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Topic: Rapid Plasma Reagin

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	- Northwestern Memorial Hospital - Chicago
		The RPR screening test is similar to the older VDRL test as both measure reaginic antibodies.
		These antibodies are usually produced during infection with syphilis as a result of the body's interaction with the bacteria which causes syphilis (Treponema pallidum).
		The RPR test may be used not only for screening, but for monitoring the effect of antibiotic therapy for syphilis.
	www.nmh.org /nmh/adam/adamencyclopedia/HIEArticles/003533.htm (733 words)

	Summary West et al Performance of the rapid plasma...Articles for review.Literature review.Sexually Transmitted ...
		Rapid plasma reagin and rapid syphilis screening tests do not perform well for the diagnosis of syphilis in field conditions.
		The performance of the field RPR and RST tests against serologically active syphilis (defined by laboratory RPR positive and TPHA positive) is shown in the table.
		In a direct comparison of RPR results on 1295 samples tested both in the field and in the laboratory, there was agreement on 1207 negative and 35 positive samples, while 41 samples were positive in the field but negative in the laboratory and 12 were negative in the field and positive in the laboratory.
	who.int /std_diagnostics/literature_reviews/Issue_2/issue2_sum_West.htm (620 words)

	BD - Diagnostic Systems: RPR Liquid Controls 18 mm circle
		Intended Use: « The Macro-Vue™ RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) Card Test Liquid Controls are designed as an unassayed control material to monitor, at three reaction levels, the precision of Macro-Vue RPR 18 mm Circle Card Test.
		Intended Use: » Intended Use: The Macro-Vue™ RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) Card Test Liquid Controls are designed as an unassayed control material to monitor, at three reaction levels, the precision of Macro-Vue RPR 18 mm Circle Card Test.
		RPR Test Reagents should be routinely tested for patterns of graded reactivity against controls with established patterns of reactivity.
	www.bd.com /ds/productCenter/276909.asp (734 words)

	2.1.4.2 Serological Testing
		Are inexpensive, rapid, easy to perform, and can be done in the clinic (rapid RPR card test).
		RPR titers are generally higher than VDRL titers, and are not directly comparable to VDRL titers to monitor response to therapy.
		In addition the RPR may be slightly more sensitive, and the longer the duration of infection, the wider the divergence between the RPR and the VDRL.
	www.bu.edu /cme/std/sec02/sec02-1.4.2.shtml (972 words)

	Literature reviews.Review on West et al.Sexually Transmitted Diseases Diagnostics Initiative(SDI)
		In this study, even though the tests were performed by the same well-trained technicians in both the laboratory and the field, 12 of 47 sera positive by the lab RPR test were interpreted as negative in the field, and 41 of 1248 sera negative by the lab result were read as positive in the field.
		Several rapid tests, with sensitivities and specificities of 85-98% and 92-98% respectively compared to standard treponemal assays, are now available through the WHO Bulk Procurement Scheme at negotiated prices between US$0.47 to $1.40.
		In the absence of a good non-treponemal test, it may be possible to use a combination of rapid tests--tests with high sensitivity for screening and tests with high specificity for confirmation.
	www.who.int /std_diagnostics/literature_reviews/Issue_2/issue2_rev_West_9.htm (835 words)

	Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR), Qualitative Test Details (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test is a type of syphilis test.
		The RPR test also detects reagin and is commonly used as a screening test.
		This RPR test is done on a sample of blood.
	www.preventivelabs.com /lab_test/Rapid_Plasma_Reagin_(RPR)__Qualitative_Test_Details.cfm (174 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: RPR
		The RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) screening test measures antibodies called reagins that can be produced by Treponema pallidum, the bacteria which causes syphilis. However, the body does not always produce reagin specifically in response to the syphilis bacteria, so the test is not always accurate.
		The RPR test's ability to detect syphilis depends on the stage of the disease. The test's sensitivity to detect syphilis nears 100% during the middle stages; it is less sensitive during the earlier and later stages.
		The RPR test can be used to diagnose syphilis and to see how well treatment is working.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003533.htm (707 words)

	Performance of the rapid plasma reagin and the rapid syphilis screening tests in the diagnosis of syphilis in field ...
		RPR test especially where field conditions were difficult.
		LR(+) for the RST is 15.6 and that for the field RPR is 21.6.
		The LR(-) is 0.26 for the RST and 0.23 for the field RPR.
	sti.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/78/4/282 (2469 words)

	Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR), Quantitation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Red-stopper tube or serum gel separator tube or lavender- stopper (EDTA plasma) tube, or green-stopper (heparin plasma) tube, or gray-stopper (potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride) tube.
		Plasma specimens may not be less than one- half full as excess anticoagulant may cause improper results.
		False-positive RPR results have also been reported in patients vaccinated against hepatitis C and influenza.
	www.labcorp.com /datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/se024400.htm (117 words)

