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	Station Information - Ratite
		The ratites are a group of flightless birds, most of which are now extinct.
		Ratites are found, or were found until fairly recently, in most parts of the former supercontinent Gondwana.
		The smallest ratites are the kiwis, which are the size of chickens, shy, and almost blind.
	www.stationinformation.com /encyclopedia/r/ra/ratite.html (246 words)

	Healthspa - Ratite Neuromuscular Diseases
		Ratite birds are a loose group of birds that share the common characteristics of being large, flightless and ground dwelling birds.
		All ratites have digital cushions similar to that of the horse, although the ostrich digital cushion is contiguous along the plantar aspect of the weight bearing digit, and the other ratites have cushions only underneath the joints.
		The thoracic girdle of the ostrich consists of a fused scapula, coracoid and clavicle attached to the cranial sternum.
	www.netpets.org /birds/healthspa/vet/ratite.html (1367 words)

	Ratite - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Unlike other flightless birds, the ratites have no keel on their sternum and, lacking a strong anchor for their wing muscles, could not fly even were they to develop suitable wings.
		Cladistic evidence for this is strong: ratites share too many features for their current forms to be easily explained by convergent evolution.
		However, recent analysis of genetic variations between the ratites conflict with this: DNA analysis appears to show that the ratites diverged from one another too recently to share a common Gondwanian ancestor, and suggest that the kiwis are more closely related to the cassowaries than the moa.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ratite (595 words)

	FOCUS ON: Ratites (Emu, Ostrich & Rhea) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Ratites ("RAT-tights") are a family of flightless birds with small wings and flat breastbones.
		Ratites are fed on grain supplemented by pasture.
		Ratite meat is sold as steaks, fillet, medallions (small coin-shaped pieces of meat), roasts and ground meat.
	www.fsis.usda.gov /oa/pubs/ratites.htm (646 words)

	Cost-Benefit Analysis of Mandatory Federal Inspection of Ratite Meats
		Based on the ADRS database, it is estimated that the number of ratite carcasses slaughtered and inspected in FY's 1995, 1996 and 1997 was 1,200, 17,020, and 60,000, respectively.
		The number of ratites projected for slaughter for food under a mandatory inspection program is assumed to be 10 percent of the total number of ratites, i.e., 111,500 per year out of an estimated total U.S. population of 1.115 million ratites.
		Ratite meats are only 0.02 percent compared to the volume of carcass weight poultry production and only 0.017 percent compared to the carcass weight of inspected meat.
	www.fsis.usda.gov /OA/pubs/ratiterep.htm (6163 words)

	* Ratite - (Animals): Definition
		The emu is a ratite of Australia second in size among living birds only to Africa's ostrich.
		Kiwis are the smallest ratite birds - the group that contains the ostrich, emu and the extinct moa.
		Although New Zealand is remarkable today for its flightless birds (ratites) such as the kiwi, in the past much larger ratites lived there.
	en.mimi.hu /animals/ratite.html (206 words)

	Emu Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		All male ratites have an intromittent organ (phallus), and ostrich and emu females have a diminutive organ.
		English; 18 ref.; 9603 Modern ratites (ostriches, rheas, cassowaries, emus, and kiwis) are flightless birds which have a palatal structure termed 'palaeognathous' and are found on daughter-landmasses of the Mesozoic supercontinent Gondwanaland.
		The temporal calibration of the DNA molecular clock is primarily based on the divergence of ratites, and depends on the valididty of the hypothesis.
	duke.usask.ca /~ladd/rat_emus.htm (9242 words)

	Ratite Production: Ostrich, Emu and Rhea
		Before purchasing any ratites, would-be producers should first contact their state Department of Agriculture, their local Extension service, and a ratite association (see Further Resources) to determine whether there are any requirements for permits or licenses, or other regulations concerning ratites, in their state or locality.
		It is obvious that ratite producers must address each of those issues with solutions that are appropriate to their respective operations and species, but development of a pasture resource can provide economical, quality feed.
		Even though the price of ratites has decreased greatly over the last few years as the industry shifts from a more limited breeding market to a commercial market, the death or theft of a bird can still be a financial blow.
	www.attra.org /attra-pub/ratite.html (2451 words)

	ratite -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Two extinct ratites are the elephant bird and the moa.
		The lack of this keel in ratites is one reason why the latter group's muscles are unsuitable for...
		The rheas constitute a small family of South American ratites that resemble the ostrich but are considerably smaller, measuring about 4 feet (120 centimeters) in height.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9062770?tocId=9062770 (714 words)

