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Topic: Range encoding

Related Topics

Arithmetic encoding

Entropy coding

Arithmetic coding

Huffman coding

Subband encoding

Coding theory

SRGB color space

Audio compression

Image processing

Code word

Hamming distance

Fractal

Information theory

Digital image processing

Ingrid Daubechies

	Adaptive dynamic range encoding method and apparatus - Patent 5444487
		The adaptive dynamic range encoding device also comprises a memory 3 for storing the evaluation data from the evaluation circuit 2 and a comparator circuit 4 for comparing the current evaluation data from the evaluation circuit 2 and temporally previous evaluation data as read from the memory 3 for forming output comparison data or information.
		That is, the adaptive dynamic range encoding device of the embodiment illustrated executes re-quantization on a pixel present in a boundary area of quantization as indicated by a hatching in FIG.
		The adaptive dynamic range encoding device re-quantizes the pixels of the block based on the minimum.SIGMA.P.sub.1, which is the sum of the evaluation data in the block, as the evaluation data.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5444487.html (2709 words)

	[No title]
		Ranges are used for two main purposes, at the discretion of the requesting client: 1.
		The ranges specified in the headers of the request that led to the cached response are the same as specified in the headers of the subsequent request.
		The ranges specified in the cached response are the same as specified in the headers of the subsequent request.
	www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc3229.txt (12913 words)

	ietf-idn-mace-01.txt
		Introduction MACE is intended to be used as an ACE in the IDNA architecture [IDNA], and encodes a sequence of Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) characters in the range U+0000-U+10FFFF as a sequence of LDH characters.
		The modal encoding enables compact representation of each character, and the modes are chosen so that mode change occurs rather infrequently as long as the source string is written in a single language.
		Using this submode, characters are encoded as bitwise-xor value between the code points of the previous character and the current character.
	www.potaroo.net /ietf/idref/draft-ietf-idn-mace (2916 words)

	[Ping] Japanese text encoding
		The JIS values get all rearranged in order to reserve the range $a0 to $df for a set of 64 half-width katakana; to accomplish this, the characters are squashed into half as many columns (values for the first byte) but twice as many rows (values for the second byte).
		The figure shows the encoding ranges for JIS: the first byte will land either from $81 to $9f or from $e0 to $ef, and the second byte will land either from $40 to $7e or from $80 to $fc.
		You might notice that the encoding range excludes $9f to $fc for the second byte when the first byte is $ef.
	lfw.org /text/jp.html (978 words)

	[No title]
		Encoding of a Range of IP Addresses While any contiguous range of IP addresses can be represented by a set of contiguous prefixes, a more concise representation is achieved by encoding the range as a SEQUENCE containing the lowest address and the highest address, where each address is encoded as a BIT STRING.
		The IPAddress type defines a range of IP addresses in which the most-significant (left- most) N bits of the address remain constant, while the remaining bits (32 - N bits for IPv4, or 128 - N bits for IPv6) may be either zero or one.
		The min element is used to specify the value of the minimum AS identifier in the range, and the max element specifies the value of the maximum AS identifier in the range.
	www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc3779.txt (6002 words)

	Encoding
		Simply adding bits to a gamma encoding does not result in a good distribution of steps, because we can no longer assume that the viewer is adapted to a particular luminance level, and the relative quantization error tends towards infinity as the luminance tends towards zero.
		Its dynamic range of 3.8 orders of magnitude is marginal for HDR work, and it is not well-known to the computer graphics community, as there has never been a publication about it other than the source code sitting in Leffler’s TIFF library.
		Dynamic range is difficult to pin down for non-logarithmic encodings such as scRGB, because the relative error is not constant throughout the range.
	www.anyhere.com /gward/hdrenc/hdr_encodings.html (6879 words)

	Range and Mechanism of Encoding of Horizontal Disparity in Macaque V1 -- Prince et al. 87 (1): 209 -- Journal of ...
		Range and Mechanism of Encoding of Horizontal Disparity in Macaque V1.
		In the lower half, disparity is encoded by shifting the relative position of the subunits in the monocular receptive fields.
		the range of disparities that are encoded by the phase disparity,
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/87/1/209 (7088 words)

