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Topic: Rangaku

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	Rangaku - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Through Rangaku Japan learnt many aspects of the scientific and technological revolution occurring in Europe at that time, helping the country build up the beginnings of a theoretical and technological scientific base, which help explain Japan's success in her radical and speedy modernization following the opening of the country to foreign trade in 1854.
		In a rather rare case of "reverse Rangaku", a 1803 treatise on the raising of silk worms and manufacture of silk "Secret treatise on the silk worm" (養蚕秘録) was even brought to Europe by Siebold and translated into French and Italian in 1848, contributing to the development of the silk industry in Europe.
		As these Rangaku scholars usually took a pro-Western stance, in line with the policy of the Bakufu, but against anti-foreign imperialistic movements, several were assassinated, such as Sakuma Shozan in 1864 or Sakamoto Ryoma in 1867.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rangaku (3632 words)

	Rangaku info here at en.44of100b.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Rows Rangaku be Rangaku 3 to 5 feet apart for Rangaku Rangaku and 4 to 6 feet single-handedly for non-staked Rangaku.
		rangaku - dutch learning rangaku (literally "dutch learning") refers to the body of knowledge developed in japan during the sakoku period (1641-1853) during which the country was closed to foreigners.
		rangaku - dutch learning as the dutch trading post at dejima was effectively an enclave of the netherlands, for 212 years it was just about japan's only way to keep tabs on european scientific progress (pdf).
	en.44of100b.info /Rangaku (3706 words)

	Posts tagged with rangaku \| MetaFilter
		Rangaku (literally "Dutch Learning") refers to the body of knowledge developed in Japan during the Sakoku period (1641-1853) during which the country was closed to foreigners.
		As the Dutch trading post at Dejima was effectively an enclave of the Netherlands, for 212 years it was just about Japan's only way to keep tabs on European scientific progress (pdf).
		Rangaku has influenced Japanese medicine, anatomy, engineering, meteorology, and chemistry, among other fields.
	www.metafilter.com /tags/rangaku (80 words)

	Philipp Franz von Siebold - Wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		He was noted for his study of Japanese flora and fauna.
		He conducted research with the cooperation of the interpreters (institutionalised by the Shogun) and Japanese students (Rangaku[?]).
		When he was expelled from Japan in 1829, he went to Leiden, where he authored Nippon in 1832.
	wikipedia.findthelinks.com /si/Siebold.html (211 words)

	Dutch-Japanese Relations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		In 1720, the eighth Shogun, Yoshimune, lifted the ban on western books, except for Christian religious literature, and shortly after scientific books began to be imported into Japan.
		Study through the Dutch language was called `Rangaku` or Dutch Learning and scholars such as Sugita Genpaku achieved remarkable results.
		`Rangaku` was followed by contacts between many universities.
	www.holland-expo2005.com /1036/Dutch-Japanese.Relations.html (5016 words)

	Japan - Decline of the Tokugawa
		Rangaku became crucial not only in understanding the foreign "barbarians" but also in using the knowledge gained from the West to fend them off.
		The shogun's advisers pushed for a return to the martial spirit, more restrictions on foreign trade and contacts, suppression of Rangaku, censorship of literature, and elimination of "luxury" in the government and samurai class.
		Others sought the overthrow of the Tokugawa and espoused the political doctrine of sonno-joi (revere the emperor, expel the barbarians), which called for unity under imperial rule and opposed foreign intrusions.
	countrystudies.us /japan/21.htm (1600 words)

	Biography of Fukuzawa Yukichi - History Essay
		My hypothesis is that his knowledge helped him to gain support and respect from the bakufu as well as the citizens, and helped him to open schools throughout Japan and travel abroad to study.
		Fukuzawa’s knowledge in foreign studies and rangaku were quite advantageous when trying to spread foreign studies.
		Also, by learning “rangaku”, Fukuzawa was able to learn English easily, as well as being able to relate with the Europeans and the Americans.
	www.freeonlineresearchpapers.com /node/1015 (2278 words)

	Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine/History
		During this period, OGATA Koan taught his students Rangaku and Medicine.
		He had developed a number of human assets, who contributed to the modernization of Japan from the Bakumatsu (end of Edo era) to the Meiji period, including HASHIMOTO Sanai, OMURA Masujiro, FUKUZAWA Yukichi, NAGAYO Sensai, TAKAMATSU Ryoun, SANO Tsunetami and OTORI Keisuke.
		It passes on its history as a hub for development of Rangaku in Japan.
	www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp /eng/e_rekisi.html (425 words)

	The Ultimate Dejima Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		European scholars such as Engelbert Kaempfer, Carl Peter Thunberg, and Philipp Franz von Siebold were allowed to enter the mainland with the shogunate's permission.
		Starting in the 1700s, Deshima became known throughout Japan as a center of medicine, military science, and astronomy, and many samurai travelled there for "Dutch studies" (Rangaku).
		In addition, the Head of the Dutch 'factory' (trading post) was treated like a Japanese daimyo, which meant that he had to pay a visit of homage to the Shogun in Edo once every two years (the so-called sankin kotai).
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Dejima (385 words)

	Tairo Ii Naosuke
		Well before Commodore Perry's sudden arrival at Uraga in June 1853, knowledge gleaned of Western cultures through the Dutch trading post at Nagasaki had already begun to attract the excited interest of Japan's upper class.
		Katsu Kaishu, the son of a samurai, became a keen student of rangaku, the study of Europe and its science known as "Dutch learning." The few samurai who studied rangaku were often considered to be eccentric.
		While in San Francisco, Fukuzawa Yukichi, a rangaku scholar and leading proponent of Westernization, was not very impressed with many of the marvels of American technology.
	www.koreanhistoryproject.org /Ket/C20/E2004.htm (3947 words)

	Little Steven Online
		Influenced writers of the romantic age, and evoked interest in the unknown and infinite, in reaction to 18th century rationalism.
		Japanese Rangaku school of Dutch learning thrived despite restrictions and bans upon Christian writings.
		Liberal, pro-foreign ideas of the 'Dutch scholars' began to spread through Japan from the Dutch trading station at Deshima.
	www.littlesteven.com /essays-bastimeline-6.html (1158 words)

	Japanese Education
		Since all the new European ideas came to Japan from the Netherlands, the European studies became known as rangaku, or Dutch studies.
		At private schools, called shijuku, they could learn “Western medicine, modern military science, gunnery, rangaku,” (“Japan: Historical Background”) and the historic culture of Japan.
		In addition, they were taught non-scholarly topics, like how to carry themselves in public, how to perform the tea ceremony, “no chanting and drums, fencing, swordsmanship, horseback riding, archery, Chinese and Japanese poetry, chess, and backgammon” (Jansen p.
	www.lakesideschool.org /studentweb/worldhistory/EastAsia1400-1700e/japaneseeducation.htm (1513 words)

	The Arithmeum » Past Special Exhibitions » Rangaku - Western Sciences in Japan during the Edo Period (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Arithmeum » Past Special Exhibitions » Rangaku - Western Sciences in Japan during the Edo Period
		Rangaku - Western Sciences in Japan during the Edo Period
		Translated, “Rangaku” denotes “Dutch Sciences“, and signifies Japanese research in the areas of Western sciences during the Edo Period (1600-1868).
	www.arithmeum.uni-bonn.de /en/events/33 (272 words)

	Nagasaki University's Proud Characteristics - Distinguishing Features in Education - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The "Nagasaki University International Student Center Japanese Language Program for Exchange Students", consisting mainly of students from Leiden University, was organized as a three-party collaborative project of Nagasaki University, University Leiden of the Netherlands, and Nagasaki Museum of History and Culture (Nagasaki Prefecture and Nagasaki City), and opened in April, 2004.
		This program consists of lectures on the history of cultural exchange, with its main focus on "Nagasaki Rangaku (Western Studies)" of the Edo period, and training exercises on investigative researching of old materials gathered from Dutch and Japanese writings.
		This is an extremely distinctive effort that is based on the history and society of Nagasaki, and contributes to the fostering of cosmopolitan minds that will promote friendship between Japan and the Netherlands as well as open a new frontier in "Nagasaki Rangaku".
	www.nagasaki-u.ac.jp /english/characteristics/en_edu05.html (220 words)