	AllRefer.com - ratite (Vertebrate Zoology) - Encyclopedia
		Once used more technically, ratite, or Ratitae, is today but a loose covering term for a number of bird orders whose members possess such a breast shape.
		While ratites were formerly thought to be ancestral to the carinates, or flying birds, they are now believed to be degenerate forms that have lost adaptation for flight.
		In their own environment, however, the ratites are by no means inferior to other birds.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/ratite.html (371 words)

	Ratite Nutrition and Feeding
		As in all diet formulations, a variety of high quality ingredients should be used to meet the nutrient recommendations of the Ratite.
		Probably the greatest concern of the Ratite farmer is related to the protein content of the diets being fed to their birds.
		Another concern of Ratite growers is related to vitamin and trace mineral levels.
	www.ext.vt.edu /pubs/poultry/factsheets/7.html (633 words)

	Ratite Birds
		Ratites include several orders: ostriches of Africa that also used to inhabit western Asia; rheas of South America; emus of Australia and cassowaries of Australia and New Guinea; New Zealand kiwis; and families such as moas and elephant birds, which are now extinct.
		Ornithologists generally agree that ratites evolved from flying ancestors, but they are uncertain if the different orders are closely related to each other.
		Most species of ratites feed on a variety of plant material, although the kiwis of the forest floor use their long bills to capture earthworms and insects.
	www.paulnoll.com /Oregon/Birds/type-Ratites.html (144 words)

	INTRODUCTION TO THE RATITE INDUSTRY AND THE USE OF FASTRACK® DIRECT-FED MICROBIAL PRODUCTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The ratite industry is rapidly growing as producers sell foundation breeding stock for developing meat markets to supplement the current plumage and leather sales.
		Ratites will cover themselves with their wings during cold weather, and then move their wings for a gentle breeze during hot conditions.
		Ratite producers are particularly concerned about the vitamin E and selenium content of their birds' diets (Scheideler and Angel,1994).
	www.conklin-web.com /ratites/frame3e.htm (2168 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Salmonella enteritidis and S.typhimurium are included, during the past 12 (twelve) months preceding the slaughter of the ratite animals and until the time of export.
		3) The ratite animals are born and reared in the country of origin OR have been in the country of origin for not less than 14 (fourteen) months prior to slaughter and must come from the government of exporting and importing countries approved farm (s).
		8) The ratite meat shall bear a health mark or meat inspection legend, in any form of a label, seal or stamp for recognition that the meat themselves have been produced in accordance with standards which are acceptable to Thailand.
	www.dld.go.th /dcontrol/move/menu39e.html (430 words)

	Ratite Industry Conference Set for April
		While ostrich burgers and steaks have become popular dishes in some restaurants across the country, ratite producers want consumers to be able to prepare and enjoy such meals at home.
		Phillips said it will be up to the ratite industry to find ways to inform consumers about the taste of the meat and educate them on how to prepare it.
		Ratite breeders will have a chance to learn from each other and come up with solutions to their problems.
	www.cahe.nmsu.edu /news/1997/032097_RatiteConf_1997.html (426 words)

	Buckeye Nutrition: Exotic: Buckeye Ratite Breeder Diet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Start feeding Buckeye Ratite Breeder Diet one month before the beginning of the egg laying season and continue until egg laying season has discontinued.
		Ratites, which includes Ostriches, Emus and Rheas, will eat between 2.0% and 3.0% of their body weight daily with rheas having the highest percent of intake and ostriches the lowest.
		Maintain the growing ratites in a clean, dry area with plenty of room for exercise.
	www.buckeyenutrition.com /exotic/ratitebreeder.html (330 words)

	Incubation and Hatching of Ratites
		The "average" incubation times for ratite eggs at normal incubator temperatures are 39 days for the rhea, 42 days for the ostrich, and 56 days for the emu.
		When eggs are transferred to the hatcher the humidity should remain the same as in the incubator until the embryos begin to pip the shells.
		Most ratite eggs are laid in nests that the male has dug in the soil of the pen.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /PS006 (2051 words)

	The Ratite Meat Industry
		Ratite meat to be sold to retail customers should be in a package with an attractive picture of the ready-to-eat meat on the front.
		Ratite meat to be sold to the institutional trade, and this includes restaurants, need not be packaged as elaborately.
		Identification of ratite muscles by numbering the muscles with reference to their scientific names is the simplest way and the most widely accepted procedure.
	animalscience.ucdavis.edu /Avian/pfs17B.htm (1194 words)

