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	Who Made America? \| Innovators \| Ray Kroc
		Ray Kroc has been called "fast food's founding father." He was born in 1902 and grew up to sell restaurant products including paper cups and milk-shake mixers.
		Kroc made a deal with the brothers to franchise their restaurant throughout the country, with a driving mission of uniformity and value.
		Kroc strove to establish standard procedures for every task at the restaurant, applying the rigorous management and assembly-line orientation that innovators like Henry Ford had established in other industries.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/theymadeamerica/whomade/kroc_hi.html (374 words)

	American National Business Hall of Fame, ANBHF Ray Kroc (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Ray Kroc did not believe that he could afford another employee, but he also felt that he needed the skills which Sonneborn had to offer.
		Kroc had always been a strong believer in the value of advertising, but prior to 1967 McDonald’s had focused its advertising efforts on the local level. Once into national advertising, McDonald’s quickly became one of the country’s leading advertisers.
		His decision was influenced by disagreements between himself and Ray Kroc over the way the company should be run. And at the time he left, he was so certain that the company was heading for trouble, that he sold the substantial bloc of McDonald’s stock which he owned.
	www.anbhf.org /laureates/rkroc.htm (1607 words)

	Ray Kroc and the Fast Food Industry
		Kroc then introduced national advertising programs to support the rapidly proliferating franchises, and when it appeared that growth in the company's home territory was slowing in the early 1970s, he started an energetic and successful push to make McDonald's a global presence.
		Kroc's insight was to apply the same rigor to the construction of sandwiches.
		Kroc deployed the cash to expand and fend off rapidly proliferating rivals, for the company's success has spawned a slew of imitators seeking to cash in on the growing industrialization of fast food.
	www.wiley.com /legacy/products/subject/business/forbes/kroc.html (4716 words)

	Was McDonalds Founder Ray Kroc a Satanist?
		Ray Arthur Kroc (October 5, 1902 – January 14, 1984) was an American entrepreneur, most famous for founding the McDonald's Corporation in 1955, although he did not found the restaurant chain itself, which was started by Dick and Mac McDonald in 1940.
		Kroc was born in Oak Park, Illinois in 1902 and went on to become an ambulance driver during the First World War where he worked with Walt Disney.
		Kroc was investigated by the FBI for donating large amounts of money to CREEP (the Committee to Re-elect the President) in order to obtain a monopoly on food sales at 1976 U.S. bicentennial celebrations.
	www.highstrangeness.tv /articles/ray.php (2850 words)

	The Biography Channel - Ray Kroc Biography
		Kroc, founder of the McDonaldâs Corporation, and once referred to by Harvard Business School as âthe service sectorâs equivalent of Henry Fordâ, was born in Illinois in 1902.
		By 1963, Krocâs firm had sold 3 billion burgers, opened its 500th store, and, in a somewhat cynical attempt to target children, chosen Ronald McDonald as the icon of the firm.
		Creating an enterprise of thousands of almost identical franchises throughout the globe, Kroc was respected in the business community for his high standards and effective leadership.
	www.thebiographychannel.co.uk /biography_home/445:0/Ray_Kroc.htm (376 words)

	Ray Kroc
		Ray Kroc's business card was simplicity itself -- it bore just his name, the golden arches, and the word "Founder." But a more accurate title might have been "Usurper." Contrary to what the McDonald's marketing department tells you, Kroc wasn't the founder of anything.
		Because it is the first one launched by Ray Kroc, he names it "McDonald's #1" despite the fact that the McDonald brothers had already opened eight of their chain restaurants before they began accepting licensees.
		McDonald's CEO Ray Kroc secretly funnels $250,000 to President Richard M. Nixon in exchange for a 20% reduction in the minimum wage for teenagers.
	www.rotten.com /library/bio/business/ray-kroc (1495 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Metro -- Joan B. Kroc, widow of McDonald's founder, dies at 75
		Kroc was known in recent years as a major donor to organizations working to promote world peace, including namesake think tanks at the University of Notre Dame and the University of San Diego.
		Kroc had told friends and acquaintances recently that she was deeply concerned about the turn in world events since the Sept. 11 terror attacks.
		She married Ray Kroc in 1969 and the couple moved from Chicago to San Diego in 1976, two years after purchasing the Padres and preventing the team from being moved to Washington, D.C. When Ray Kroc died on Jan. 14, 1984 at age 81, Mrs.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/metro/20031012-1619-ca-obit-kroc.html (756 words)

	Kroc Institute: Life and Times of Joan B. Kroc
		Kroc donates $100,000 to assist families of 21 victims slain at a McDonald's in San Ysidro.
		Kroc makes what was then considered to be the largest single contribution to a political party in American history, giving $1 million to the Democratic National Committee.
		Kroc gives $625,000 to San Diego performing arts groups in the city's 1989 Soviet Arts Festival and $1 million to the city for the festival.
	www.nd.edu /~krocinst/about/lifetimes.shtml (631 words)

