similar order in Thailand.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ramanna_Nikaya (76 words)

	Buddhism in Sri Lanka - Buddhism and Srilanka - Official Religion of Sri Lanka (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Siyam Nikaya: In the 18th century, the official line of monastic ordination had been broken since monks at that time no longer knew the Pali tradition.
		Amarapura Nikaya: This sect was initiated by members of rising low-country castes discontent with monopoly over the monastic community by the upper castes in the 19th century.
		Ramanna Nikaya: This sect was established in the late nineteenth century as a result of disputes over some points of doctrine and the practice of meditation.
	www.tourism-srilanka.com /buddhism-in-sri-lanka.html (365 words)

	Sri Lanka Buddhism
		These initiates set up a reformed sect known as the Siyam Nikaya (the Siamese order), which invigorated the study and propagation of the ancient Sinhalese heritage.
		Disputes over doctrinal matters and the role of meditation led to the establishment of another order, the Ramanna Nikaya, in the late nineteenth century.
		In the 1980s, the Sinhalese sangha of 20,000 monks fell into three major orders, subdivided into "families": the Siyam Nikaya contained six divisions; the Amarapura Nikaya, twenty-three; and the Ramanna Nikaya, two.
	www.country-studies.com /sri-lanka/buddhism.html (2409 words)

	In The Media - P-TOMS no threat to national security or territorial integrity : President tells Maha Sangha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Weweldeniya Medhalankara Thera, the Maha Nayake of the Ramanna Nikaya and the Most Ven.Davuldena Gnanissara Thera, the Supreme Maha Nayake of the Amarapura Sangha Sabha led the delegation of Maha Sangha who met the President.
		Udugama Sri Buddharakkhitha Thera, the Maha Nayake of the Asgiriya Chapter had informed the President of his inability to attend yesterday's meeting due to his engagement with the religious observances of the Upasampada Vinaya Karma and Thewawa of the Sri Dalada Maligawa, Kandy and informed her that he would call on her today.
		It was decided that the Venerable Maha Nayake of the Ramanna Nikaya should meet Ven.
	www.peaceinsrilanka.org /InsideNews/news.asp?newsID=4067 (510 words)

	Highest Bhikkhu ordination
		Malwatte Vihara was earlier known as Pushparamaya and those ordained belonged to the Siyam Nikaya ("Shyamopali Maha Nikaya") The Maha Thera Upali established two Chapters known as 'Malwatta' and 'Asgiriya' to prevent a repetition of what happened earlier.
		The Sri Lanka Ramanna Nikaya was established in 1864, when the 'Samanera' Ambagahawatte Saranankara returned to the island, having received the 'Upasampada' from the Ven.
		The Amarapura Nikaya came into existence in 1803, when the 'Samanera' Ambaghapitiye Gnanawimalatissa went to Myanmar and received the ordination from Gnanabhivamsa Dhammasenapathi Sangharaja, as he too was not absorbed to the Siyam Nikaya due to caste difference.
	www.buddhanet.net /budsas/ebud/ebsut052.htm (1736 words)

	Ramanna Nikaya
		Ramanna Nikaya (or Ramanya Nikaya) is one of the most orthodox Buddhist orders in Sri Lanka.
		Ramanna Nikaya is said to be similar to the Thammayut Nikaya order of Thailand.
		Ramanya Nikaya is currently survived in Thailand, Burma and Sri Lanka.
	ramanna-nikaya.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Ramanna_Nikaya (829 words)

	Online edition of Sunday Observer - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Weweldeniye Medananda Mahanayake Thera of Sri Lanka Ramanna Nikaya and Ven.
		Dawuldena Gnanissara Mahanayake Thera of Amarapura Nikaya visited the scene of the fast and handed over two separate letters requesting him to terminate the fast, on the grounds that President Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga had given an assurance to the Maha Sangha that the common machinery would not be signed without consulting them.
		The Mahanayake Theras told the fasting monk that there was no need to continue the fast since so far no steps had been taken to sign the common machinery by the President.
	www.sundayobserver.lk /2005/06/12/new01.html (264 words)