	The Basics
		A Ratite is any bird belonging to the Ratitae family of birds.
		These are birds which cannot fly due to the fact that the sternum, or breastbone, has no median ridge or keel for the attachment of the great pectoral or wing muscles.
		The penguin cannot fly but it is not a ratite, it has a keel shaped breastbone.
	www.redoakfarm.com /the_basics.htm (327 words)

	Ratite Commercial Industry
		Today, many ratite raisers are farmers and ranchers already involved in livestock production, exotic animal farming, or other agricultural pursuits who have established ratite operations as a complement to their more conventional business.
		The raising of the ratites is becoming an alternative livestock at a time when product diversification is considered imperative to the success of the small family farm.
		The legislature has now recognized the ratites as livestock and are providing low cost loan programs for new and existing farmers to encourage participation in alternative agricultural pursuits.
	www.emusupply.com /ratiteindustry.htm (1060 words)

	Ratite Breeders Seek New Markets to Sustain Industry
		Today, ratite breeders are looking at value-added markets, especially meat, he said.
		Tests are being conducted on medicinal use of emu oil on burn victims and the lowfat benefits of ratite meat, Evans said.
		Whether it's hides, feathers, oil or meat, New Mexico ratite breeders will have to be ready with supplies to meet the demands of new markets, Evans said.
	www.cahe.nmsu.edu /news/1997/012397_ratite_industry.html (648 words)

	Ostrich & Emu - Ratite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The ostrich and emu industries, collectively know as ratite, are attempting to recover from a tremendous economic shakedown.
		Although ratite meat is a high quality product that offers lower fat and lower cholesterol levels, producers were not able to develop a large enough consumer base willing to pay the additional costs to purchase the product.
		The surviving ratite producers that have weathered this economic storm still face the same fundamental problem the industry started with, how to grow production numbers and market demand at a rate that complements each other.
	test.agmrc.org /agmrc/commodity/livestock/ostrichemu (500 words)

	Healthspa - Ratite Neuromuscular Diseases Page 2
		Concurrently, a popular means of routine vaccination for the turkey and chicken flocks in the same area is via nebulization of live lentogenic PMV-1 strains.
		This results in the release to the outside environment of large amounts of live virus - some of these locations are fairly close to ratite collections and farms.
		There are no known adverse effects of this practice, but the potential pathogenicity of some of these PMV-1 strains on neonatal ostrich chicks is truely unknown.
	www.netpets.com /birds/healthspa/vet/ratite2.html (1102 words)

	THE PARATAXONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF A SOUTH ASIAN RATITE RECORD: EGGSHELL MORPHOLOGY AND FAUNAL SEQUENCE
		Eggshell fragments attributed to the ratite birds cf.
		We have recognized a parataxonomic sequence, based upon several distinct morphologic characteristics, from extensive spatially and temporally documented ratite eggshell material from the Neogene Siwalik Group of Pakistan and India (constrained by magnetic polarity stratigraphy and radiometric [fission-track, zircon] dating).
		Several episodes of ratite introduction into Eurasia from Africa are postulated, one circa 10 mya, based upon the first-appearances of three distinct morphospecies, and later introductions circa 5.3 mya, 3.3 mya, and 1.5 mya, based upon the first-appearances of three additional morphospecies.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2004AM/finalprogram/abstract_78387.htm (442 words)

	Letter to Industry/Associations - Ratite and Squab Inspection
		Ratite and squab plants operating in designated states will be required to operate under FSIS inspection on and after April 26, 2001, unless exempted by Federal regulations.
		Ratite and squab plants operating in non-designated states under USDA recognized state poultry inspection programs would have the option of remaining under the State program or requesting Federal inspection.
		Operators slaughtering or processing ratites or squabs for transport or sale in commerce under a Federal voluntary inspection program must apply to the appropriate FSIS District Office for a mandatory grant of inspection before April 26, 2001.
	www.fsis.usda.gov /oa/update/042001att3.htm (549 words)

	[No title]
		Under existing law, there are no provisions whereby the ratite industry may assess its members to fund programs to promote the production, marketing, use, and sale of ratites and ratite products.
		This bill would propose an amendment to the Constitution of Alabama of 1901, providing for a means by which ratite producers may organize and by referendum levy upon themselves assessments for the purpose of funding promotional programs for the industry.
		An election upon the proposed amendment shall be held in accordance with Sections 284 and 285 of the Constitution of Alabama of 1901, as amended, and the election laws of this state.
	www.legislature.state.al.us /searchableinstruments/1999RS/Bills/HB353.htm (481 words)

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