	Rangaku - Dutch Learning \| MetaFilter
		August 3, 2006 12:32 PM Rangaku (literally "Dutch Learning") refers to the body of knowledge developed in Japan during the Sakoku period (1641-1853) during which the country was closed to foreigners.
		Excellent post, though I hate to see Russian expansionist pressure in the Sakhalins go unmentioned when talking about Rangaku.
		Regarding "Rangaku" medicine, I remember reading one funny (and telling) story about "Western anatomy": at the beginning, there was strong resistance to it in Japan, since, while a lot more detailed, it didn't coincide with the more respected Chinese treatises on the subject.
	www.metafilter.com /mefi/53544 (1113 words)

	Countrybookshop.co.uk - Western Influence on Japanese Art
		The Akita Ranga art school is a by-product of rangaku, 'Dutch learning', an important intellectual movement in 18th-century Japan.
		Akita ranga artists, highly influenced by illustrations in western books, created a new direction in Japanese art by using western techniques such as chiaroscuro (shading) and perspective.
		She has written numerous articles in Japanese and English on Ito Jakuchu, Shen Nanpin, the artistry of basket makers, and the Akita ranga school.
	www.countrybookshop.co.uk /books/index.phtml?whatfor=9074822649 (316 words)

	School Work Transfer
		Although the Japanese allowed some landings, they mainly attempted to keep all foreigners out, and sometimes used force.
		The shogun’s advisers brought more restrictions on foreign and contacts, suppression of rangaku, (Dutch studies), censorship of literature, and elimination of “luxury” in the government and samurai class.
		Japan turned down a demand from the United States, which was greatly expanding its own presence in the Asia-Pacific region, to establish diplomatic relations, and afterwards more reforms were ordered, especially in the economic sector, to strengthen Japan against the Western threat.
	inuyashaparty.tripod.com /id16.html (1479 words)

	artnet.com: Resource Library: Okuhara Seiko (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The daughter of a high-ranking clan official in Koga, she received a classical Chinese education.
		She was largely self-taught as a painter but studied also under the Chinese-style poet Onuma Chinzan (1818–91), the painter Hirata Suiseki (1801–68) of the TANI BUNCHO school and the Rangaku (‘Dutch studies’) scholar Takami Senseki (1785–1858).
		Her intense desire to pursue a painting career in the capital was contrary to strict clan laws, but her adoption by her aunt’s family, the Okuhara, allowed her to overcome this obstacle, and she moved to the capital in 1865.
	www.artnet.com /library/06/0633/T063379.asp (460 words)

	PBS VIDEOIndex Online -- Chapter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		He also received permission from the government to perform the first sanctioned autopsy in the country's history.
		Genpaku's writings became part of a growing interest in Dutch learning known as Rangaku.
		Originally confined to medicine, the study eventually branched out to other scientific disciplines.
	videoindex.pbs.org /program/chapter.jsp?item_id=42519&chap_id=5 (122 words)

	[No title]
		There is a full bibliography of Western-language works on Rangaku and Japanese science in Goodman 1986
		Katagiri 1974, 'The schools of Rangaku scholars', JSHS 13:968
		Sippel 1972, 'Aoki Konyo (16981769) and the beginnings of Rangaku', JSHS 11: 127162
	www.oriental.cam.ac.uk /jbib/edoint9.html (799 words)

	Study Dutch in Tokyo
		Dutch has always been an important language for Japan.
		During the late Edo and early Meiji period Dutch Learning (Rangaku) was the only way to obtain Western knowledge.
		It started with the Dutch ship 'de liefde' arriving at Usuki Bay April 19th, 1600.
	www.johanrooms.com /la/dutch_uk.htm (572 words)

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