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Topic: Random access

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	Random access - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In computer science, random access is the ability to access a random element of a group in equal time.
		The term random access memory (RAM), however, is used for semiconductor chip memory circuits used in computers.
		Random access is critical to many algorithms such as quicksort and binary search.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Random_access (193 words)

	Random access memory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Random access memory (sometimes random-access memory), commonly known by its acronym RAM, is a type of computer storage (in practice only computer chips) whose contents can be accessed in any (i.e., random) order.
		One defining characteristic of RAM is that its accesses to different memory locations are almost always completed at about the same speed, in contrast to some other technologies that required a certain delay time for a bit or byte to “come around”.
		Core memory, which used wires attached to small ferrite electromagnetic cores, also had roughly equal access time (the term “core” is still used by some programmers to describe the RAM at the heart of a computer).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Random_access_memory (1009 words)

	Static Random Access Memory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) is a type of semiconductor memory.
		The word "static" indicates that the memory retains its contents as long as power remains applied, unlike dynamic RAM (DRAM) that needs to be periodically refreshed.
		Random access means that locations in the memory can be written to or read from in any order, regardless of the memory location that was last accessed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Static_Random_Access_Memory (624 words)

	Random Access Iterator
		A Random Access Iterator is an iterator that provides both increment and decrement (just like a Bidirectional Iterator), and that also provides constant-time methods for moving forward and backward in arbitrary-sized steps.
		Random Access Iterators provide essentially all of the operations of ordinary C pointer arithmetic.
		The distinction is simply that the Bidirectional Iterator implementations are linear time, while Random Access Iterators are required to support random access to elements in amortized constant time.
	www.sgi.com /tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html (378 words)

	Howstuffworks "How RAM Works"
		Random access memory (RAM) is the best known form of computer memory.
		RAM is considered "random access" because you can access any memory cell directly if you know the row and column that intersect at that cell.
		SAM stores data as a series of memory cells that can only be accessed sequentially (like a cassette tape).
	computer.howstuffworks.com /ram.htm (168 words)

	Random access memory file apparatus for personal computer with external memory file - Patent 4791564
		In a specific form of the present invention, the external memory means is a floppy disc of a sequential access type for storing files which are to be outputted in the form of a random access memory file containing an address map.
		The random access memory RAM functioning as a read/write memory is a dynamic RAM for storing the program loaded from an external memory.
		After the operation has been completed, all the data are stored in the sequential access type floppy disc drive system SDD through the memory file CMF, so that a random access feature can be conducted as the first feature of the present invention.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4791564.html (2147 words)

	Remote Control Parenting (washingtonpost.com)
		Random Access is a daily column by Robert MacMillan that explores the latest trends in technology and how they are changing daily life.
		Most of what you see will be culled from news sources and blogs from around the world, though we will supplement Random Access with original files on the novel, unusual, bizarre and reactionary happenings in the world of technology and society.
		Past efforts to pass nationwide laws to restrict access to X-rated content online ran afoul of the Constitution, and a current law that would require Web site operators to find ways to keep children from visiting their sites is still awaiting judicial review.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A46481-2005Mar18.html (735 words)

	Dynamic random access memory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		DRAM is a type of random access memory that stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor.
		During a memory-read operation, the first component accessed the data from the memory array to the output stage (second latch).
		Since the data is already in the output buffer, faster access time is achieved (up to 50% for large blocks of data) than with traditional EDO.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/DRAM (2386 words)

	Bambooweb: Sequential access
		Sequential access is sometimes the only way of accessing the data, for example if it is on a tape.
		It may also be the access method of choice, for example if we simply want to process a sequence of data elements in order.
		As a result, many algorithms such as quicksort and binary search degenerate into bad algorithms that are even less efficient than their naive alternatives; these algorithms are impractical without random access.
	www.bambooweb.com /articles/s/e/Sequential_access.html (184 words)

	Random Access File I/O
		In contrast to stream access to a file in which the data must be processed in sequential order, random access allows the data to be processed in non-sequential order.
		The unpredictable nature of the data access pattern usually arises because the data access is driven by factors outside of the control, planning, and arrangement of the processing system.
		A file organized for random access has a controllable, logical pointer that indicates at what position in the file the next input or output operation will take place.
	ei.cs.vt.edu /~kafura/java/Chapter8/random.html (2013 words)