	Untitled
		It doesn't matter which characters are assigned which segment of the range, as long as it is done in the same manner by both the encoder and the decoder.
		The new range is proportional to the predefined probability attached to that symbol.
		Decoding is the inverse procedure, where the range is expanded in proportion to the probability of each symbol as it is extracted.
	www.dogma.net /markn/articles/arith/part1.htm (5152 words)

	Encoding rule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The encoding range of the zone bit code is: 0101~9494.
		The encoding range of the GBK inner code is: 0x8140~0xFE7E and 0x8180~0xFEFE.
		The encoding range of the UNICODE code points is: 0x4E00~0x9FA5.
	www.i18nwithvb.com /surrogate_ime/encoding_rule.htm (80 words)

	Range Encoder
		The range encoder is a fast multisymbol entropy coder (similar to arithmetic coding) with GNU general public license (other licenses on request).
		The range encoder is an entropy coder similar to the arithmetic coder or huffman coder.
		The range encoder is based on an article presented by G.N.N. Martin on the Data Recording Conference, Southampton, July 1979.
	www.compressconsult.com /rangecoder (725 words)

	Roxen Community: RFC 3229 Delta encoding in HTTP (Standards Track)
		Ranges An HTTP client, using the Range header, may request that the server return one or more subranges of the instance, rather than the entire instance value.
		In the second use of Range, it would have to be applied before any delta encoding, because otherwise the offsets specified in the Range request would be meaningless (the client generally cannot know how a server's delta encoding maps instance byte offsets to entity byte offsets).
		This example indicates that the entity-body is a delta encoding of the instance, using the vcdiff encoding.
	community.roxen.com /developers/idocs/rfc/rfc3229.html (12682 words)

	Base16k - Efficient Binary Data Encoding in Unicode Text
		The base64 encoding [RFC3548] segments binary data into 6-bit codes and represents each of them with one of 64 characters that are common to most legacy codepages including US-ASCII, namely lower- and uppercase latin letters and decimal digits, and a couple of punctuation characters.
		For the base16k encoding, the range U+5000..U+8fff is chosen to encode 14-bit codes from the segmented binary data.
		For base16k, the encoding of the binary data with Han characters shall be preceded by the number of bytes expressed as a decimal number, using ASCII digits U+0030..U+0039 and no punctuation.
	www.mindspring.com /~markus.scherer/unicode/base16k.html (1196 words)

	Arithmetic coding - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Whenever the range is reduced to the point where all values in the range share certain beginning digits, those digits are sent to the output.
		Range encoders are also rumoured to be free from patents relating to arithmetic coding, even though they're the same thing in practice.
		The idea behind range encoding is that, instead of starting with the interval [0,1) and dividing it into sub-intervals proportional to the probability of each symbol, the encoder starts with a large range of non-negative integers, such as 000,000,000,000 to 999,999,999,999, and divides it into sub-ranges proportional to the probability of each symbol.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arithmetic_coding (1980 words)

	[No title]
		Encoding a voice-only audio file for a 28.8 Kbps modem, for example, creates a 16 Kbps streaming clip.
		If the amplitude range is too low, use your sound editor to adjust the range and increase the amplitude.
		Encoding mono music for 28.8 Kbps modems usually entails a 20 Kbps codec, for example, leaving no bandwidth for the second clip.
	service.real.com /help/library/guides/production8/htmfiles/audio.htm (2777 words)

	Range encoding - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		On this matter, it may be noted that while range encoding, as defined by G N N Martin in his 1979 paper on "Range encoding: an algorithm for removing redundancy from a digitised message",
		is essentially the same as arithmetic coding, range encoders often use a particular kind of implementation based on Martin's paper.
		For this example it is assumed that the decoder knows that we intend to use base 10 number system, an initial range of [0, 100000) and the frequency algorithm {A:.60; B:.20; :.20}.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Range_encoding (1009 words)

	ucf :: graphics group :: high dynamic range image encoding
		With the increasing use of high dynamic range (HDR) images, their storage and transmission motivate a careful study of appropriate data compression techniques.
		Although high dynamic range (HDR) image and video are becoming common in many computer graphics applications, their data compression has received little attention so far.
		The primary contribution of this paper is the observation that high dynamic range image and video data are naturally separated into a base color component and common exponent component.
	graphics.cs.ucf.edu /hdri/index.php (736 words)

	More about Text in HTML
		The second range is earmarked for extended control characters, and is not used for encoding characters in HTML.
		It is always safest to encode this range as character entities (numbered or named) to ensure better portability.
		In languages where the entire character set exceeds this range (such as in Far East languages) two characters are used to represent a single character.
	www.blooberry.com /indexdot/html/tagpages/text.htm (1414 words)