	Journal of Buddhist Ethics
		This is the basis on which the Mahanayakas of Asgiriya and Malwatta Chapters of the Siyam Nikaya and the Mahanayakaof the Ramanna Nikaya and Uttarithara Mahanayakaof the Amarapura Nikaya made a statement from Japan in early June.
		And while all nikayas have elaborate machinery to settle doctrinal and disciplinary matters, many monks view such machinery as somewhat ineffective.
		There is thus an understandable tendency to look back with some nostalgia to ancient Ceylon when "all the Bhikkhus in Ceylon, wherever they lived, owed ecclesiastical allegiance to the Mahavihara at Anuradhapura"(6) and when a Buddhist ruler enforced the decisions of ecclesiastical tribunals.
	jbe.gold.ac.uk /10/silva-sri-lanka-conf.php (1944 words)

	info: THERAVADA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Theravada (Pali; Sanskrit: Sthaviravada) is one of the eighteen (or twenty) Nikaya schools that formed early in the history of Buddhism.
		Though Sri Lankan monastic nikayas are often organized along caste lines, men who ordain as monks temporarily pass outside of the conventional caste system, and as such during their time as monks may act (or be treated) in a way that would not be in line with the expected duties and privileges of their caste.
		The ceremony performed for temporary ordination is typically the samana (or novice) ordination that monks undergo when they begin their training.
	www.info-greece.net /Theravada (2407 words)

	Buddhism / schools of buddhism / ramanna nikaya
		Buddhism / schools of buddhism / ramanna nikaya
		Index / Buddhism / Schools Of Buddhism / Ramanna Nikaya /
		A list of the wikipedia authors can be found here.
	www.buddhism-guide.com /buddhism/ramanna_nikaya.htm (75 words)

	Buddhist Monks and Politics in Sri Lanka - 1987
		Amarapura monks, on the other hand, are almost solely from lower-caste backgrounds, while Ramanna monks are from all castes, being distinguished by their disciplinary rigour and relative poverty.(12) Thus, a comparison of Siyam- non-Siyam allows a general gauge of "ruling mainstream" versus "plebian reform" monastics, though the monks themselves rarely acknowledge any such tensions.
		He found for instance that Ramanna monks were more favorable to Buddhist-Marxist synthesis, but less tolerant of other religions, perhaps because Ramanna monks were in the forefront of the fight against Christian missionaries as a part of the anti-colonial struggle.
		For instance, the Daily News reported in early 1985 that 600 young sramaneras were to ordained into the Ramanna Nikaya in Panadura, with the participation of 7,500 bhikkhus, presumably mostly from the Ramanna sect though there are only an estimated 5,000 Ramanna monks in the whole country.
	www.changesurfer.com /Bud/Sri/Sri.html (12849 words)

	One island, two nations? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		A press release states that this declaration was made under the leadership of the Maha Sangha.
		At the YMBA Borella meeting that spawned the declaration, the only Maha Nayaka present was the Ven Madihe Pannaseeha of the Amarapura Nikaya.
		Although the Maha Nayakas of the Asgiriya and Malwatte chapters along with the Ramanna Nikaya were absent, the organisers of the meeting claim that these venerable prelates too endorse and support the declaration.
	www.tamilcanadian.com /news/00/04/182.html (3467 words)

	BBCSinhala.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Sanghanayas, the Ven.Udugama Buddharakkitha Thera of the Asgiriya Chapter, the Ven.Thibbotuwawe Sumangala Thera of the Malwatte Chapter, the Ven.Wewaldeniye Medhalankara Thero of the Ramanna Chapter and the Ven.Davuldena Gnanissara of the Amerapura chapter issued a signed statement today expressing their decision.
		They say they stongly oppose to the signing of the agreement by the government with the LTTE which is a nationalistic,terrorist and separtist organisation without consulting the representative public institutions.
		The Maha Nayaka Thera of the Ramanna Nikaya, the Ven.Wewaldeniye Medhalankara thera told Sandesaya that this letter was meant to open up president's eye on to what is said to be taking place in the north and east and take appropriate action.
	bbc.co.uk /sinhala/news/story/2005/06/printable/050609_trinikaya.shtml (351 words)

	"Country lost an authority on Buddhist law and a pious monk by the passing away of Mirisse Dharmasiri Maha Thera" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Venerable Anu nayaka Thero of the Ramanna Nikaya said, that Dharmasiri mahatheraâ€™s wide knowledge of the Vinayaka Pitaka, the democratic laws governing the lives of monks and laity was extremely evident in his scholarship exhibited by the treatise he wrote- Sanghadhikarana Jothika, a comparative study of the Buddhist canonical laws with modern jurisprudence.
		The most Venerable Balangoda Pannawasa Thero said Venerable Dharmasiri was a pious monk and he was appointed an Arbitrator and a Mahopadya of the Ramanna Nikaya.
		The Anu Nayaka Thero of the Ramanna Nikaya speaking further said that
	www.asiantribune.com /index.php?q=node/3295/print (376 words)

	A Chronology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This is the origin of the Siyam Nikaya.
		King Rama I, founder of the current dynasty in Thailand, obtains copies of the Tipitaka from Sri Lanka and sponsors a Council to standardize the Thai version of the Tipitaka, copies of which are then donated to temples throughout the country.
		Sri Lankans ordained in the Burmese city of Amarapura found the Amarapura Nikaya in Sri Lanka to supplement the Siyam Nikaya, which admitted only brahmins from the Up Country highlands around Kandy.
	hjem.get2net.dk /civet-cat/theravada-writings/chronology.htm (1925 words)