	Kroc, Ray (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Kroc's first job was with his uncle, Earl Edmund Sweet, in a soda fountain the summer before he started high school.
		Kroc was known for his obsessive cleanliness, and he wanted the restaurants kept very clean.
		Kroc served as the company's president from 1955 to 1968, as chairman of the board from 1968 to 1977, and as a senior chairman from 1977 until his death.
	www.faqs.org /nutrition/Biographies/Kroc-Ray.html (771 words)

	Conrad N. Hilton College : Kroc, Ray (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Ray Kroc's entrepreneurial zeal, combined with an almost evangelical ability to motivate nearly everyone he touched, enabled him to build the largest and most successful restaurant franchise company in the world.
		Ray's operating credo of "Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value" became the mantra for all McDonald's owners, established a permanent benchmark for the entire foodservice and food processing industries, and, by extension, all service industry components.
		Ray's urge to excel and his commitment to quality were the rare ingredients that produced the spectacular success of his company and, furthermore, continues to provide exemplary tools of leadership for the men and women preparing to enter the hospitality industry of the future.
	www.hrm.uh.edu /home.asp?PageID=191 (456 words)

	Raymond Albert Kroc Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Ray Kroc was born in Chicago, Illinois, on October 2, 1902, the son of relatively poor parents.
		Kroc, from his years in the paper cup and milk shake business, recognized a potential gold mine and approached the brothers about starting a franchise operation based on their restaurant, selling hamburgers for 15 cents, fries for 10 cents, and shakes for 20 cents.
		Kroc's great contribution was to figure out how to mass-produce food uniformly in astounding quantities, and then to convince millions of Americans that they needed to buy this food.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/raymond-albert-kroc (1043 words)

	Ray Kroc
		Businessman Ray Kroc was traveling around the United States selling milk shake mixers when he became inspired by a restaurant that was using many of his machines.
		Kroc's new company was named “McDonald's,” after the McDonald brothers, and he opened his first store in Illinois.
		Kroc's introduction to the burger business came in the early '50s through a milkshake machine he was peddling at the time.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1830.html (389 words)

	Ray Kroc
		Kroc was immediately impressed with the restaurant; despite its limited menu and no drive-thru window, business was going very well (Pepin, 2).
		Kroc approached the McDonald brothers with the idea of opening McDonald’s franchises across the U.S. Kroc’s vision was to install his multimixer in each restaurant, allowing an efficient way for stores to make money.
		Kroc was so convinced of the future of the franchises that he convinced the McDonald brothers to sell their interest in the franchise to Kroc for the total amount of $2.7 Million (Pepin 2).
	www6.vjc.edu /mj/kroc/kroc/bio.htm (503 words)

	The Salvation Army - Northwest Division-Holiday Volunteer Work (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Kroc Center in Coeur d’Alene will be located at intersection of Ramsey and Golf Course Roads, and will be the center of activity for the five counties of North Idaho.
		Kroc for the opportunity to continue working together to make our KROC Center a place where kids and adults can grow and learn and be the person God made them to be,” said Lt. Colonel Brodin.
		Joan Kroc, widow of McDonalds’ founder Ray Kroc, gave The Salvation Army in the United States an estate gift in excess of $1.5 billion for the exclusive purpose of building and endowing KROC Centers in many communities across the country.
	www.nwarmy.org /kroc (559 words)

	TIME 100: Ray Kroc
		Kroc was adroit and perceptive in identifying popular trends.
		As he said, "The definition of salesmanship is the gentle art of letting the customer have it your way." He would remain the ultimate salesman, serving as a chairman of McDonald's Corp., the largest restaurant company in the world, from 1968 until his death in 1984.
		In 1917, Ray Kroc was a brash 15-year-old who lied about his age to join the Red Cross as an ambulance driver.
	www.time.com /time/time100/builder/profile/kroc.html (518 words)

	TIME 100: Builders & Titans - Ray Kroc
		Although he sold paper cups by day and played the piano for a radio station at night, Kroc had an ear better tuned to the rhythms of commerce.
		Kroc saw the restaurant in 1954 and was entranced by the effectiveness of the operation.
		Kroc, ever the instigator, started thinking about building McDonald's stores all over the U.S.--each of them equipped with eight multimixers whirring away, spinning off a steady stream of cash.
	www.time.com /time/time100/profile/kroc2.html (380 words)

	Ray Kroc \| Entrepreneur and McDonald's Founder
		Ray Kroc was working as a cup salesman when he conceived the idea of McDonald's Restaurants.
		Kroc emphasized cleanliness in his restaurants along with good working habits for his employees.
		At the time of his death, Ray Kroc had built McDonald's up to a chain of 7500 restaurants in 114 countries.
	www.usa-hero.com /kroc_ray.html (178 words)