	Syphilis Tests - [Medical Test]
		It checks for an antibody called reagin that can be produced in people who have syphilis.
		Reagin is not produced as a reaction to the syphilis bacteria specifically, so this test is sometimes not accurate.
		The VDRL test may be done on a sample of blood or spinal fluid.
	www.bchealthguide.org /kbase/topic/medtest/hw5839/descrip.htm (568 words)

	Comparison of the Serodia Treponema pallidum Particle Agglutination, Captia Syphilis-G, and SpiroTek Reagin II Tests ...
		The RPR test (5), MHA-TP (4), Syphilis-G test (7), and Reagin II test (8) were done according to standard techniques.
		There was less agreement between the RPR and Reagin II tests, the nontreponemal tests (Table 3).
		Reagin II test false positive; 5 of these were equivocal.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/38/7/2543 (2487 words)

	Performance of the rapid plasma reagin and the rapid syphilis screening tests in the diagnosis of syphilis in field ...
		Performance of the rapid plasma reagin and the rapid syphilis screening tests in the diagnosis of syphilis in field conditions in rural Africa -- West et al.
		Performance of the rapid plasma reagin and the rapid syphilis screening tests in the diagnosis of syphilis in field conditions in rural Africa
		RPR testing in antenatal clinics and health centres should be
	sti.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/abstract/78/4/282 (325 words)

	Identifying cause important in approaching infectious uveitis - Appropriate treatment may involve specific agents, help ...
		An RPR or a VDRL test alone is inadequate, however, since these tests are falsely negative in about 30% of patients with ocular syphilis.
		A non-specific test such as a rapid plasma reagin (RPR) may be ordered since it is titerable and most accurately reflects disease activity.
		An RPR test alone is inadequate, however, since it is falsely negative in about 30% of patients with ocular syphilis.
	www.ophthalmologytimes.com /ophthalmologytimes/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=88656 (1359 words)

	BD - Diagnostic Systems: RPR Card Test Kit No. 112
		The Macro-Vue RPR Teardrop Card Test (using finger puncture blood) was the original Card Test and was developed for field use where testing could be performed without laboratory equipment.
		The RPR 18 mm Circle Card Test is recommended when venous blood collection is employed and a large volume of serum is available, such as generally prevails in public health and clinical laboratories.
		In special situations when nontreponemal test results are needed rapidly and the specimen is collected as EDTA plasma, the RPR 18 mm Circle Card Test can be used if the test is performed within 24 h.
	www.bd.com /ds/productCenter/275239.asp (1087 words)

	Syphilis & False-Positive Lab Tests
		In general, we can gauge the likelihood that a test result is incorrect by looking at the test's "sensitivity" and "specificity." The sensitivity refers to the probability that a person with the disease will test positive.
		If the sensitivity for the RPR (rapid plasma reagin) test for syphilis is 93 percent, then when 100 people with syphilis are tested, 93 will get a positive result.
		If the RPR test is 88 percent specific, then when 100 healthy people without syphilis are tested, 88 will test negative, and 12 will have a false-positive result.
	health.ivillage.com /gyno/gynostds/0,,6gdg,00.html (709 words)

	[No title]
		Purpose: The RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) Card Tests are macroscopic screening procedures for the detection of syphilis, which utilize unheated serum or plasma from venous or finger-puncture blood.
		The extent to which they may occur with RPR card test is not as yet known, with the exception of leprosy.
		Reactive specimens are confirmed by Quantitative RPR Test and are sent to the Michigan State Laboratory for confirmation.
	www.michigan.gov /documents/Prrpr_25772_7.wpd__PR_Syphilis_RPR.doc (742 words)

	Test, rapid plasma reagin definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		However, a person may have a negative RPR test and still have syphilis since, in the early stages of the disease, the RPR often gives negative results.
		The RPR test is sometimes positive in the absence of syphilis.
		For example, a false positive RPR can be encountered in infectious mononucleosis, lupus, the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, hepatitis A, leprosy, malaria and, occasionally, pregnancy.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9852 (269 words)

	Syphilis Tests - [Medical Test] - Quest Diagnostics Patient Health Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A titer of 1 to 16 (1:16) means that reagin can be detected when 1 part of the blood or spinal fluid sample is diluted by up to 16 parts of a salt solution (saline).
		A larger second number means there is more reagin in the sample and generally indicates a higher level of infection.
		Therefore, a titer of 1 to 64 indicates more reagin, and a more intense infection, than a titer of 1 to 16.
	www.questdiagnostics.com /kbase/topic/medtest/hw5839/consider.htm (483 words)