	Journal of Academic Indology \| Bibliographic Encyclopedia \| Authors \| Ramanna, A. - aPM178 - EIPA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Ramanna+A. Explore the Sacred Texts Database for Ramanna+A. Search the EU Sacred Texts Database for Ramanna+A. Explore the Oriental Subject Index for Ramanna+A. Explore the Oriental Encyclopedia for Ramanna+A. Explore the Indology Journal Database for Ramanna+A. Explore the Forum Database for Ramanna+A. Ramanna, A. - aPM178 - EIPA
		The Mists of Ramanna: The Legend That Was Lower Burma
		Bhikkhu: Sri lamka ramaÃ±Ã±a maha nikaya aitihasika upasampada vinaya karmaya
	www.indology.net /biblio-11783.html (298 words)

	A Chronology
		The Abhidhamma Pitaka is recited at the Council, along with additional sections of the Khuddaka Nikaya.
		The modern Pali Tipitaka is now essentially complete, although some scholars have suggested that at least two parts of the extant Canon -- the Parivara in the Vinaya, and the Apadana in the Sutta -- may date from a later period.
		Sri Lankans ordained in the Burmese city of Amarapura found the Amarapura Nikaya in Sri Lanka to supplement the Siyam Nikaya, which admitted only brahmans from the Up Country highlands around Kandy.
	www.cambodianbuddhist.org /english/website/history.html (1965 words)

	Online edition of Sunday Observer - Business (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Boyagala Wimalasiri Thera, Shyamopali Maha Nikaya Anunayaka of the Malawattha Chapter Ven.
		Ambanwelle Pannasekara Nayaka Thera, Shyamopali Maha Nikaya Anunayaka of Asgiri Chapter Ven.
		Weveldeniye Medhalankara Nayaka Thera spoke at the cremation ceremony.
	www.sundayobserver.lk /2003/09/14/new02.html (210 words)

	BBCSinhala.com
		Chief Prelates Thibbotuwawe Sri Sumangala Mahanayake thero of the Malwatta chapter of the Siyam Nikaya, Veweldeniye Medhalankara of the Sri Lanka Ramanna Nikaya, Davuldena Sri Gnanissara Mahanayake thero and Veligama Sri Gnarathana thero of the Sri Lanka Amarapura Nikaya have attended the meeting.
		Udugama Sri Buddharakkkhita Mahanayake thero, Mahanayake thero of the Asgiriya chapter of the Siyam Nikaya, did not attend the meeting.
		Karunarathne said the president requested the Mahanayakes to urge Omalpe Sobhita thero, who is conducting a fast in the Tample of the Tooth in Kandy, to abandon the fast.
	www.bbc.co.uk /sinhala/news/story/2005/06/printable/050610_mahanayake_jm.shtml (277 words)

	Daily Mirror Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Maha Sangha representing the three main Nikayas has come out strongly against Valentine's Day, calling on the government to bring in laws to stop it before it causes a spiritual devastation in Sri Lankan youths.
		Udugama Sri Buddharakkita Mahanayake Thera, the Amarapura Nikaya prelate, Ven.
		Wewaldeniya Meddalankara Mahanayake Thera in an appeal to the President and the Prime Minister urged them to take action to prevent innocent school children and the youth from being given distorted ideas on the pretext of the so-called lovers' day.
	www.dailymirror.lk /archives/dmr130202/News/prelates.html (356 words)

	LankaWeb News
		Finally, we wish to reiterate that it must be the concern of every citizen who considers Sri Lanka as his/her motherland to extend a helping hand to preserve and protect our national sovereignty and territorial integrity and thus work towards an honourable peace to all sections of the people.
		Sgd: Ambanvelle Pannasekera Venerable Anunayake Thera of the Malvatta Chapter of the Siam Nikaya
		Sgd: Galagama Sri Atthadassi Venerable Anunayaka Thera of the Asgiriya Chapter of the Siam Nikaya
	www.lankaweb.com /news/items02/210402-2.html (864 words)

	SikhSpectrum.com Monthly. Two Great Needs of Buddhists
		Whilst the Siyam Nikaya admits only persons of Govigama caste, the Ramanna Nikaya, true to the Buddha's teaching and practice admits persons of all castes into its fold.
		The Amarapura Nikaya adopted the same practice but soon broke up into thirty Vamsa, mainly on caste lines.
		There is also another Amarapura Nikaya, the Kalyana Vamsa, which is independent of the said Committee.
	www.sikhspectrum.com /112002/wesak.htm (1757 words)

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