	SDRAM - Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
		Synchronous dynamic random access memory delivers bursts of data at high speeds using a synchronous interface.
		Synchronous dynamic random access memory: A DRAM that transfers data in synchronization with the system clock, performing one data transfer for each clock cycle.
		synchronous dynamic random access memory, a type of memory used by most current low to mid range systems for their main memory.
	www.auditmypc.com /acronym/SDRAM.asp (1085 words)

	Random Access XML Programming Assisted with XML Hardware
		Random access to XML is described by the W3C's XML Binary Characterization Working Group as one of the properties of high-performance XML.
		Random Access XML programming is more than a specific API or tool for processing XML - like DOM and SAX it involves a model for XML data representation and a way of thinking about the problem of processing XML.
		Also, it is possible to mix sequential access and random access, using random access for efficient access into critical subdocuments.
	www.idealliance.org /proceedings/xml04/papers/299/RandomAccessXML.html (3280 words)

	What is random access? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		The opposite of random access is sequential access.
		In a random-access system, you can jump directly to point Z. Disks are random access media, whereas tapes are sequential access media.
		The terms random access and sequential access are often used to describe data files.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/R/random_access.html (369 words)

	DRAM - a Whatis.com definition - see also: dynamic random access memory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is the most common kind of random access memory (RAM) for personal computers and workstations.
		Random access means that the PC processor can access any part of the memory directly rather than having to proceed sequentially from some starting place.
		Static RAM does not need refreshing because it operates on the principle of moving current that is switched in one of two directions rather than a storage cell that holds a charge in place.
	searchstorage.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid5_gci213914,00.html (257 words)

	Computer, Telephony and Electronics Glossary and Dictionary
		In a random access system, you can jump directly to point Z. Disks are random access media, whereas tapes are sequential access media.
		A random access data file enables you to read or write information anywhere in the file.
		Random access is sometimes called direct access, the reason Microsoft named the database product they make what they did.
	www.csgnetwork.com /glossaryr.html (7409 words)

	Saugus.net: random access (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Also called "dynamic access" this indicates that data can be selected without having to skip over earlier data first.
		This is the way that a CD, record, laserdisc, or DVD will behave -- it is easy to selectively play a particular track without having to fast forward through earlier tracks.
		The other common behavior is called sequential access.
	www.saugus.net /Computer/Terms/randomaccess/view (58 words)

	RAM - a Whatis.com definition - see also: random access memory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		RAM (random access memory) is the place in a computer where the operating system, application programs, and data in current use are kept so that they can be quickly reached by the computer's processor.
		RAM is called "random access" because any storage location can be accessed directly.
		Originally, the term distinguished regular core memory from offline memory, usually on magnetic tape in which an item of data could only be accessed by starting from the beginning of the tape and finding an address sequentially.
	searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid40_gci214255,00.html (645 words)

	SurfWax: News, Reviews and Articles On Random Access Memory
		Samsung's admission is the fourth by a top maker of dynamic random access memory chips, known as DRAM chips, and caps a probe that began in 2002, shortly after Dell Inc. founder Michael Dell complained at a financial conference that the chip makers were exhibiting "cartel-like behavior.".
		Unlike dynamic random access memory (DRAM), magnetic RAM chips keep their stored data after the power is switched off and provide faster computing speeds, while ferroelectric RAM chips have faster data processing speeds than flash memory and need less power.
		The price of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is predicted to achieve single-digit growth in the second half of the year from the first half, driven by the year's end peak season and the clearance of supplies, analysts and manufacturers said yesterday.
	telecom.surfwax.com /files/Random_Access_Memory.html (4949 words)

	Working with Random Access Files
		The input and output streams in this lesson so far have been sequential access streams--streams whose contents must be read or written sequentially.
		While still incredibly useful, sequential access files are a consequence of a sequential medium such as magnetic tape.
		Random access files, on the other hand, permit nonsequential, or random, access to the contents of a file.
	www.iam.ubc.ca /guides/javatut99/essential/io/rafs.html (317 words)

	Memory upgrades from Crucial Europe - Memory Terms Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A computer feature that allows peripheral systems to access the memory for both read and write operations without affecting the state of the computer's central processor.
		Random Access Memory - a data storage device for which the order of access to different locations does not affect the speed of access.
		((Static Random Access Memory) An integrated circuit similar to a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) with the exception that the memory does not need to be refreshed.
	www.crucial.com /uk/library/glossary.asp (5102 words)

