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Topic: Raoul Island

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	Raoul, Kermadec
		Raoul is a stratovolcano located in the Kermadec Islands.
		Raoul is roughly triangular in shape with an area of 29.25 sq km.
		Raoul island is composed of material ejected from several eruption centers.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/volc_images/img_raoul.html (185 words)

	Kermadec Islands - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Kermadec Islands are an island arc in the Pacific Ocean.
		The islands lie at 29º to 31.5º south latitude and 178º to 179º west longitude, 800-1000 km northeast of New Zealand's North Island, and a similar distance southwest of Tonga.
		The islands are recognized by ecologists as a distinct ecoregion, the Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kermadec_Islands (1200 words)

	Raoul Island - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Anvil-shaped Raoul Island (Sunday Island), the largest and northernmost of the Kermadec Islands, (located at 29°15′S 177°55′W, 900 km SSW of Ata Island of Tonga and 1100 km NNE of New Zealand), has been the source of vigorous volcanic activity during the past several thousand years that was dominated by dacitic explosive eruptions.
		The island is uninhabited, except for the permanently manned Raoul Island Station, a government meteorological and radio station and hostel for Department of Conservation (DOC) officers and volunteers that has been maintained since 1937 on the northern terraces of the island, about 50 m in elevation above the cliffs of Fleetwood Bluff.
		Raoul is part of the Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests ecoregion, and is largely covered with closed-canopy forest, predominantly of the evergreen tree Metrosideros kermadecensis and the islands' endemic palm, Rhopalostylis cheesemanii.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Raoul_Island (1054 words)

	MSN Encarta - New Zealand
		Separating these islands is Cook Strait, a channel between the South Pacific Ocean on the east and the Tasman Sea on the west.
		White Island is the peak of a submerged volcano in the Bay of Plenty, off the east coast of the North Island.
		The South Island coastline is more regular in parts, although exceptions include Fiordland in the southwest, where glaciers long ago carved deep valleys that the ocean flooded to form fjords, and the Marlborough Sounds in the northeast, an area of many sheltered inlets and islands.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761555687/New_Zealand.html (1287 words)

	Kemadecs
		Estimated tephra thickness in eruptions at Raoul Island of EVM magnitude 5 to 9, assuming the most prevalent wind conditions at altitudes reached by the eruption columns, and assuming a constant wind speed and direction during the eruptions.
		Nevertheless, the island was evacuated shortly afterwards as a precautionary measure because of uncertainty about the possibility of continuing activity, recognition at this time that there had been eruption of extreme violence in the past, and the inevitable delays in help arriving from New Zealand, should this become necessary.
		The islands are the eroded peaks of a volcano at the summit of a broad topographic rise, measuring about 25 km by 15 km, on the crest of the Kermadec Ridge.
	www.gns.cri.nz /what/earthact/volcanoes/nzvolcanoes/kermprint.htm (10072 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests (OC0107)
		Raoul and Curtis Islands remain active with almost-daily earthquakes, and small eruptions periodically destroy vegetation in the calderas (Mueller-Dombois and Fosberg 1998).
		nigripennis) are in the Kermadec Islands (Merton 1970).
		This ecoregion comprises the Kermadec Islands of Raoul and Curtis, administered by New Zealand.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/oc/oc0107_full.html (1083 words)

	1 missing after remote N.Z. volcano erupts - Boston.com
		A volcano erupted on a remote New Zealand island Friday, tossing mud, rocks and steam high into the air and prompting the evacuation of conservation workers in the area.
		She said a helicopter and nearby boats were helping to evacuate staff from the island, which lies in the South Pacific 625 miles northeast of the New Zealand's northern city of Auckland.
		Raoul Island -- roughly triangular with an area of 11.5 square miles -- was once used as a weather station.
	www.boston.com /news/world/australia/articles/2006/03/17/one_missing_after_remote_volcano_erupts (379 words)

	Raoul Rough (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Raoul Island, at 3000 hectares, is the largest island and the only one on which people are known to have tried to settle.
		Going to Raoul is often found to be a life changing experience and so it was for me. In 2002/03 I was fortunate to be able to return for a year's weeding - with photographic excursions in my spare time.
		Raoul is very rugged, steep and remote, with an small range of plants and birds, whatever has arrived there by sea or wind.
	www.photospace.co.nz /catalogues/JBW.htm (343 words)

	Dive Kermadec Islands Scuba Diving :: CYBER DIVER :: Dive Travel Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		They are a chain of islands extending some 130 kilometres along the western ridge of the Kermadec Trench, and consist of four groups of islands and rocks.
		Raoul Island, the largest, lies at the extreme north of the group.
		Raoul Island is a little more robust, so permits to land are available to people who have a genuine interest in its natural and cultural history.
	www.cyber-diver.com /kermadec_islands.html (684 words)