	Kroc Fellowship (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Ray A. and Robert L. Kroc Summer Research Fellowship was established in 1985 with a generous gift from The Kroc Foundation to the School of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University.
		The purpose of the summer research fellowship is to provide students of the School of Medicine, having an interest in research, with the opportunity to explore diabetes and endocrine-related diseases as potential fields for their careers.
		Each year the Ray A. and Robert L. Kroc Award, consisting of a plaque and a cash prize, is given at the commencement ceremony to the student in the graduating class who has performed the most outstanding project in the area of diabetes and endocrine-related diseases as judged by the Award’s Committee.
	www.case.edu /med/pathology/krocfellowship.htm (490 words)

	Company - history
		Ray Kroc opened his first restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois (near Chicago), and the McDonald's Corporation was created.
		Ray Cesca (Director of Global Purchasing of the McDonald's Corporation) has admitted that when McDonald's opened stores in Costa Rica in 1970, they were using beef from cattle raised on ex-rainforest land, deforested in the 1950's and 1960's.
		Ray Kroc made a $250,000 donation to the controversial 1972 presidential campaign of Richard Nixon, a donation which was perhaps a subject of investigation during the Watergate corruption scandal.
	www.mcspotlight.org /company/company_history.html (2904 words)

	Ray Kroc
		At age 52, Ray Kroc became the exclusive distributor for a company that produced “multi-mixer” milk shake machines.
		He was impressed by a small chain of hamburger restaurants based in San Bernardino, California that used the multi-mixers, and acquired franchising rights from the owners, the McDonald brothers.
		Kroc had the cunning ability to grasp a concept with all its complexities and implement it in the best possible way.
	www.academyofachievement.org /honorees/ray_kroc.htm (164 words)

	Ray Kroc - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ray Arthur Kroc (October 5, 1902 – January 14, 1984) was an American entrepreneur, most famous for significantly expanding the McDonald's Corporation from 1955.
		In 1961, Kroc bought out the McDonald brothers for the price of $2.7 million dollars and the condition that the brothers would be able to keep their original restaurant.
		Their relationship was not harmonious, and Kroc denied them the rights to the McDonald's name and, after renaming their restaurant Big M's, Kroc opened up a new McDonald's down the street to force them out of business.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ray_Kroc (885 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Grinding It Out: The Making of Mcdonalds: Books: Ray Kroc (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Kroc saw the potential of somebody else's business idea, the McDonald bother's formula of providing cheap but high quality food prepared in a clean environment, and used all his energy and capital to exploit it.
		Ray Kroc also describes some of his non-business exploits such as his purchase of a baseball team and his quest for love and his new wife.
		Ray Kroc turned McDonalds into a global franchise vs the original owners who had invented the marvelous idea but were happy with it being a small idea.
	www.amazon.co.uk /Grinding-Out-Mcdonalds-Ray-Kroc/dp/0312929870 (1132 words)

	Compare Prices and Read Reviews on Ray Kroc et al - Grinding It Out: The Making of McDonald's at Epinions.com
		Ray was in his 50s and well established in a long career when he 'discovered' McDonald's.
		No, Ray did not come up with the concept of the hamburger, nor the 15 cent McDonald hamburger, nor the very tasty fries...
		Ray, a self proclaimed dreamer, didn't pursue McDonald's because he envisioned the current reality of a McDonald's on every street corner, rather he pursued it to build his existing Multimixer career.
	www.epinions.com /content_164595338884 (709 words)

	Taking Notes: Ray Kroc - the Big Mac Man
		My notes include only the main details of Ray Kroc’s life; they are much shorter than the original sentences; and they often use simpler language than the original biography.
		Kroc gave a lot to charities, esp. ones supporting research into multiple sclerosis, arthritis, and diabetes (he himself suffered from diabetes and it killed his daughter)
		Kroc was married three times – his third wife, Joan, has continued his spirit of helping the less fortunate – e.g.
	www.geocities.com /frankie_meehan/KrocNotes.htm (540 words)

	Carmelites of Indianapolis
		Joan B. Kroc never set foot inside the National Public Radio home office in Washington, D.C. She didn't socialize with the top executives, phone in to contribute to the dialogue or send fan letters to her favorite hosts.
		Kroc is remembered as a "compassionate person who cared deeply about national and international issues, and especially in finding ways to help people and nations communicate better with one another."
		Joan Kroc's life and giving has inspired me to pray for those centers who are promoting world peace and for the quality of NPR and it's 750 member stations.
	www.praythenews.com /News_topic.asp?c=173 (766 words)

	Ray Kroc
		Before setting up the a fast-food restaurant chain, Ray Kroc was a high school dropout, ambulance driver, jazz pianist, Florida real-estate salesman, radio station manager, and paper cup salesman.
		In 1954 he was a distributor for a line of blenders which could mix 5 milk shakes at the same time.
		Kroc set up a chain of drive-in restaurants based on the McDonald brothers model of assembly line preparation for high volume food sales.
	www.foodreference.com /html/untitled2592.html (215 words)

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