	Poor correlation between reactive syphilis serology and human immunodeficiency virus testing among potential cornea ...
		We subsequently used the polymerase chain reaction for HIV-1 to further evaluate the whole blood of 21 rapid plasma reagin and fluorescent treponemal antibody-positive, HIV-1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-negative cornea donors to determine whether these donors were infected with HIV-1 but were within a seronegative window for HIV-1 antibodies at their time of death.
		Twelve of 31 donors who originally tested seropositive for syphilis by nontreponemal screening tests (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory or rapid plasma reagin tests) proved seronegative for syphilis when further tested with a treponemal test (FTA-ABS or microhemagglutination-Treponema pallidum), suggesting a high (38.7%) false-positive rate for the syphilis screening tests.
		Additionally, all 21 rapid plasma reagin and fluorescent-treponemal antibody-positive, HIV-1 ELISA-negative donors further tested were also negative for HIV-1 by the polymerase chain reaction.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1995/apr/m9540320.html (563 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		If the patient's plasma renin level increases sharply within one hour, this indicates that the hypertension has a renovascular cause such as renal artery stenosis (see under stenosis).
		a test for coagulase activity in which bacteria are added to citrated or oxalated (human or rabbit) blood plasma; in the presence of coagulase, the plasma gels within three hours.
		Coagulase activity is also demonstrable by mixing bacteria with blood plasma on a slide; if positive, clumping occurs, with fibrin formation.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_t_05zPzhtm (4932 words)

	rapid plasma reagin - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "rapid plasma reagin" is defined.
		Rapid plasma reagin : MEDLINE plus Illustrated Medical Encyclopedia [home, info]
		Phrases that include rapid plasma reagin: rapid plasma reagin test, rapid plasma reagin t, test rapid plasma reagin
	www.onelook.com /?w=rapid+plasma+reagin (112 words)

	Evaluation of an Enzyme Immunoassay Technique for Detection of Antibodies against Treponema pallidum -- Castro et al. ...
		The sensitivities of the rapid plasma reagin (RPR)
		Use of the Treponema pallidum-specific Captia Syphilis IgG assay in conjunction with the rapid plasma reagin to test for syphilis.
		Silletti, R. Comparion of CAPTIA Syphilis G enzyme immunoassay with rapid plasma reagin test for detection of syphilis.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/41/1/250 (2143 words)

	Texas Department of State Health Services - Reagin Based Flocculation Assays (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		These are nontreponemal tests that measure IgG and IgM antibodies to lipoidal material released from damaged host cells as well as to lipids and lipoproteins produced by the treponems.
		Rapid Plasma Reagin Card (RPR) and Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) tests are two examples of reagin tests used in the Serology Branch.
		RPR Card test is a macroscopic nontreponemal flocculation test that uses a modified VDRL antigen suspension containing choline chloride to eliminate the need to heat inactivate serum, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to enhance the stability of the suspension, and finely divided charcoal particles as a visualizing agent.
	www.dshs.state.tx.us /lab/serology_floc.shtm (195 words)

	Apparent failure of one injection of benzathine penicillin G for syphilis during pregnancy in human immunodeficiency ...
		Impaired outcome due to short treatment clustered in early attenders of prenatal care (before the 28th week of gestation) and when the initial rapid plasma reagin titer was higher than 16.
		Although numbers were small for a firm conclusion, incompletely treated and untreated women who had taken intercurrent oral ampicillin had an improved birth weight, lower prematurity rate, and lower fetal rate.
		This therapy is especially important for patients who attend prenatal care before 28 weeks of pregnancy or when the rapid plasma reagin titer is higher than 16.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1997/jul/M9771710.html (646 words)

	NGC - NGC Summary
		Patients who have positive non-treponemal tests (rapid plasma regain [RPR] /Venereal Diseases Research Laboratory [VDRL]) should be checked serologically at 6 monthly intervals until these are unchanged on consecutive visits (the patient becomes "serofast").
		In patients with neurosyphilis, those found to have cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities at diagnosis should have repeated cerebrospinal fluid examination on a 6 monthly basis until the cell count is normal.
		All patients with positive non-treponemal tests (rapid plasma reagin [RPR] or venereal disease research laboratory [VDRL]) at diagnosis should have 6 monthly serology taken until serofast or negative.
	www.guideline.gov /summary/summary.aspx?ss=15&doc_id=3037&nbr=2263 (3837 words)

	ARUP: Treponema pallidum (Rapid Plasma Reagin) with Reflex to Titer & FTA-ABS Confirmation
		This panel is for clients in states where automatic confirmation using a treponemal test is required for all reactive RPR tests.
		If the RPR is negative, the RPR will be reported out and the RPR titer and FTA-ABS will not be performed.
		Positive RPR samples will be titered to endpoint and have a confirmatory FTA-ABS run on the next scheduled FTA-ABS testing day, with those results reported.
	www.aruplab.com /guides/ug/tests/0050011.jsp (170 words)

	Treponemal Based Screening for Syphilis: Detecting Latent Cases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		One hundred specimens used to establish sensitivity of the EIA were selected based on being reactive in the RPR screen test as well as being reactive in our standard confirmatory test, the microhemagglutination assay for antibodies to T. pallidum (MHA-Tp).
		Utilizing 119 specimens sent in for syphilis testing and which tested positive in the RPR screen test but non-reactive in the MHA-Tp confirmatory test we determined 108 to be negative by EIA.
		Testing 557 "high risk" patients who were non-reactive in our standard RPR screen test, using the new EIA resulted in 16 clear positive and 11 equivocal specimens (4.85% of those tested).
	www.cbc.ca /ideas/features/Aids/asm2000.html (2041 words)

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