	CVO Menu - New Zealand Volcanoes and Volcanics
		Raoul Island itself, the largest of the Kermadec Islands, is an anvil-shaped island, about 30 km2 in area, with a maximum length of about 10 kilometers in an east-west direction along the north coast, and about 6 kilometers from north to south.
		The island consists of two overlapping stratovolcanoes; the summit crater appears to be breached to the SE because the shoreline corresponds to the level of several notches in the SE crater wall.
		White Island is the northernmost active volcano in the Taupo Volcanic Zone - a 250-kilometer-long zone of intense volcanism that marks the boundary of the Australian and Pacific tectonic plates.
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /Volcanoes/NewZealand/description_new_zealand_volcanoes.html (4112 words)

	The Raoul Island Expedition of 1957. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Raoul (which was called Sunday Island till the 1930's) sits on the 30th parallel which puts it right on the southern limit of the tropics.
		His story is told in a book by Elsie K Morton "The Crusoes of Sunday Island." He had a marked influence on Raoul in the time he was there, planting an amazing variety of vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, even tobacco.
		My job was to maintain the equipment to allow the Met observers to make their balloon flights four times a day to obtain accurate measurements of wind direction and velocity from ground level, up to a height usually determined by the balloon bursting or drifting out of range.
	homepages.ihug.co.nz /~Sspinett/raoul1.html (875 words)

	Raoul Island - Biodiversity
		Raoul Island (3177 hectares, 700 km northeast of Auckland) is the largest island in the Kermadec Island Nature Reserve – an internationally significant chain of oceanic islands formed by volcanic action.
		Most of these birds have been forced to live and breed on nearby small predator-free islets, but are expected to return to Raoul Island once the feral cats and rats have been eliminated.
		Raoul, like other Kermadec islands, is uninhabited today apart from a small team of DOC staff and volunteers who undertake weed control work, take weather readings, and monitor regional seismic activity.
	www.biodiversity.govt.nz /land/nzbs/conservationland/offshore/raoul.html (331 words)

	Republic of Raoul - official government website
		Established in 1937 as a Kingdom ruled by a hereditary monarch, it became a republic in 1998, when the ruler, Queen Aveline, dissolved the monarchy and proclaimed Raoul to be a slave republic.
		The island was settled in the 1930's by immigrants from Aotearoa, and has a tropical climate, giving excellent horticulture.
		The island is volcanic, and has constant seismic activity.
	www.angelfire.com /country/raoul (173 words)

	ExpeditionTrips.com: Trip Details Page
		Summary: The Kermadec Islands are a chain of islands extending some 240km along the western ridge of the Kermadec Trench.
		Raoul Island, the largest, lies at the extreme north of the group.
		They reflect both the islands' recent origins, and processes of evolution arising from the effects of climate, isolation, periodic volcanism and human activities.
	www.expeditiontrips.com /search/trip.asp?tripid=1828 (789 words)

	Don Macnaughtan - Lane Community College Library - Bibliography of Prehistoric Settlement on Norfolk Island, the ...
		The islands are prone to volcanic activity and earthquakes, which may have been a factor in their early settlement history.
		The Auckland Islands, The Snares, Campbell, Bounty and the Antipodes Islands
		One of the larger islands was known to the Maoris as Te Taniwha ("The Dragon").
	www.lanecc.edu /library/don/norfolk.htm (3249 words)

	News
		The seepage was causing a milky discolouring of the seawater.
		Raoul Island is an active volcano that has erupted 15 times in the past 3600 years.
		Raoul Island is approximately 1000 km north-east of Auckland, and is one of the Kermadec Islands, part of New Zealand territory.
	data.geonet.org.nz /geonews (739 words)

	Volcanoes in New Zealand: Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited
		White Island was relatively quiet during the year, with minor ash and steam eruptions in late-March the only notable activity.
		Raoul is an active volcano, with witnessed eruptions in 1814, 1870 and 1964.
		This 2 x 2.4 km uninhabited island has been in a state of continuous sulfataric and fumarolic activity, with intermittent minor steam, tephra and magmatic eruptions since 1826 when the first recorded visits by Europeans were made.
	www.gns.cri.nz /what/earthact/volcanoes/summary/volcsumm96.html (985 words)

	Don Macnaughtan - Lane Community College Library - Information about the Kermadec Islands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Raoul Island is the main island of the archipelago.
		The islands perch on the edge of a gigantic ocean trench, and are rocked by periodic earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
		Bibliography of Prehistoric Settlement on the Kermadec Islands
	www.lanecc.edu /library/don/kermadec.htm (187 words)

	Worker was on hot spot when volcano blew - Boston.com
		The eruption in one of Raoul Island's three main craters -- the first there since 1964 -- threw rocks and boulders into the air and buried the area around the lake in mud and ash up to 16 feet deep.
		A rescue team was expected to set sail from New Zealand on Sunday to inspect the remote island and assess prospects for recovering the missing worker, who was part of a small team monitoring the nature reserve.
		The last known eruption on Raoul Island, about 625 miles northeast of the New Zealand city of Auckland, was on Nov. 21, 1964, from a vent close to Green Lake.
	www.boston.com /news/world/australia/articles/2006/03/18/worker_was_on_hot_spot_when_volcano_blew (805 words)