	Unicode encodings
		UTF-8 encoding is variable-length, and characters are encoded with one, two, three, or four bytes.
		The 1,048,576 characters of the 16 Supplementary Planes are encoded with four bytes.
		The single 16-bit portion of this encoding is used to encode the entire BMP, except for 2,048 code points known as "surrogates" that are used in pairs to encode the 1,048,576 characters of the 16 Supplementary Planes.
	www-128.ibm.com /developerworks/java/library/j-u-encode.html (2153 words)

	Perception-motivated High Dynamic Range Video Encoding (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Due to rapid technological progress in high dynamic range (HDR) video capture and display, the efficient storage and transmission of such data is crucial for the completeness of any HDR imaging pipeline.
		We propose a new approach for inter-frame encoding of HDR video, which is embedded in the well-established MPEG-4 video compression standard.
		High Dynamic Range video, on the other hand, can store complete color information that is visible for the human eye - the only limitation is the human perception.
	www.mpi-sb.mpg.de /resources/hdrvideo (449 words)

	Windows Media Photo, Version 1.0
		The fundamental goal with a high dynamic range, wide gamut pixel format is to never discard image information that falls outside the visible range.
		The visible portion of the numerical range is a subset of the total numerical range that can be encoded with fixed point or floating point values.
		If color or exposure adjustment pushes a pixel value outside the visible range, rather than losing this value (as is the case with unsigned integer representations), the numerical value is still retained.
	www.digitalpreservation.gov /formats/fdd/fdd000243.shtml (1106 words)

	9. Time Period (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Definition: A means of encoding a range of dates and times.
		Definition: A means of encoding more that one range of dates and times.
		Each range of dates and times listed includes a "beginning date and time" e.g.
	www.ciesin.org /metadata/guidelines/timeper.html (217 words)

	Roxen Community: RFC 3779 X.509 Extensions for IP Addresses and AS Identifiers (Standards Track)
		While any contiguous range of IP addresses can be represented by a set of contiguous prefixes, a more concise representation is achieved by encoding the range as a SEQUENCE containing the lowest address and the highest address, where each address is encoded as a BIT STRING.
		The DER encoding of a BIT STRING uses the initial octet of the string to specify how many of the least-significant bits of the last subsequent octet are
		The ASRange type is a SEQUENCE consisting of a min and a max element, and is used to specify a range of AS identifier values.
	community.roxen.com /developers/idocs/rfc/rfc3779.html (5906 words)

	Character sets and codepages
		Unicode is a 16-bit encoding that encompasses many characters used in general text interchange throughout the world.
		Unicode allows a larger range of characters to be addressed than is possible using a Single-Byte character encoding.
		Writing systems covered by the glyphs in a font can be specified according to the Unicode script ranges covered by the font, or the codepages covered by the font.
	www.microsoft.com /typography/unicode/cscp.htm (1506 words)

	Product and Services
		But that doesn't mean that we are not flexible to customised your encoding needs.
		Introducing our Premium encoding package designed for individuals and corporate clients that demand the best in quality and yet within a reasonable price range.
		Video encoding Companies producing VCDs have to encode MPEG format compliance to MPEG1- 1.15Mbits/s, 16bit stereo before it can be played back on consumer VCD players.
	members.tripod.com /visionmedia/product_right.htm (965 words)

	MediaMash : Windows Media Photo and WIC
		Continuing with the encoding, we can now set the pixel format and dimensions of the source frame, on the encoding frame.
		We ask the encoding frame to encode from the source frame (a chaining feature of WIC) and the image data is compressed.
		That is to create a C++ class to do the COM work, wrap that it a C++\CLI class to expose it to the managed world (forward calls, convert parameters, handle errors) and then a C# application to make use of it.
	blogs.msdn.com /cmarchal/archive/2006/09/13/752136.aspx (852 words)

	Technical Q&A QA1410: Using language-tagged QuickTime UserData text APIs with CFStrings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		you will have to convert it to the appropriate Traditional Mac OS language specific encoding.
		is an integer type for constants used to specify supported string encodings in various
		See Converting Between String Encodings for more information.
	developer.apple.com /qa/qa2005/qa1410.html (360 words)

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