	Random Access Memory
		The most common type of RAM used in memory modules is DRAM, for Dynamic Random Access Memory.
		The time it takes a CPU to access information stored in RAM is measured in nanoseconds, abbreviated "ns." A nanosecond is a millionth of a second.
		SRAM, which stands for Static Random Access Memory, is much faster, boasting access times in the 5- to 20-nanosecond range.
	www.spokane.net /pluggedin/pram.asp (583 words)

	random-access memory from FOLDOC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This is in contrast to, say, a magnetic disk, magnetic tape or a mercury delay line where it is very much quicker to access data sequentially because accessing a non-sequential location requires physical movement of the storage medium rather than just electronic switching.
		Most kinds of semiconductor read-only memory (ROM) are actually "random access" in the above sense but are never referred to as RAM.
		Interestingly, some DRAM devices are not truly random access because various kinds of "page mode" or "column mode" mean that sequential access is faster than random access.
	foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk /foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Random+Access+Memory (223 words)

	Random Access Unleashed
		Random Access and Sooper Crack, though the second was only a stop gap, incase the first one was not available.
		So much that from 1 Random Access in 1999 (yeah, I was the first), it has become at 30-40 people having the nick of Random Access in ICQ.
		But as usual, Random Access sure does rock...though my blogspot ID is still sooper-crack.
	sooper-crack.blogspot.com (3454 words)

	Business Wire: Random Access commences proxy mailing regarding... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Under the terms of the proposed merger, Random Access would become a wholly-owned subsidiary of ENTEX, and the shareholders of Random Access would receive a cash payment of $3.25 per share of Random Access common stock.
		Consummation of the merger is subject to certain conditions including approval by holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding Random Access common stock.
		Random Access provides PC systems and services to large volume customers in the western United States region, including microcomputer hardware and software; local- and wide- area networking systems, design and support; videoconferencing and telecommunications consulting; high performance workstations; and service, training/education and support.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:17335969&refid=ink_tptd_g1 (320 words)

	Cisco 2500 Series Access Server Maintenance
		You must open the access server chassis to gain access to its interior components: the system card, system code single inline memory modules (SIMMs), and dynamic random access memory (DRAM) SIMMs.
		The access server will power cycle; the configuration register will be set to 0x142; and the access server will boot the boot ROM system image and prompt you with the system configuration dialog as follows:
		To avoid confusion and possibly halting the access server, remember that valid configuration register settings might be combinations of settings and not just the individual settings listed in Table B-2.
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/product/access/acs_fix/cis2500/2509/acsvrug/maint.htm (3824 words)

	A Dynamic Queue MAC Protocol for Random Access Channels with Multlpacket Reception - Zhao, Tong (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		By adaptively changing the size of the contention class (defined as a subset of users who can access the channel at the same time) according to the traffic load and the channel MPR capability, the proposed dynamic queue protocol provides superior channel efficiency at high traffic load and minimum delay at low traffic load.
		Within each transmission period, the MAC is random access and distributed.
		Zhao and L. Tong, " A Dynamic Queue MAC Protocol for Random Access Channels with Multipacket Reception," Proceedings of the 34th Asilomar Conf.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /zhao00dynamic.html (580 words)

	RAM - Random Access Memory information
		Once the data is loaded into memory, the CPU is able to access it much more quickly than if it had to retrieve it from the hard drive.
		In an average computer, it takes the CPU approximately 200ns (nanoseconds) to access RAM compared to 12,000,000ns to access the hard drive.
		Access time comparision between RAM and a hard drive.
	www.dedson.com /Your_computer/RAM/ram.html (848 words)

	Random Access XML Programming Assisted with XML Hardware (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This can be accomplished with a random access table, a direct indexing structure.
		Because access table can be built on demand, it is not obligatory to persist it for multiple uses to amortize
		This question is not treated in this paper but there are techniques combining random access and update.
	www.tarari.com /PDF/RandomAccessXML (3268 words)

	What is RAM? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		Pronounced ramm, acronym for random access memory, a type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly; that is, any byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes.
		RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and other devices, such as printers.
		Describes memory technology types, memory speed, access and timing, DRAM technologies, memory size and packaging, errors, detection and correction, and logical memory layout.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/R/RAM.html (608 words)

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