	Planet Diary Archive 2006 - Volcano - Raoul Volcano Erupts in Pacific (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Raoul volcano, found on an island in the Pacific Ocean, exploded violently.
		Six scientists were trapped on the island after the eruption but five were saved in a dramatic rescue by helicopter.
		The six scientists were the only people on Raoul Island, one of New Zealand's Kermadec Islands.
	www.phschool.com /science/planetdiary/archive06/volc1032506.html (186 words)

	Raoul Island Volcano - John Seach (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Raoul Island is triangular shaped, with a 3.3 km wide caldera.
		The island is the most northern, and largest of the Kermadec Islands.
		Raoul is the summit of a large submerged massif about 35 km by 20 km.
	www.volcanolive.com /raoul.html (82 words)

	ZL8RS Raoul Is Photos Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In late June 1998 I travelled to Raoul Island in the Kermadec Islands group 1000 kM north east of New Zealand and operated as ZL8RS in my free time from work (unpaid) that I was doing for the Department of Conservation.
		The Kermadec Islands are a Nature Reserve and the surrounding waters to 12kM from the coastline are a Marine Reserve.
		Although the island is small (8kM x 3kM), the rugged terrain means some days are spent in the field staying in huts like the ones at...
	www.qsl.net /zl1rs/dxpeditions/zl8rs/raoul1.htm (319 words)

	New Zealand Volcano Erupts - CBS News
		Raoul Island is known to have erupted 14 times, most recently in 1964.
		The Conservation Department's five other staff on the island were safe and awaiting evacuation, she said.
		Raoul Island — roughly triangular with an area of 11.6 square miles — was once used as a weather station.
	www.cbsnews.com /track/rss/stories/2006/03/16/world/main1414207.shtml?CMP=OTC-RSSFeed&source=RSS&attr=World_1414207 (404 words)

	Manawatu Standard: local, national & world news from Manwatu's daily newspaper: Crew await Raoul all-clear to start ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Scientists will assess Raoul Island from sea and air this morning, before any of the 12 crew on a return mission will be allowed on to volcanic island.
		Five conservation workers, who were evacuated from Raoul on Friday after it erupted without warning, have returned to search for their missing colleague Mark Kearney.
		The Upper Hutt man is believed to have been near the crater on Raoul, part of the Kermadec group of islands, when the volcano blew and is presumed dead.
	www.stuff.co.nz /stuff/manawatustandard/0,2106,3610623a6407,00.html (344 words)

	Volcano Alert Bulletins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Over the last few days the level of earthquake activity at or close to Raoul Island has continued to decline and there are now only 2 to 5 earthquakes per day being recorded.
		However there was a magnitude 6.5 earthquake on Saturday morning at 0120 am about 100 km east of Raoul Island (10 km deep), and this has been followed by nine earthquakes larger than magnitude 5 and numerous smaller events.
		Now that volcanic activity is occurring at Raoul Island it has been decided that it is more appropriate to class the island as a frequently active volcano on the Volcano Alert Level table.
	data.geonet.org.nz /geonews/sab (249 words)

	DoC evacuates as Raoul Island erupts, 'one missing' - 17 Mar 2006 - NZ Herald: New Zealand National news (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Department of Conservation officials are mounting an emergency evacuation of Raoul Island, in the Kermadecs, after one of the island's craters erupted today.
		Raoul Island, last erupted on November 21, 1964 from vents close to Green Lake.
		Raoul is a scientifically known island roughly triangular in shape with an area of 29 sq km, around a caldera or big crater 3.3km wide.
	www.nzherald.co.nz /section/story.cfm?c_id=1&ObjectID=10373133 (440 words)

	Skip's Underwater Image Gallery > The Kermadecs - Part 1
		New Zealand has a number of remote island territories from the subantarctic islands of the ferocious Southern Ocean to the Chatham Islands to the east but it is the Kermadec Islands, far to the north east, that probably hold the most appeal for the adventurous New Zealand diver.
		Lying approximately 1000 km from the New Zealand mainland, the Kermadec Islands comprise a group of volcanic rocks and islets separated by almost 250 km.
		Because of their remoteness, these subtropical island jewels are seldom visited but with their remote location brings a promise to fascinate all who make the effort to visit them.
	www.ianskipworth.com /suig/kermadec1.html (1718 words)

	DOC Media Release (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Six months of intensive monitoring on the rugged 2941ha island, located 1000 km northeast of Auckland, has shown it is now free of rats after an ambitious $1m pest eradication project begun in July 2002.
		The Kermadec hebe is producing seedlings, the kakariki has returned to the island's forests, and several seabird species are again raising chicks on the island.
		A similar programme is underway on Little Barrier Island (Hauturu) in the Hauraki Gulf at present, and pest eradication programmes will shortly commence on Secretary and Resolution Islands off the coast of Fiordland, the largest ever attempted.
	www.doc.govt.nz /whats-new/presult.asp?prID=1610 (289 words)

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